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1、2013最全最完整的整理版2013最全最完整的整理版2013最全最完整的整理版2013最全最完整的整理版2013最全最完整的整理版2013最全最完整的整理版提綱式作文 1 對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)式 a有人認(rèn)為x 是好事,贊成x, 為什么? b 有人認(rèn)為x 是壞事, 反對(duì)x,為什么? c我的看法。 some people are in favor of the idea of doing x. they point out the fact that 支持x 的第一個(gè)原因。they also argue that 支持x 的另一個(gè)原因。 however, other people stand on a dif
2、ferent ground. they consider it harmful to do x. they firmly point out that 反對(duì)x 的第一個(gè)理由。 an example can give the details of this argument: 一個(gè)例子。 there is some truth in both arguments. but i think the advantages of x overweigh the disadvantages. in addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it m
3、ight bring about, x also may x 的有一個(gè)壞處。 2 批駁觀點(diǎn)式 a一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。 b 我不同意。 many people argue that 錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。by saying that, they mean 對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。an example they have presented is that 一個(gè)例子。(according to a survey performed by x on a group of y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)或者受到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)的影響)。 there might be some element
4、of truth in these peoples belief. but if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)相反的觀點(diǎn)。there are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。 3 社會(huì)問題(現(xiàn)象)式 a一個(gè)社會(huì)問題或者現(xiàn)象。 b 產(chǎn)生的原因 c對(duì)社會(huì)和我們生活的影響 d 如何杜絕。(如果是問題的話) e 前景的預(yù)測(cè)。 nowadays, there exists an increasingly se
5、rious social/economic/environmental problem. (x has increasingly become a common concern of the public). according to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。(或者是一個(gè)例子)。 there are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 x has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, wh
6、ich has been articulated(表達(dá)) in the following aspects. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 a dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent x from bringing us more harm. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 based on the above discussions, i can easily forecast that more and more people will . 寫作模板圖表式作文 it is obvious in the graph/table that th
7、e rate/number/amount of y has undergone dramatic changes. it has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as x varies). at the point of (接近)x1, y reaches its peak value of (多少). what is the reason for this change? mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the
8、graphic/table. first of all, (第一個(gè)原因). more importantly, (第二個(gè)原因). most important of all, (第三個(gè)原因). from the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. the trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not
9、 taken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢(shì)). 寫作模板辯論式議論文 模版1 some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 觀點(diǎn)1. but other people take an opposite side. they firmly believe that 觀點(diǎn)2. as for me, i agree to the former/latter idea. there are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. first of all, 論據(jù)1. more importantly, 論據(jù)2
10、. most important of all, 論據(jù)3. in summary, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn). as a college student, i am supposed to 表決心. 或 from above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè). 模版2 people hold different views about x. some people are of the opinion that 觀點(diǎn)1, while others point out that 觀點(diǎn)2. as far as i am concerned, the former/latter opinion hol
11、ds more weight. for one thing, 論據(jù)1. for another, 論據(jù)2. last but not the least, 論據(jù)3. to conclude, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn). as a college student, i am supposed to 表決心. 或 from above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè). 模版3 there is no consensus knsenss 一致of opinions among people about x(爭論的焦點(diǎn))。some people are of the view that 觀點(diǎn)1,whi
12、le others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點(diǎn)2。as far as i am concerned, the former/latter notion(觀念) is preferable in many senses. the reasons are obvious. first of all, 論據(jù)1。 furthermore, 論據(jù)2。 among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. that is, 論據(jù)3。 a natural conclusio
13、n from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。 as a college student, i am supposed to 表決心. 或 from above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè) 常用句型:1 表示原因 1)there are three reasons for this 2)the reasons for this are as follows 3)the reason for this is obvious 4)the reason for this is not far to seek 5)the reason for th
14、is is that 6)we have good reason to believe that 例: there are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifefirstly,peoples living standard has been greatly improvedsecondly,most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or likelast but not least,more and more people
15、prefer to enjoy modern life 注:如考生寫第一個(gè)句子沒有把握,可將其改寫成兩個(gè)句子。如:great changes have taken place in our life there are three reasons for this這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。 2表示好處 1)it has the following advantages 2)it does us a lot of good 3)it benefits us quite a lot 4)it is beneficial to us 5)it is of great benefit to us
