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1、徹底掌握IIS 6.0功能及應(yīng)用詳解米酵危轤埠丙悃耀儺裊柢關(guān)于IIS 6.0的故事一言難盡,如果你已經(jīng)在IIS技術(shù)上有所投資,IIS 6.0無疑是一個(gè)動(dòng)人的、非聽不可的話題。鑒于IIS 6.0和以前版本的差別實(shí)在太大了,只用一篇文章很難做到面面俱到,所以本文首先探討IIS 6.0的安裝、體系結(jié)構(gòu)以及由于體系結(jié)構(gòu)方面的差異帶 來的全新服務(wù)功能,下一篇文章接著介紹IIS 6.0的新特性其中有些你可能還沒有聽說過,另外還有默認(rèn)配置方面的一些重要變化,這些變化可能會(huì)影響到你的遷移計(jì)劃。眍車花殞殉寨齡儉淥耆哧一、 安裝IIS 6.0板坤伯莰帽屁么殘畬嵫哨首先從最基本的說起吧。IIS 6.0包含在Wind

2、ows Server 2003服務(wù)器的四種版本之中:數(shù)據(jù)中心版,企業(yè)版,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版,Web版。另外,順便再回答一個(gè)最常見的IIS 6.0問題:IIS 6.0不能在Windows XP、2000或NT上運(yùn)行。 安裝好Windows 2003之后,馬上就可以看到Windows 2003/IIS 6.0的與眾不同之處,其中一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的變化是,除了Windows 2003 Web版之外,Windows 2003的其余版本默認(rèn)不再安裝IIS。按照微軟過去的理念,安裝操作系統(tǒng)的同時(shí)IIS也自動(dòng)啟動(dòng),為許多Web應(yīng)用提供服務(wù),Windows 2003的做法可謂一大突破。在Windows 2003中,安裝IIS有三

3、種途徑:利用“管理您的服務(wù)器”向?qū)?,利用控制面板“添加或刪除程序”的“添加/刪除Windows組件”功能,或者執(zhí)行無人值守安裝。韉汊英衛(wèi)桿輝踢待疔裾擔(dān)選擇“添加或刪除”角色,在“配置服務(wù)器”向?qū)е锌梢钥吹揭幌盗锌膳渲玫姆?wù)器角色,其中就有“應(yīng)用程序服務(wù)器(IIS,ASP.NET)”選項(xiàng),如圖二,選中該選項(xiàng)之后點(diǎn)擊“下一步”,向?qū)峁┝耸欠癜惭bASP.NET和Microsoft FrontPage服務(wù)器擴(kuò)展的選項(xiàng)??梢钥吹?,微軟在這里采用了一種新型的“安裝任何部件之前總是 征求用戶意見”的IIS安裝策略,對(duì)于微軟來說,這是一個(gè)徹底的轉(zhuǎn)變,證明微軟確實(shí)在認(rèn)真對(duì)待安全問題壕舍襦搖暉蕕盟淵擴(kuò)蜢耆摁遄俳

4、拿糗嫣蒸篆蘑逐虬使用控制面板中的“添加/刪除Windows組件”功能還要靈活一些。在向?qū)е羞x擇“應(yīng)用程序服務(wù)器”,再點(diǎn)擊“詳細(xì)信息”,向?qū)э@示出一系列組件的清單,其中就有“Internet信息服務(wù)(IIS)”選項(xiàng),還有一些選項(xiàng)是以前的“添加/刪除Windows組件”向?qū)]有提供的,表一概括比較了IIS 6.0和IIS 5.0 的主要組件。如果從這里安裝IIS 6.0,最后得到的Web服務(wù)器可能只支持靜態(tài)內(nèi)容(除非在安裝期間選中了某些擴(kuò)展組件)。選中Internet信息服務(wù)選項(xiàng),再點(diǎn)擊“詳細(xì)信息”,可以看到IIS 6.0的子組件 苓惟歙暴陋蛞勢(shì)世蚶腧簇表一:IIS6.0和IIS5.0組件比較 攬

5、閆羿醵續(xù)筧撲酌嶠繰哄IIS6.0 隼俄漆雒殿洗折閃虢蚤弭IIS5.0 劈舂筑杷簧袷閫蛭熔推錢應(yīng)用程序服務(wù)器 穡嘈氫鈍訂夔詒勸斤定疾Internet信息服務(wù) 瀏牘鴰巒墀閾薦傻普站晁應(yīng)用程序服務(wù)器控制臺(tái) 踏啪鐳紉結(jié)嚴(yán)財(cái)锨誕璇滸公用文件 拽鍬滸矸拚柒答鯨艸幡甄ASP.NET 奧飛櫨表逗示緬墳柢嘯脘文檔 穿汶瀋贛鏇苞喑郟恕澄脈啟用網(wǎng)絡(luò)COM+訪問 狻呔袁逄挽渫傅蟮乓至購(gòu)文件傳輸協(xié)議(FTP)服務(wù) 錳溫鍬突馨侈钷啜藹感若啟用網(wǎng)絡(luò)DTC訪問 欲祁糗中消爸徘啊嗩戇轂FrontPage2000服務(wù)器擴(kuò)展 楹舉臁脾擘掾栗稻褚念戛Internet信息服務(wù) 錒釁帔貧酌儈毛脂狄墼貼Internet信息服務(wù)管理單元 聃

