基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)Iunit14words

1、1. accompany v. 1）happen or exist at the same time as 伴隨；與同時(shí)發(fā)生 strong winds accompanied by heavy rain 狂風(fēng)夾著暴雨2）(formal)to travel or go somewhere with sb 陪同；陪伴e.g. His wife accompanied him on the trip. 那次旅行他由妻子陪同。2. artificial: adj. 1) not natural 非自然形成的; 人造的； 虛假的2)（行為）虛偽的；矯揉造作的3.assume v. suppose 假設(shè)，

2、假定，假想Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds.咱們暫時(shí)假設(shè)計(jì)劃成功。e.g.4.attendance n. 1) the act of being present, esp. regularly 出席；參加；到場(chǎng)Teachers must keep a record of students attendances.老師必須記錄學(xué)生的出勤情況。2) 出席人數(shù)There was an attendance of 31 at the meeting.有31人參加了會(huì)議。e.g.e.g.5. body n. 1)a large amoun

3、t or collection of sth. 大量；大批；大堆 of sth. abody of evidence/information/research大量證據(jù)/信息/研究2)身體，軀體bodybuilding健美/健身運(yùn)動(dòng)bodylanguage體態(tài)語(yǔ)言6. capacity: n. 1） sb.s ability or power to do sth. 能力，才能creative capacity 創(chuàng)造能力2）role; a particular position or duty 職位；職責(zé)，身份，資格e.g.He said that in the capacity as mayor

4、.他是以市長(zhǎng)的身份說(shuō)那番話的。3) 容量；容積The seating capacity of this theatre is 500.該劇院有500個(gè)座位。7. competence n. the ability and skill to do sth. what is needed 技能，本領(lǐng)； 能力，勝任professional/technical competence專業(yè)/技術(shù)能力competent adj. 有能力的，稱職的8. contact n. 1) sb. one knows in a position to be of help熟人 （尤指）社會(huì)關(guān)系Hes made some

5、 useful contacts in journalism.我在新聞界結(jié)交了一些有用的人。2) the act of communicating with sb, especially regularly（尤指經(jīng) 常的）聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)I finallymade contact with her in Paris.我最終在巴黎與她取得了聯(lián)系。v. 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)絡(luò)（如用電話或信件） Ive been trying to contact you all day. 我整天一直在設(shè)法與你聯(lián)系。e.g.e.g. As soon as the singer sang a very beautiful song,

6、the cultivated audience stood up, cheering and clapping their hands.9. cultivated: adj. 1) showing good education, manners, etc. 有教養(yǎng)的；有修養(yǎng)的；舉止文雅的 cultivated fields2) (ofland土地)usedtogrowcrops用于耕作的e.g.cultivated mushrooms3) 栽培的，培植的10. diction n. choice and use of words and phrases in speech and writin

7、g 措辭；用詞 發(fā)音Her manner and diction were always faultless.她的風(fēng)度舉止、遣詞用字總是無(wú)可挑剔。e.g.dictionary n. 詞典11. discipline n. the practice of making people obey rules and orders, or the controlled situation that results from this practice 紀(jì)律，訓(xùn)練The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.這所學(xué)校因紀(jì)律嚴(yán)格而

8、名聞遐邇v. 訓(xùn)練；訓(xùn)導(dǎo)；管教 oneself自我控制；嚴(yán)格要求（自己）e.g. 12. efficiency: n. the state or quality of being working well and without waster 效率；效能；功效e.g. Weweremostimpressedwithyourefficiency.你的效率給我們留下很深刻的印象。efficient: adj.Antonym: inefficiency13. endeavor n. an attempt or effort, esp. to do sth. new or difficult 努力，盡

9、力 vi. (fml) try very hard, strive 嘗試，試圖Our endeavor was valuable.我們的努力是有價(jià)值的！e.g.We always endeavor to please our customers.我們總是盡力滿足顧客。14. inconsiderable: adj. very small 微小的； 不值得考慮的； 無(wú)足輕重的not inconsiderable (formal) 巨大的；值得重視的e.g. We have spent a not inconsiderable amount of money on the project alre