16、 例: books are like friendsthey can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizonstherefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us 3表示壞處 1)it has more disadvantages than advantages 2)it does us much harm 3)it is harmfulto us 例: however,everything divides into
17、twotelevision can also be harmful to usit can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion 4表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能 1)it is important(necessary,difficult,convenient, possible)for sbto do sth 2)we think it necessary to do sth 3)it plays an important role in our life
18、 例: computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in businesssoon, computers will be found in every home,toowe have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the computer age 5表示措施 1)we should t
19、ake some effective measures 2)we should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties 3)we should do our utmost in doing sth 4)we should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with 例: the housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serioustherefore,we must take
20、 some effective measures to solve it 6表示變化 1)some changes have taken place in the past five years 2)a great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications 3)the computer has brought about(導(dǎo)致) many changes in education 例: some changes have taken place in peoples diet in the past five
21、yearsthe major reasons for these changes are not far to seeknowadays,more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins 7表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀 1)we cannot ignore the fact that 2)no one can deny the fact that 3)there is no denying the fact that 4)thi
22、s is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5)however,thats not the case 例: we cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollutionto solve these problems, we can start by educating the public about the hazards(危害) of pollutionthe government on its part sho
23、uld also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment 8表示比較 1)compared with a,b 2)i prefer to read rather than watch tv 3)there is a striking contrast between them 例: compared with cars,bicycles have several advantages besides being affordablefirstly,they do not consume natural resources of
24、 petrol(石油)secondly,they do not cause the pollution problemlast but not least,they contribute to peoples health by giving them due physical exercise 9表示數(shù)量 1)it has increased(decreased)fromto 2)the population in this city has now increased (decreased)to 800,000 3)the output of july in this factory in
25、creased by 15 compared with that of january 例: with the improvement of the living standard,the proportion(比例) of peoples income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased 再如: from the graph listed above,itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an av
26、erage of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000 注:“from the graph listed above,it can be seen that”見句式12??忌鷮⒕涫?和句式12結(jié)合在一起,便可較好地寫出2002年6月cet 4、6短文寫作的第一段。 10表示看法 1)people have(take,adopt,assume)different attitudes towards sth 2)people have different opinions on this problem 3)people
27、take different views of(on)the question 4)some people believe thatothers argue that 例: people have different attitudes towards failuresome believe that failure leads to success every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavorhowever, others are easi
28、ly discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category(種類) of losers 再如: do lucky numbers really bring good luck?different people have different views on it 注:一個(gè)段落有時(shí)很適宜以問句開始,考生應(yīng)掌握這一寫作方法。 11表示結(jié)論 1)in short,it can be said that 2)it may be briefly summed up as follows 3)from what has been ment
29、ioned above,we can come to the conclusion that 例: from what has been mentioned above,we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary,however, its method should be improved 注:例句1可用于任何一個(gè)段落的結(jié)論句;例句3則多用文章結(jié)論段的第一句。 12套語 1)its well known to us that 2)as is known to us, 3)this is a topic that is
30、being widely talked about 4)from the graph(table,chart)listed above,it can be seen that 5)as a proverb(諺語) says,“where there is a will,there is a way例如: as is well known to us,it is important for the students to know the world outside campus the reason for this is obviousnowadays,the society is chan
31、ging and developing rapidly,and the campus is no longer an“ivory toweras college students,we must get in touch with the world outside the campusonly in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate 再如: does it pay to be honest?this is a topic that is being widely talked ab
32、out and different people have different opinions on itacknowledgements my deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to professor aaa , my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. she has walked me through all the stages of the writing of this thesis. without her consistent and illumi
33、nating instruction, this thesis could not havereached its present form. second, i would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to professor aaa, who led me into the world of translation. i am also greatly indebted to the professors and teachers at the department of english: professor dddd, professor ssss, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past two years. last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. i also
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