6、氰恢鲺泠忤縭袞奢啞篆后臺(tái)智能傳送服務(wù)(BITS)服務(wù)器擴(kuò)展 崤賽降瀝聃顯堂邑髫羰嚇I(yè)nternet服務(wù)管理器(HTML) 轟摸汕解挨條蛻電膀風(fēng)職BITS管理控制臺(tái)管理單元 森卉樓蚯咿匆芹耷鈧命咋NNTP 窟儂脯懷攘榮攆活令聰奄BITS服務(wù)器擴(kuò)展ISAPI 錈踮栩阝攤濕倫嘣就匙膜SMTP 苞禿履郵熹粼賑頁(yè)邕駔惋公用文件 筱嗓庭底稹搋哐俞婆鄆煜萬維網(wǎng)服務(wù) 鋁檀敬嘆劌叟宛扌韓趾諢文件傳輸協(xié)議(FTP)服務(wù) 嚷惶裁下毹腕賅嗯惑醣曰 路阮榱刈濟(jì)琳除灃醋銬餾FrontPage2002服務(wù)器擴(kuò)展 懋吖西涂豆湊倜趕澀啦醫(yī) 惡唆陟年乾鱔橛捃十胖陸Internet信息服務(wù)管理器 轄錳胍營(yíng)氐腙賈詡銻擴(kuò)傺 鰨鋁桅嚀血

7、涎楓簣恨馮屐Internet打印 宅朔膳朱英鵓綿絹疑幛跪 儇敉醋竇很泡戌嶙苴娣縶NNTP服務(wù) 圊穹膏咽查賦極汰焦鬮鴯 玫隆葫涅嘯仔憲娉碌鴕奩SMTP服務(wù) 茁嘬楗攸棠肯抱采榀補(bǔ)構(gòu) 躉嗝音敞溪卵匯劁徠燕汆萬維網(wǎng)服務(wù) 秒申鵲佰錯(cuò)螯餅郇博酏莛 婚鏢熳崠紼鹋棄痹吩禁褲表一 IIS 6.0 和 IIS 5.0的 比 較符鍺暉縶決畹鮞璋墟嵫諷另外,在IIS 5.0的IISHelp虛擬目錄中有一些錯(cuò)誤處理頁(yè)面,這些錯(cuò)誤處理頁(yè)面以ASP的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)。如果你要用到定制的(或者修改過的)幫助文件、錯(cuò)誤處理頁(yè)面,在IIS 6.0網(wǎng)站上必須自己創(chuàng)建該目錄。詔馬申徊檣鮭甭岣瑭任桃進(jìn)一步分析IIS 6.0的子組件清單,可以發(fā)

8、現(xiàn):原來在IIS 5.0和IIS 4.0中默認(rèn)安裝的Internet服務(wù)管理器(ISM)已經(jīng)不見了。但是,如果你點(diǎn)擊“萬維網(wǎng)服務(wù)”,再點(diǎn)擊“詳細(xì)信息”,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)IIS 6.0的萬維網(wǎng)服務(wù)還有子組件,其中包括原來的Internet服務(wù)器管理器,不過現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)改名為“遠(yuǎn)程管理(HTML)”;還有Windows 2003和XP版本的終端服務(wù)高級(jí)客戶端(TSAC)現(xiàn)在它叫做“遠(yuǎn)程桌面Web連接”?,F(xiàn)在,我們不僅可以方便地添加或刪除這兩個(gè)子組件,對(duì)其他子組件也一樣,包括:ASP,Internet數(shù)據(jù)連接器,在服務(wù)器端的包含文件,WebDAV發(fā)布,當(dāng)然還有萬維網(wǎng)服務(wù)。蒜刈餾干卡鋝錳閏澄狩怵安裝IIS 6.0

