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1、一、常用句式這部分針對(duì)一些在寫(xiě)作上實(shí)在有困難的考生,列出一些經(jīng)常用于作文開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾以及中間過(guò)渡的句式。需要指出的是,這些句式并不僅僅可以用在命題作文中,部分句式也可以用在我們后面要介紹的漫畫(huà)類(lèi)作文、圖表類(lèi)作文以及段首句類(lèi)作文中。因此,考生一定要根據(jù)不同內(nèi)容靈活運(yùn)用。當(dāng)然,在介紹后幾種題型的作文中,我們還會(huì)列出一些專(zhuān)門(mén)適用于那幾種題型的作文的句式。 常用于開(kāi)頭的句式1with the rapidly growing popularity of , the quality of our lives has been considerably changed.例句:with the rapidly
2、growing popularity of computers in china, the quality of our lives has been considerably changed.2recently, sth. /the problem ofhas been brought to popular attention/has become the focus of public concern.例句:recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that govern
3、ments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.3with the development of, more and more people come to realize that例句:with the development of high education, more and more people come to realize that knowledge plays a role of extreme importance in modern society.4in the past few years
4、, there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in例句:in the past few years, there has been a decline in the number of species.5it is a traditional practice toin our society.例句:it is a traditional practice for young people to be financially dependent on their parents for anything like marriage and housi
5、ng.6it has long been considered only right and proper/perfectly justified tossible measure for the selection of the qualified.10the birth/invention ofhas made an enormous/essential difference to but is does not mean that例句:the birth of the computer has made an essential difference to the human progr
6、ess. but it does not mean that this wonder dose no threat to our society.11sth. has changed the way our society develops, but its bright side should not keep us from following closely its dark side.例句:the genetic engineering has changed the way our society develops, but its bright side should not ke
7、ep us from following closely its dark side.12what would our society be like if there were no?例句:what would our society be like if there were no public morals?13should we put sth. above sth. else? /should we attach as much weight to sth. as to. sth. else?例句:should we put intellectual development abov
8、e moral education?14sth. is just the same as/is compared to/is like例句:life in the middle of marriage if often compared to wire walking, for in the early years spouses attract each other and in late years they need each other.15in our life, there often appears such an occasion when/on which例句:in our
9、daily life, there often appears such an occasion when we drink success to our work in one field but, at the same time, begin to do great damage to other fields.16one of the great men one said that/there is an old saying that例句:a gifted american psychologist once said that it is an illusion to believ
10、e in the sunday-school truthmore comfort, more happiness.17according to the recent survey/statistics, there ispercent of例句:according to a recent survey made in a certain university, there are 43.8 percent of male students and 38.3 percent of female students either facing problems with nutrition or h
11、aving to miss classes because of illness each term.18nowadays, a heated debate/discussion aboutis under way in china. some people believe that, whereas others argue that例句:nowadays, a heated debate about whether one should step forward bravely in the event of crime is under way in china. some people
12、 believe that one should step forward bravely no matter how dangerous it is, whereas others argue that one should put his or her own safety above anything else.19when it comes to, most people contend that, but other people consider that例句:when it comes to fake commodities, most people contend that p
13、eople should battle against the falsehood of the fakes, but other people consider that buying fake commodities means nothing but “unlucky” which is hard to avoid.20there are many advantages and disadvantages in例句:there are many advantages and disadvantages in owning a car. 常用于結(jié)尾的句式1 it is hoped that
14、 we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to例句:it is hoped that we should pay more attention to the problems of unemployment.2 only in this way/only when/only through, will/can we例句:it is only if all sides of society take their roles fully that we will achieve the society we want.3 as lon
15、g as, we will be able to/the problems is bound to例句:as long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our life.4 in the course of time/in a long run/in the long term, sth. is more likely/bound/sure to例句:in a long run, the practice