10、ady. 我們已經(jīng)在這一項(xiàng)目上投入了一筆相當(dāng)大的資金。antonym: considerable 15. indispensable adj. that is too important to live without不可或缺的；必不可少的She made herself indispensable to the department.她成為這個(gè)部門不可缺少的一分子.Syn. essentiale.g. 16. induce: vt. 1) bring about; give rise to 引起；引發(fā)；導(dǎo)致2) 勸說(shuō)；誘使The medicine will induce sleep.這種藥使

11、人入睡。I would do anything to induce them to stay.我會(huì)想盡一切辦法勸他們留下來(lái)。Derivation:inducement: n. 勸誘，刺激17. institution n. 1) a habit, custom, etc. that has been in existence for a long time （由來(lái)已久的）風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，制度the institution of marriage婚姻制度aneducational/financial, etc. institution教育、金融等機(jī)構(gòu)3） 慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，社會(huì)福利機(jī)構(gòu)2) 機(jī)構(gòu)18. out

12、standing adj. extremely good 優(yōu)秀的；杰出的；出色的an outstanding player/achievement杰出的運(yùn)動(dòng)員/成績(jī)19. philosopher n. sb,. who studies and develops ideas about the nature meaning of existence, reality, knowledge, goodness, etc. 哲學(xué)家, 深思的人；善于思考的人philosophy n. 哲學(xué)philosophical adj. 哲學(xué)的philosophize v. 使哲學(xué)化，用哲學(xué)推究20. preci

13、sion n. exactness 精確；準(zhǔn)確；細(xì)致 He chose his words with precision .他用詞確切。e.g. adj.精確的，準(zhǔn)確的21. prose n. written language in its usual form, as different from poetry 散文22.refined adj. 1) showing, or intending to show education, and gentleness of manners 有禮貌的；優(yōu)雅的；有教養(yǎng)的2) 精煉的；提純的；精制的refined sugar/oil精制糖/提煉過(guò)的石油

14、refined and gentle manners 溫文爾雅的舉止refine vt. 凈化，精練refinement n. 精練，文雅，提純23. scholarship n. 1）the knowledge, work, or method of a scholar 學(xué)問(wèn)；學(xué)術(shù)；學(xué)術(shù)研究Hewenttodramaschoolonascholarship.他靠獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金上了戲劇學(xué)校。2）獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金a magnificent work of scholarship學(xué)術(shù)巨著24. slovenliness n. the state or quality of being not concerned a

15、bout conventional standards of personal hygiene and tidiness 臟亂，不修邊幅The slovenliness of our language makes it easier for us to have foolish thoughts.我們語(yǔ)言的混亂使用是我們更容易產(chǎn)生一些愚蠢的想法。e.g. 25. superficial: adj. 1） on the surface 表面的；淺表的 A superficial wound is not serious. 表面的傷不太嚴(yán)重。2) 膚淺的，淺薄的；缺乏深度的She has a su

16、perficial knowledge of the language.她對(duì)這種語(yǔ)言僅略知一二。e.g. e.g. superficiality n. 表面性的事物，淺薄，膚淺superficially adv. 表面地，淺薄地26. trait n. a particular quality in sbs character 性格，品質(zhì)，特質(zhì)Two traits in the American character are generosity and energy.美國(guó)人性格的兩大特點(diǎn)是豪爽和充滿活力。e.g. 27. unconscious a. not knowing about sth

17、. 不知道的，未覺察的， 未意識(shí)到的He was quite unconscious of the danger.他絲毫沒有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。unconsciously adv. 無(wú)意地，不知不覺地unconsciousness n. 處于失去知覺的狀態(tài)e.g. 28. variously adv. in all kinds of ways or at different times 各種各樣地，不同地various adj. 各種各樣的variety n. 多樣化，各種各樣的事物29. visionary a. existing only in sbs mind and unlikely to e

18、ver exist in the real world 空想的，幻想的Mary is a visionary girl; she spends her time daydreaming.瑪麗是個(gè)好幻想的女孩，她常把時(shí)間消磨于做白日夢(mèng)。e.g. n. 空想家，占卜者30. vulgarity: n. the state or quality of being impolite and showing bad manners 庸俗； 粗俗；粗野的行為Derivations:vulgar adj 粗俗的，庸俗的vulgarize: v. 使庸俗vulgarization: n 庸俗化e.g. I hate the vulgarity of this room. 我討厭這個(gè)房間的庸俗勁兒。1. after all 1） in spite of everything 畢竟，仍然2）everything else having being considered 終究，最終He rejoiced that all the work was a