9、的最后一種方式是無人值守安裝。和以前一樣,這仍舊是唯一一種能夠?qū)⒐ぞ吆湍J(rèn)Web網(wǎng)站安裝到其他驅(qū)動(dòng)器(而不是系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)器)的安裝方式。Windows 2003無人值守安裝方式大體上仍和Win 2K一樣,都是用Sysocmgr和一個(gè)應(yīng)答文件實(shí)施安裝。當(dāng)然,新的特性需要新的參數(shù)、選項(xiàng),有關(guān)這方面的詳細(xì)說明,可以在Windows 2003 Release Candidate 2 (RC2)找到。鑰嬈味嗬砷碰廬冠館夸憋如果將IIS 5.0或IIS 4.0服務(wù)器升級(jí)到Windows 2003,IIS 6.0不會(huì)被設(shè)置成自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)。也就是說,如果采用升級(jí)的方式安裝,IIS 6.0默認(rèn)是禁用的,除非遇到下列情況

10、之一:尉盾嚳雄壺鑠緲吝詼侈舂 以前的IIS服務(wù)器上已經(jīng)安裝了IIS Lockdown工具。壇菌槊穰統(tǒng)上欣限酸額默 存在注冊(cè)子鍵 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesW3SVCRetainW3SVCStatus,且它包含一個(gè)任意的注冊(cè)鍵。例如,你可以創(chuàng)建一個(gè)名為EnableIIS6的鍵,設(shè)定它的值為DWORD類型的1。湍散安曩鐺納陡乓驅(qū)棗獐 在無人值守的升級(jí)安裝中,應(yīng)答文件的InternetServer部分存在DisableWebServiceOnUpgrade = True/False條目。後攪慝張呋拊畜柔鏗滓諑二、支持服務(wù)悌衄稠爵

11、摹捉莧敗映諛薪自IIS 6.0發(fā)布以來,它的某些新特性一直是人們關(guān)注和議論的焦點(diǎn),成為眾人矚目的明星,但另一些Internet支持服務(wù)雖然不是經(jīng)常有人說起,卻同樣值得關(guān)注,其中之一就是POP3服務(wù)和POP3服務(wù)Web管理器。我們無從得知微軟為何不在“應(yīng)用程序服務(wù)器”組件清單中列出POP3服務(wù),但是繼SMTP服務(wù)之后(SMTP服務(wù)隨同POP3服務(wù)一起安裝),管理員們盼望POP3服務(wù)已經(jīng)很久了,他們一直在期盼著用一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的POP3服務(wù)來替代龐大的Microsoft Exchange Server。紈癟楹藥鰻薤荀墓薜片洼統(tǒng)一描述、發(fā)現(xiàn)和集成協(xié)議(Universal Description, Disc

12、overy, and Integration,即UDDI)服務(wù)是Windows 2003提供的又一種新的功能,它也與IIS有關(guān),但默認(rèn)不安裝(注意,Windows 2003 Web版不能安裝UDDI)。UDDI是一種產(chǎn)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(即不是微軟的發(fā)明),能夠通過廣告發(fā)布IIS服務(wù)器提供的Web服務(wù)這里“廣告”一詞的含義與日常生活中的廣告不同,它是指一種讓客戶程序(通常是Web瀏覽器)獲知Web服務(wù)(通常是ASP.NET應(yīng)用)各種細(xì)節(jié)的方式。UDDI仍在發(fā)展之中,但一些企業(yè)已經(jīng)在內(nèi)部采用UDDI,以便開發(fā)者將自己的代碼發(fā)布給其他協(xié)作開發(fā)的人。郗美當(dāng)艦餒幻涫菔餐圍蝕最后一種重要的支持服務(wù)是后臺(tái)智能傳送服務(wù)

13、,即 Background Intelligent Transfer Service或BITS。BITS是一種后臺(tái)文件傳輸機(jī)制和隊(duì)列管理器,也稱作節(jié)流傳輸服務(wù)。BITS控制文件請(qǐng)求,減少帶寬消耗并改善最終用戶的體驗(yàn)。針對(duì)IIS啟用BITS可保證Web服務(wù)器的服務(wù)質(zhì)量,如果沒有BITS,當(dāng)100個(gè)用戶同時(shí)下載一個(gè)500 MB的文件,服務(wù)器的帶寬可能就被消耗殆盡,導(dǎo)致其他訪問Web服務(wù)的用戶頻繁地遇到超時(shí)錯(cuò)誤。如果BITS就象廣告說的那樣有效,可以料想它將是一種非常實(shí)用的服務(wù)。Windows 2003發(fā)布之后,按照計(jì)劃,BITS還將移植到Win2K上。神癬暮仕淦豬水槳鋃繼募三、全新的內(nèi)核 編觜坡殖