16、of birth control is believed to do a great benefit to the future of china.5 in a word, there is every/little chance/probability/possibility thatin time to come.例句:in a word, there is every chance that this wise move in economic construction will acquire a broader significance in time to come.6 anyth
17、ing/anyone that/whowill have to例句:anyone who has a strong bias against china will have to threat her with increased respect.7 it is high time that例句:it is high time that the issue were to be solved so as to promote the economic development.8 we should do our best in eliminating例句:we should do our be
18、st in eliminating air pollution.9 the problem is not; the problem is例句:the problem is not that we cannot do it; the problem is that we hate to do such nasty things.10in order to, we must例句:in order to make our world a better place in which to live, we must learn to live in harmony with all wildlife
19、species.11all the above evidence/experience/ facts goes to show that例句:all the above evidence goes to show that the birth of computer has benefited our life greatly.12no surprising/ it is apparent that the task ofdemands/requires/deserves immediate/serious/considerable attention/consideration.例句:it
20、is, therefore, apparent that the task of fighting against corruption requires considerable consideration now.13we can come to the conclusion that例句:we can come to the conclusion that living on campus is the best way of learning independence, and of understanding other people and society at large.14w
21、e then have reasons to be confident that in the near future例句:we then have reasons to be confident that in the near future, no child is forced out of school because of poverty.15my suggestion is that; otherwise例句:my suggestion is that effective measures should be taken to check population growth; ot
22、herwise, the potential consequences are unimaginable.16as for me, i have always been taking care to so, i例句:as for me, i have always been taking care to choose a goal and a right path before doing anything important. then i will work hard and perseveringly. so, i have made some achievements and i wi
23、ll do better.17so i believe atomorrowwill be achieved through efforts of every person.例句:so i believe a safe tomorrow of less car accidents will be achieved through efforts of every person.18therefore, we should not onlybutas well.例句:therefore, we should not only realize that competition and coopera
24、tion, like two sides of the coin, have to go hand in hand, but fix more attention on how to make full use of cooperation as well.19in short, are the major problems to be solved to例句:in short, shortage of water, decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution are the major problems to be solve
25、d to increase grain production.20who is to say that?例句:who is to say that our scientists may not provide a better theory? 常用的過(guò)渡句式1 although lots of people follow the fashion/trend, i still set my heart on例句:although lots of people follow the fashion, i still set my heart on its negative effect on ou
26、r society.2 for one thing for another as a third benefit/disadvantage例句:for one thing, some excellent students can take full advantage of the holiday to awaken their personal interests such as painting, sightseeing and so on. for another, it can provide more chances for some poor students to help ma
27、ke two ends meet and to get prepared for the future by taking part-time jobs. as a third benefit, for those who are far from good at a certain subject, there is a golden opportunity of catching up with other.3it is no easy/simple task/job to furnish/identify/find every reason/cause for sth., but/whi
28、le, on the whole, two/some factors shout louder/ weigh heavier than others/stand out from others.例句:it is no easy job to find every reason for the increase in the number of teenagers who run away from their homes, but, on the whole, two factors shout louder than others. first of all, . second, 4in c
29、ontrast with the drawbacks/demerits/flaws of sth., sth. else can serve as a better step/move/advance in the right direction/toward the solution for the problem of例句:in contrast with the drawbacks caused by nuclear power, the solar power can serve as a better move toward the solution for the problem
30、of energy crisis.5it is true/obvious that sth cant compete/be compared with sth else in, but sth still enjoys/secures/possesses distinct/substantial advantage over sth else.例句:it is obvious that radio cannot compete with television in visuality, but it still possesses substantial advantages over tel
31、evision. (one of these isanotherstill another)6but if, it is easy/not difficult/hard to see/find/discover that例句:but if they adjust their frame of mind a little in the other direction, it is not hard for them to find that life is just as promising as before.7superficially/on the surface/at first gla