14、馕髻豳示鈕汀淵從體系結(jié)構(gòu)上看,IIS 5.0和IIS 4.0其實(shí)是一樣的:它們都是在用戶模式下運(yùn)行的發(fā)布Web內(nèi)容的應(yīng)用程序,或者在Inetinfo進(jìn)程之內(nèi)以System帳戶運(yùn)行,或者在Inetinfo進(jìn)程之外以IWAM用戶運(yùn)行。雖然在較重的負(fù)載下,IIS 5.0也有相當(dāng)出色的表現(xiàn);不過從IIS 6.0開始,我們對(duì)IIS底層結(jié)構(gòu)的看法應(yīng)該改變了。為了使IIS不僅能夠輕松地支持1000個(gè)Web網(wǎng)站,而且能夠支持10000個(gè)甚至更多的網(wǎng)站,同時(shí)還要提高Web服務(wù)器的安全性和可靠性,微軟放棄了原有的IIS內(nèi)核,重新構(gòu)造了一個(gè)。斥糶轱凼炯鑲服訶體涼妹另一個(gè)促使微軟重新構(gòu)建IIS內(nèi)核的原因是,微軟(以及

15、其他廠商)認(rèn)識(shí)到,Web服務(wù)器的性能和可靠性問題絕大部分是由于質(zhì)量低劣的Web應(yīng)用造成。IIS 5.0通過帶緩沖池的Out of Process容器減輕這類問題。在IIS 5.0中,在Out of Process池中運(yùn)行的應(yīng)用一旦崩潰,一般不會(huì)波及到IIS本身,因?yàn)閼?yīng)用程序在Inetinfo之外的進(jìn)程中運(yùn)行,但運(yùn)行在Out of Process池之內(nèi)的所有Web應(yīng)用都會(huì)終止在默認(rèn)情況下,所有的應(yīng)用程序都在該池之中運(yùn)行。在這種情況下,排解故障很不容易,因?yàn)橐_定哪一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序?qū)е铝藛栴}非常困難。IIS 6.0將監(jiān)聽請(qǐng)求、創(chuàng)建和監(jiān)視Web網(wǎng)站、運(yùn)行Web服務(wù)這些不同的任務(wù)隔離了開來,這一新型體系可

16、望解決IIS 5.0存在的問題。從理論上看,新的體系將極大地改善可用性、安全和性能;從實(shí)際情況看,根據(jù)微軟和Beta測(cè)試者的報(bào)告,新的體系令穩(wěn)定性和性能有了奇跡般地提高。IIS 6.0的內(nèi)核體系主要建立在三個(gè)組件之上:W3SVC,http.sys,以及W3Core。籃燦鈑狍椿詡踅鏌盲撲橥 W3SVC昭衾絞家陀評(píng)準(zhǔn)乒喲趴庭 W3SVC也許是IIS 6.0體系中最不令人注意的組件,不過這并不說明它不重要。W3SVC的任務(wù)是根據(jù)配置數(shù)據(jù)的設(shè)置創(chuàng)建和監(jiān)視工作線程,由工作線程運(yùn)行Web網(wǎng)站應(yīng)用。在IIS 5.0中,與IIS 6.0 W3SVC組件最接近的是IIS管理服務(wù),IIS管理服務(wù)是Inetinfo

17、的一部分;滁鲺琛洶幄銹飆鄧刻漪條因此,如果Inetinfo出現(xiàn)問題,IIS管理服務(wù)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)問題,而且此時(shí)的IIS管理服務(wù)不能再重新啟動(dòng)Inetinfo或其他故障的應(yīng)用程序。在IIS 6.0中,W3SVC作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立的進(jìn)程運(yùn)行,Web應(yīng)用的故障不可能波及W3SVC,因?yàn)閃3SVC之內(nèi)根本沒有第三方的代碼運(yùn)行。W3SVC總是處于運(yùn)行狀態(tài),因此它能夠監(jiān)視Web應(yīng)用的健康狀況,并在必要時(shí)采取行動(dòng)。由于這一策略,服務(wù)器能夠根據(jù)用戶指定的參數(shù)監(jiān)視和重新啟動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序。氌捫判綠鰻墮勘百繁橙己 http.sys 湔販霹柱競(jìng)緗丶棱絞立讕IIS 6.0體系設(shè)計(jì)中最重大的變化是加入了http.sys驅(qū)動(dòng)程序,http

18、.sys驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的任務(wù)是處理HTTP請(qǐng)求,而且它在內(nèi)核模式下執(zhí)行操作。不要小看這一改變,將處理HTTP請(qǐng)求的任務(wù)從IIS 5.0、IIS 4.0的用戶模式改變到IIS 6.0的內(nèi)核模式標(biāo)志著亂淮鶬IS服務(wù)器的誕生。尖隸賭修鷗始堯喝郎刃期在Win 2K和NT 4.0中,IIS在用戶模式下運(yùn)行。運(yùn)行在用戶模式下的應(yīng)用程序不直接與硬件通信,它們直接調(diào)用的是一些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)過程,這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)過程或者將數(shù)據(jù)傳入內(nèi)核模式的組件(例如網(wǎng)卡驅(qū)動(dòng)程序,圖形子系統(tǒng)),或者調(diào)用內(nèi)核模式組件的函數(shù),以此完成保存文件、設(shè)置IP地址、將HTML文件發(fā)送到網(wǎng)絡(luò)之類的任務(wù)。 碌暮舸胨匏涮褂喧詰犯銷用戶模式和內(nèi)核模式之間的轉(zhuǎn)換是一項(xiàng)開銷很

19、大的操作,服務(wù)器首先從內(nèi)核模式的TCP/IP棧將傳入的HTTP請(qǐng)求傳遞給用戶模式的Winsock,由Winsock將請(qǐng)求傳遞給IIS。從內(nèi)核模式到用戶模式的切換很快發(fā)生,但不可避免地給處理過程帶來瞬間的延遲。當(dāng)負(fù)載較大時(shí),這種延遲不斷累加,同時(shí)由于這種轉(zhuǎn)換是必不可少的,所以管理員根本沒有辦法優(yōu)化處理過程。膨蚯翕解種街撲裴摒彗峁四、應(yīng)用程序池詳解灤鋯馓恐嘔護(hù)錕萎萬擋邃下面來看看有關(guān)應(yīng)用程序池的一些問題。應(yīng)用程序池的“屬性”對(duì)話框有四頁(yè)回收,性能,運(yùn)行狀況,標(biāo)識(shí)。在這些選項(xiàng)頁(yè)中,最引人注目的恐怕就是“回收”頁(yè),使用該選項(xiàng)頁(yè)可以管理工作進(jìn)程的回收。在工作進(jìn)程隔離模式中, IIS可以配置成定期重新啟動(dòng)

20、應(yīng)用程序池中的工作進(jìn)程,從而更好地管理那些有錯(cuò)誤的工作進(jìn)程。這確保了池中的應(yīng)用程序運(yùn)行正常,并且可以恢復(fù)丟失的系統(tǒng)資源。為了回收工作進(jìn)程,失敗工作進(jìn)程接收請(qǐng)求的能力將被限制,直到它處理完存儲(chǔ)在請(qǐng)求隊(duì)列中的所有剩余請(qǐng)求。為了排出當(dāng)前請(qǐng)求,可以給予進(jìn)程配置限制。同一命名空間組的替換工作進(jìn)程在舊的工作進(jìn)程停止前啟動(dòng),從而防止服務(wù)中斷。舊的進(jìn)程完成其未決的請(qǐng)求,然后正常關(guān)閉,或者如果在達(dá)到了配置的時(shí)間限制、請(qǐng)求數(shù)、設(shè)置的時(shí)間計(jì)劃,或當(dāng)達(dá)到指定的內(nèi)存用量限制后仍沒有關(guān)閉,則明確地終止進(jìn)程。默認(rèn)情況下,應(yīng)用程序池每隔1740分鐘(29小時(shí))回收一次。礬賚譙撻凵青滕揖趴綏翅W3SVC根據(jù)“運(yùn)行狀況”頁(yè)的選項(xiàng)

21、來判斷應(yīng)用程序池運(yùn)行是否正常,包括:每隔指定的時(shí)間Ping工作進(jìn)程,時(shí)間按秒計(jì),默認(rèn)值30秒;啟動(dòng)時(shí)間限制(工作進(jìn)程必須在指定的時(shí)間內(nèi)開始);關(guān)閉時(shí)間限制(工作進(jìn)程必須在指定的時(shí)間內(nèi)關(guān)閉);是否啟動(dòng)快速失敗保護(hù)(如果在指定的時(shí)間段內(nèi)一定數(shù)目的工作進(jìn)程發(fā)生失敗,則禁用應(yīng)用程序池)。另外,ISAPI應(yīng)用程序(包括ASP.NET和asp.dll)可以聲明自己不再適合提供服務(wù),要求回收。迂豢煦髭艴冥暮漳蜒農(nóng)萘默認(rèn)情況下,當(dāng)IIS 6.0回收一個(gè)池時(shí),它會(huì)使用一種稱為overlapped recycle的回收技術(shù)。在這種回收模式下,失敗的工作進(jìn)程仍會(huì)保持運(yùn)行狀態(tài),同時(shí)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的工作進(jìn)程。IIS 6.0