32、nce/in appearance, the issue in question seems. but in fact/in substance/on close examination, 例句:at first glance, the western-type democracy seems superior to any other types. but on close examination, it does not entitle every citizen of the same nation to the equal freedom to act.8those in favor
33、of the issue in question argue/contend/hold/maintain/claim that. but what they fail to consider/analyze/see/find out is that例句:those in favor of euthanasia(安樂(lè)死) contend that its practice can benefit both the patient and his family. but what they fail to consider is that euthanasia may be taken advan
34、tage of for some evil or hidden purposes.9my our look on/choice of/participation in/devotion tostems from/derives from/results from some/several chief factors.例句:my choice of the career stems from several chief factors. first second10a variety of/quite a few factors have led me to do例句:quite a few f
35、actors have led me to form the habit of reading三常用句式在命題作文一節(jié)中列舉的一些常用句式,大部分都可以用在漫畫(huà)類(lèi)作文中,考生可以根據(jù)自己的需要選用。這里再列舉幾個(gè)常用于描述漫畫(huà)的句式。1 the cartoon/picture briefs/depicts/shows例句:the cartoon briefs the history of commercial fishing in the 20th century.2 in the picture, 例句:in the picture, an american girl looks so pl
36、eased in the richly decorated chinese national costumes.3 looking at the picture, 例句:looking at the picture, many people cannot help laughing. 4。this is what the picture indicates.例句:it is not unusual for chinese children to get money from their parents, grandparents or relatives during the spring f
37、estival. this is what the picture indicates.5 the two pictures here illustrate例句:the two pictures here illustrate how a flower in a greenhouse is destroyed when exposed to a storm.6 in the first picture, . while in the second one, 例句:in the first picture, a lonely small boat, in spite of the good ca
38、tch, does not disturb the fishes that are swimming leisurely. while in the second one, the sea is over-crowded with fishing boats, and a lonely fish, desperately trying to escape, finds no place to hide.7as depicted in the picture/as we can see in the picture/as can been seen from the picture/as is
39、shown by the drawing, 例句:as can be seen from the picture, the car breaks stops on the way and cannot move any further.8it is most likely that by drawing the pictures, the artist intends例句:it is most likely that by drawing the pictures, the artist intends not only to tell us the story of fish but als
40、o to set us thinking more about nature.(一)常用句式以下是圖表作文常用的表達(dá)法:1 according to the figures shown in the table/graph we can see/conclude that例句:according to the figures shown in the table, we can see that great changes have been taking place in peoples diet over the period from 1988 to 1998.2 we can see/
41、we have noted/it can be seen from the table/chart/graph that例句:we have noted from the graph that there is a wide gap between the top ten universities both of china and of the world.3 the graph/table/chart shows/indicates/reveals/points out that例句:the chart reveals that the number of road accidents i
42、s spiraling upward every year as more and more highways are constructed all over china.4 as is shown/can be seen in the chart/graph/diagram released by the government例句:as we can see in the diagram released by the government, the rapid growth of population has resulted in the extinction of many wild
43、life species.5 after considering the information in the graph/table/chart, we might conclude that例句:after considering the information in the graph, we might conclude that the energy structure in rural areas has been greatly improved over the past 15 years.6.the chart/graph/table shows a minimal/slig
44、ht/slow/steady/marked/dramatic/sharp/sudden increase/rise/decline/reduction/fall/drop incompared with those of last year/10 years ago/last century例句:the graph shows a marked decline in the number of wildlife species compared with that of last century.7 this year, the products ofdropped to half/was c
45、ut in half/doubled/tripled.例句:this year, the products of cotton doubled.8 the number of grew/rose/dropped fromto例句:the number of car accidents grew from 3691 in 1985 to 8245 in 1995.9 no increase is shown in ; then came a sharp increase of 例句:no increase is shown in 1988; then came a sharp increase
46、of 8 million.10sth. is twice/three/half as large/high/much as sth. else.例句:the production of cotton is twice as much as that of wheat.11the table/chart/graph represents the development and changes in 例句:the table represents the development and changes in agriculture structure in the past 30 years.12