22、把新傳入的請(qǐng)求傳遞給新的工作進(jìn)程,但不拆除老的工作進(jìn)程,直至老的工作進(jìn)程處理完它隊(duì)列中的請(qǐng)求,或者遇到超時(shí)錯(cuò)誤。在此期間,TCP/IP連接不會(huì)丟失,因?yàn)橛衕ttp.sys保持著連接的有效性。當(dāng)失敗的工作進(jìn)程超時(shí)出錯(cuò)時(shí),下一個(gè)請(qǐng)求傳遞給工作進(jìn)程的請(qǐng)求是新的請(qǐng)求,因此原來保存在進(jìn)程中的會(huì)話信息就會(huì)丟失。所有這類回收操作都自動(dòng)進(jìn)行,無需管理員干預(yù),而且在大多數(shù)情況下,不會(huì)造成明顯的服務(wù)中斷現(xiàn)象。如有必要,可以將配置數(shù)據(jù)屬性LogEventOnRecycle的值設(shè)置為1,指示W(wǎng)3SVC執(zhí)行回收操作時(shí)生成一條事件日志記錄。緘臾車鈞罷墨析槿甬際鑼對(duì)于那些不能以多個(gè)實(shí)例運(yùn)行的應(yīng)用程序,overlapped

23、recycle回收技術(shù)可能引起問題。如果遇到這類問題,可以將配置數(shù)據(jù)屬性DissallowOverlappingRotation的值設(shè)置成True(1),關(guān)閉某個(gè)應(yīng)用程序池回收操作時(shí)的進(jìn)程“重疊”現(xiàn)象。另外,對(duì)于失敗的工作進(jìn)程,有時(shí)我們可能不想將它拆除,仍舊保留該進(jìn)程,以便檢測(cè)和尋找發(fā)生問題的根源,這時(shí)可以將配置數(shù)據(jù)屬性O(shè)rphanActionExe設(shè)置成執(zhí)行文件的名字,使得工作進(jìn)程成為“孤兒”時(shí)執(zhí)行文件仍保持運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。窟諛屜授港桑咎媚琺匠珞另一個(gè)與應(yīng)用程序池有關(guān)的特性是,IIS 6.0允許將應(yīng)用程序池配置成一個(gè)Web園(Web Garden)。要理解Web園的概念,可以設(shè)想這樣一種情形:假設(shè)

24、有一個(gè)IIS 5.0服務(wù)器和三個(gè)Web網(wǎng)站,每一個(gè)Web網(wǎng)站運(yùn)行著相同的應(yīng)用程序,如果IIS 5.0能夠自動(dòng)按照?qǐng)A形循環(huán)的模式將請(qǐng)求依次發(fā)送給這些功能上等價(jià)、實(shí)際上分離的Web網(wǎng)站,將負(fù)載分離到三個(gè)不同的進(jìn)程,就可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)小型的Web農(nóng)場(chǎng)(Web Farm)這就是Web園。溝充沈獰幘訓(xùn)骼譎衫棕瞄曛浸聽堆將慰甓街髕姐廒闖繼烴眨晉怪隔澠緞切彀爹倦溫焚鄲苯阡魯擁憲捂萁轄璜遺核昧抄瘼奈碼娣IIS 6.0 thorough grasp and application of functional Comments喔勰嚙目瘦縛脎鄣謎刪便IIS 6.0 on the untold story, if you

25、 have IIS technically investment IIS 6.0 is a moving, not listening to the non-topic. In view of previous versions of IIS 6.0 and the difference is so large that only difficult exhaustive article, This paper discusses why the IIS 6.0 installed. Architecture as well as the difference between architec

26、ture and bring new services, Then an article under IIS 6.0 on the new features - some of which you may have never heard, Another tacit approval of the allocation of some important changes, which may affect your migration plans.誤瞳攪窩堤惑垂樂穢鈥肝1.installed IIS 6.0 錈稼坎竇嘁而碟漯咿莢煜Speaking from the basics right

27、first. IIS 6.0 on Windows Server 2003 server includes among four versions : Data Center Edition, Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, Web Edition. In addition, the most common way to answer a question : IIS 6.0 IIS 6.0 on Windows XP,2000 not operate their own encoding. Installed Windows 2003, we ca

28、n immediately see the distinguished feature of Windows 2003/IIS 6.0. One of the key changes is that, in addition to Windows 2003 Web Edition, Windows 2003 version of the rest of acquiescence is no longer installed IIS. According to Microsoft, the idea of the past, while IIS installed operating syste

29、ms are automatically activated. Web services for many applications, the Windows 2003 is a major breakthrough. In Windows 2003, IIS installed in three ways : You manage the server guide use control panel to add or delete procedures, the Add / remove Windows components function, Unattended installatio

30、n or implementation. 毯面判天憤稍麼紈磬揩塹Choose Add or delete role server can be seen in a series of guides can be configured server role which include application servers (IIS, ASP) option, as illustrated in figure 2. After clicking on the option selected next step NET provides a guide to whether or not to

31、install Microsoft FrontPage server extension and option. We can see that Microsoft used in a new type of always seek the views of users before installing any components IIS installation strategy For Microsoft, this is a radical change to prove that Microsoft is indeed a serious attitude toward secur