47、by comparison with, it dropped/ fell/ decreased fromto/ by例句:by comparison with 1990, it dropped by 15 percent.13there appeared an even more stable/consistent/steady tendency to rise/drop.14the curve has leveled off/stayed the same/remained unchanged for 2 years and the trend will be continuing.第六節(jié)
48、應(yīng)用文類(lèi)作文1 幾種主要信函的寫(xiě)法英文書(shū)信主要分為事務(wù)書(shū)信和個(gè)人書(shū)信兩種,前者是單位與單位之間或個(gè)人與單位之間來(lái)往的信件,后者是親朋好友之間的來(lái)往信件。事務(wù)書(shū)信包括申請(qǐng)信、推薦信、求職信、訂購(gòu)信等等;個(gè)人書(shū)信包括慰問(wèn)信、祝賀信、道歉信以及一般的個(gè)人信等等。在格式和語(yǔ)體方面,事務(wù)書(shū)信比較正規(guī),而個(gè)人書(shū)信則比較隨便。在這部分中,我們結(jié)合信函的實(shí)用程度和考研作文對(duì)篇幅的一般要求選取了五種我們認(rèn)為有可能成為考研作文命題對(duì)象的信函。 求職信求職信是用來(lái)向某一單位求取一份工作的信函,它屬于廣義的申請(qǐng)信的一種。之所以將求職信與其他類(lèi)型的申請(qǐng)信分開(kāi)來(lái)寫(xiě),是因?yàn)槠淠壳皯?yīng)用的普遍性和重要性,因此希望考生給予足夠的
49、重視。寫(xiě)求職信時(shí),要注意以下幾點(diǎn):首先,措辭要禮貌,對(duì)求職單位要加以一定的褒揚(yáng),并表示對(duì)該單位的向往之情,希望能到該單位工作。第二,簡(jiǎn)潔、明了、具體地說(shuō)明自己的能力和條件。因?yàn)榍舐毿磐ǔJ歉?jiǎn)歷一起寄給用人單位的,所以在信中提到自己的能力和條件時(shí),不是要簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)簡(jiǎn)歷中已有的內(nèi)容,而是要用簡(jiǎn)潔、明了、具體的語(yǔ)言提出自己特別突出的或者可能引起用人單位特別的注意的能力和條件。第三,對(duì)于要求取的工作崗位,要特別寫(xiě)明,給用人單位一個(gè)考慮選擇的機(jī)會(huì)。第四,要突出招聘者的利益,不要一味強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的需要和期望。求職信一般分為三個(gè)部分來(lái)寫(xiě),至于分成幾段,沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格的要求。第一部分說(shuō)明從哪里得到的關(guān)于這份工作的信息,
50、又或者寫(xiě)信人只是投求職信碰碰運(yùn)氣。第二部分主要是推銷(xiāo)自己,表達(dá)自己對(duì)應(yīng)聘職位的興趣以及介紹自己的最突出的能力和條件。如果求職者對(duì)應(yīng)聘職位沒(méi)有太多的了解,可以特別表達(dá)一向愿意接受新挑戰(zhàn)的愿望,并強(qiáng)調(diào)一下自己在適應(yīng)新環(huán)境、處理人際關(guān)系方面的能力。最后一部分當(dāng)然是表達(dá)一下希望,例如希望能得到面試的機(jī)會(huì)。下面給出一封齊頭式的求職信,省略了信頭和信內(nèi)地址,從稱(chēng)呼開(kāi)始。dear sir or madam:i am writing in response to the advertisement you placed in the sunday paper for a sales manager in yo
51、ur company. your company has a reputation for producing high-quality products like mandolin network system. i am interested in joining such a professional organization.as you can see from the enclosed resume, my previous work in an export company has provided me with lots of opportunities to contact
52、 all kinds of customers and suppliers home and abroad. by communicating with them, i have got very familiar with the international trade and the current market. besides, my educational training at university concentrated also on international trade which equipped me with a solid foundation in sales
53、and trade.as such, i believe that my service could be of great benefit to your company in terms of customer relation and new business connections.i hope to have an opportunity to meet your human resource manager in order to let you know more about me. i enclose a resume and could be available for an
54、 interview at your convenience. looking forward to hearing from you and thank you for your consideration.sincerely yours,j.s. wu 其他申請(qǐng)信當(dāng)一個(gè)人想得到某種機(jī)會(huì)或某些東西,如申請(qǐng)得到獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金、求學(xué)、申請(qǐng)出國(guó)簽證等,往往通過(guò)申請(qǐng)信來(lái)請(qǐng)求。寫(xiě)申請(qǐng)信的時(shí)候一般應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):首先,語(yǔ)氣要誠(chéng)摯友好,措辭要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),千萬(wàn)不要表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)求的意思。第二,對(duì)于申請(qǐng)的內(nèi)容和原因一定要寫(xiě)得非常清楚,不能含糊。第三,盡管不能表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)求的意思,但是期望得到的心情一定要表達(dá)出來(lái)。申請(qǐng)信如何分段,也沒(méi)
55、有嚴(yán)格的規(guī)定,其內(nèi)容一般應(yīng)包括以下幾個(gè)部分:明確是在寫(xiě)申請(qǐng);申請(qǐng)的具體內(nèi)容和緣由;自己的情況和條件;提出要求,如回信、面試等等。每一部分都要做到清晰、簡(jiǎn)明。對(duì)于不同的申請(qǐng)內(nèi)容,在介紹自己情況的時(shí)候也要有不同的側(cè)重。例如在求學(xué)信中,應(yīng)比較側(cè)重介紹自己已有的學(xué)位及專(zhuān)業(yè)情況;在申請(qǐng)留學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)資助的信中,應(yīng)著重介紹自己的學(xué)業(yè)及學(xué)術(shù)水平,因?yàn)閲?guó)外很多學(xué)校頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是以此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。以下是兩封申請(qǐng)信,第一封是求學(xué)信,另一封是申請(qǐng)留學(xué)資助的,第一封信用的是齊頭式,第二封信用的是縮進(jìn)式,信頭和信內(nèi)地址都已省略。dear sir or madam:i am writing to apply for admissio
56、n to your university to pursue my m.s. degree. i have read the annual prospectus issued by your university and found that it has the best graduate program of chemistry. i am greatly interested in the program.i graduated in 1997 from beijing university, majoring in chemistry and holding a b. s. degre
57、e. at university, i took many fundamental courses in chemistry and my english is excellent as i had served as the head of english association for two years. since then i have been teaching chemistry in beijing normal university. through my teaching experience, i have not only deepened my understanding in this fiel
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