32、ity issues 強(qiáng)怫城叱廢楗機(jī)肽順蝕鬧Use the Control Panel Add / remove Windows components function, but also flexible. Guide in choosing application servers and then click on detailed information. The guide shows a series of components list which include Internet Information Service (IIS) option. Some choice befo

33、re the Add / remove Windows components failed to provide guides, Table 1 summarizes the comparison of the main components of IIS 6.0 and IIS 5.0. IIS 6.0 installed from here. Finally the device may only support static Web content (unless some expansion of selected components during installation). In

34、ternet information service option selected, and then click on detailed information. 罰劾醫(yī)煅曹搴返喈印芫氖Table 1 : Comparison of IIS 6.0 and IIS 5.0 components今遲邯鍋趙賤禚毿底八拐IIS6.0 誥呼檗堞悃匚賂癩澍矸著IIS5.0 鬈翳坶甲餛蘋蹄糠纂喉室Application Server 蟛葦啾抹遣贛啞罾萵挾酩Internet Information Service鳴防擷癥熊丈胸敬駕苞靈Console Application Server 叩摘她噬糴鲅熔渦

35、耿軻核Public documents孰顰螻哀鱈塑已即核峒逾ASP.NET 饔粟盛碌饒狹礓芳翌仄艘document鶼荃鋁鬯花侃舫要叻鷗眺Visit open network COM + 筮錙古倚杞兩廊偃棕赦澳FTP Servic俚玷鎪培分旅嚇懇凸肯鏢DTC visit to the opening of the network 玎尻窗穎雍勤鰥思桉埯咄FrontPage2000 Server expansion 睢蚣颶投吭胤棖縉前羚函Internet Information Service 杭骺槎相屺肺簋氨嗵俏撂Internet nformation Services Unit 投皤溝垂患漢黷榧

36、摔井棒Intelligent background transmission services (BITS) server extension 垛簫騫錫鈿躔磕懷澡鷸騎Internet Server Manager (HTML)篋蹇碌撖瀑俘竣唉旅房繼BITS Management Console management module蒿皎甙足瀑酢噘裱販緇酡NNTP 然臆休墮策佰岈較寮纖烊BITS Server ISAPI extension畦膜哥鍋憨坭菅蘆劃乓鐘SMTP 攢拔臨鹿危鼾媲表縹射盧Public documents 摹嗷稽捋哎皈犬嘵學(xué)共銑Web services 暾瓴飚淌舊屯踝靴燹窺茳FT

37、P servic 帆籜溜鷗拎鐳鄆綠蕩琳利 瀘踔饞畹攵醞芻嘣襁密喇FrontPage2002 Server expansion岷粱琛副瓔龍焊臺(tái)紹甫籜 聆巴匝繹黟撕煎爛旗零恿Internet Information Services Manager 上悄芪渝獲摶苊珉廈蜮其 錛勐得彡啷姒悸敏檔腳淦InternetPrint 薰撖岸戀褫壺引坂涵紺際 哧勃氙放意孱箍箸誣輅潿NNTP Servic 佛喃隙侍芡謔艙達(dá)鉑林計(jì) 吒獬搬疹碉村浜艤砣叢股SMTP Servic 怔徂珉跫五溜蕪撿啼泛膿 寂概賒巾鈿奕醺穆趲膊緙WWWServic 鈍烤惰湊緩駛鍍碓隧胎坶 庚齠嘩諺需怊腳眵卯端技 Table 1 than

38、in IIS 6.0 and IIS 5.0 酩濮鈹主敗吉昵袤燙典紋In addition, IIS 5.0 IISHelp there is something wrong with handling virtual catalog page. ASP pages to the wrong address these means. If you had to use customization (or modified) to help document handling error page. IIS 6.0 on the website must create its own list.

39、 Further analysis of the sub-components of IIS 6.0 list can be found : IIS 5.0 and IIS 4.0, which originally acquiescence in the installation of Internet Service Management (ISM) has disappeared. However, if you click the Web services and then click on detailed information. IIS 6.0 can be found on t

40、he World Wide Web services still sub-components. These include the original Internet Server Manager. But now been renamed as remote management (HTML); There versions of Windows 2003 and XP Terminal Service Senior Client (TSAC) - now it is called do Remote Desktop Web links. Now, we can easily add or

41、 delete these two sub-components, sub-components on the other the same, including : ASP, Internet data connector, which contains documents on the server side, DAV publication. Of course there is a Web server.支囪腥嘛氮殉擯鄣珠勞菥Finally a way to install IIS 6.0 installation is unmanned. And before, it is stil

42、l only a tool and acquiescence can be installed to other Web Driver (rather than system actuators) installation method. Still largely unattended installation of Windows 2003 and Windows 2000 server, Sysocmgr been used in the installation and implementation of a response document. Of course, the need

43、 for a new characteristic parameter choice, the details in this regard, in Windows 2003 Release Candidate 2 (RC2) to find If IIS 5.0 or IIS 4.0 will upgrade to Windows Server 2003. IIS 6.0 will be installed as automatic failover. In other words, if the installation of the upgrade, IIS 6.0 acquiescen

44、ce is banned, except under the following circumstances : appropri previous IIS server has been installed on IIS Lockdown tool. Key elements exist HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurre registered 2 ntControlSetServicesW3SVCRetainW3SVCS tatus, and it contains an arbitrary registration key. For example, you ca

45、n establish a bond EnableIIS6 known, it set the DWORD value for the type of one. 3. Escalation in the installation of unattended, InternetServer part of the response document exists DisableWebServi ceOnUpgrade = True/False entries.重訣釬橥瑜蕤絳妨畛逐雀If IIS 5.0 or IIS 4.0 will upgrade to Windows Server 2003.

46、 IIS 6.0 will be installed as automatic failover. In other words, if the installation of the upgrade, IIS 6.0 acquiescence is banned, except under the following circumstances :惶辨旎脫迪蝓假鰨蟄源彪 (1). Appropri previous IIS server has been installed on IIS Lockdown tool.烈賓縞銅極霾赤鏢敘芙邇(2). Key elements exist reg

47、istered HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentC ontrolSetServicesW3SVCRetainW3SVCStat us, and it contains an arbitrary registration key. For example, you can establish a bond EnableIIS6 known, it set the DWORD value for the type 1 .饑畫卉胺嫫蚯李宦狠毳簇(3).Escalation in the installation of unattended, InternetServer

48、 part of the response document exists DisableWebServi ceOnUpgrade = True/False entries.覽烴饌泗考芙冰淡蘋後粹2.the support services軸揩爭(zhēng)柏垂堯尼胨膿潛票IIS 6.0 has been released since, it has some new features, and became the focus of peoples attention. become the focus of everyones attention to the stars, but some othe

49、r Internet services, although not often talked about. equally worthy of attention, one of which was the POP3 and POP3 services for the management of Web services. We have no idea why Microsoft is not application server POP3 services components included in the list. But after following SMTP (SMTP POP

50、3 services accompanying installing) POP3 service managers have long looked forward to, They have been looking forward to a simple POP3 services to replace the huge Microsoft Excha alleges Server. 君褐稔偏沙汩酉沸添嵋蘅Unified Description, Discovery and Integration protocol (Universal Description, Discovery, an

51、d Integration. that UDDI) service is also provided by a new Windows 2003 functional, it is also the IIS. But acquiescence is not installed (Note that Windows 2003 Web Edition can not be installed UDDI). UDDI is an industry standard (that is, not Microsofts invention). IIS server through the Web adve

52、rtisement is published here - advertisement and the meaning of the word daily The advertisement, It is a means to allow customers to process (usually a Web browser) Web informed (usually should ASP.NET use) all the details of the way. UDDI is still evolving, but some enterprises have to adopt UDDI.

53、in order to develop their own code will be issued to other collaborating in the development of the people. 菩甬虧隍杌烏瑚鄲賒剝劫Finally, the support services are important background intelligent transmission services. Background Intelligent Transfer Service or that BI TS. BITS is a background file transfer me

54、chanism and queue manager, also known as cutting expenditure transmission services. BITS control document request, reducing bandwidth consumption and improve the end user experience. IIS Web server against opening BITS can guarantee the quality of service, if not BITS. When downloading a 500 MB 100

55、simultaneous document server bandwidth may be depleted. lead to other users visit Web overtime frequently encountered errors. If BITS as effective as the advertisements say, we can expect it will be a very useful service. Windows 2003 release, according to plan, will be transplanted to Probe on BITS

56、. 縵梅巍譽(yù)扳膪楊戧窺娟瀅3. New kernel洎迫柞縋楣枘蚶謙耄卑曾From the system structure, IIS 5.0 and IIS 4.0 is the same : They are issued in user mode of operation of Web applications, Inetinfo process or operation within a System account. Inetinfo IWAM user to process or operation. Although the heavier load, and there are

57、 also quite remarkable performance IIS 5.0; But from IIS 6.0, We should change the structure of the bottom of the IIS. To not only be able to easily support 1,000 IIS Web. Moreover, the website can support 10,000 or more, and also to enhance the safety and reliability of Web Server, Microsoft IIS to

58、 abandon the original kernel. a re-configurable. 魅溆愕馳芑訪念辮碌吵霸Another re-building to promote Microsoft IIS core reason is that Microsoft (and other companies) understand that Web server performance and reliability problems are mostly due to the poor quality of the resulting Web application. IIS 5.0 Out of the pool through the buffer zone Process containers

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