蘇教版新版牛津初中英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit4第四單元教案

1、海豚教育個(gè)性化簡(jiǎn)案學(xué)生姓名： 年級(jí)： 科目： 授課日期： 月 日上課時(shí)間： 時(shí) 分 - 時(shí) 分 合計(jì)： 小時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 單元重要詞組、句型2. 祈使句、 should ,ought to的用法3. had better的用法重難點(diǎn)導(dǎo)航1. 祈使句、 should ,ought to的用法2. had better的用法教學(xué)簡(jiǎn)案：一：重要詞組二：重要句型三：?jiǎn)卧Z(yǔ)法四：錯(cuò)題匯編五：個(gè)性化作業(yè)六：評(píng)估表授課教師評(píng)價(jià)： 準(zhǔn)時(shí)上課：無(wú)遲到和早退現(xiàn)象（今日學(xué)生課堂表 今天所學(xué)知識(shí)點(diǎn)全部掌握：教師任意抽查一知識(shí)點(diǎn)，學(xué)生能完全掌握現(xiàn)符合共 項(xiàng)） 上課態(tài)度認(rèn)真：上課期間認(rèn)真聽(tīng)講，無(wú)任何不配合老師的情況（大寫

2、） 海豚作業(yè)完成達(dá)標(biāo)：全部按時(shí)按量完成所布置的作業(yè)，無(wú)少做漏做現(xiàn)象 審核人簽字：學(xué)生簽字：教師簽字：備注：請(qǐng)交至行政前臺(tái)處登記、存檔保留，隔日無(wú)效 （可另附教案內(nèi)頁(yè)） 大寫：壹 貳 叁 肆 簽章：海豚教育個(gè)性化教案（真題演練）真題演練:1. (2009安順中考) “Sorry for being late again.”“_ here on time next time, or youll be punished.”A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been2. (2009淄博中考) -May I listen to the music here, Mr. White?-S

3、orry, youd better it like that.A. not to do B. not do C. dont do D. not do to3. (2009哈爾濱中考) Boys and girls, _ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令營(yíng)). A. putting B. to put C. put4. (2008資陽(yáng)中考) “_ exercise every day, my child. Its good for your health.” Father said.A. Taking B.

4、To take C. Take D. Takes5. (2008嘉興中考) Ssh! _ talk loudly. The baby is sleeping right now.A. Do B. Does C. Dont D. Doesnt 6. (2007重慶中考) _ sleep too late. Its bad for your health. A. Do B. Not C. Dont D. Please not海豚教育個(gè)性化教案（內(nèi)頁(yè)）8A unit 4 do it yourself一：?jiǎn)卧攸c(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. No problem 沒(méi)問(wèn)題2. Read the instructions 看

5、說(shuō)明3. had better 最好4. stand for 代表，象征5. look terrible 看起來(lái)很糟6. make a mistake 犯錯(cuò)誤7. take a course 學(xué)習(xí)一門課程8. Attend a lesson 上課9. Instead of 而不是，代替10. repair the shelf 修理架子11. Ought to 應(yīng)該12. give advice 給出建議13. for example 例如14. Some kinds of 一些種類的15. Make sure 確保，確信16. Stop doing sth 停止做某事17. A piece o

6、f bread 一塊面包18. Decide to do sth 決定做某事19. During that time 在那期間20. Make a birthday card 做生日賀卡21. Fix ones broken chair 修理某人的壞椅子22. Decorate our house 裝飾我們的房子23. Be crazy about 對(duì)。著迷24. Not only but also 不僅，而且25. Put a picture on the wall 將畫貼在墻上26. Paint the walls blue 將墻刷成藍(lán)色27. Fill with 用，。填充28. On

7、the other side of 在.的另一方面29. Mix sth together 將某物混合在一起30. Make a fruit salad 做水果沙拉31. A birthday card with some roses on it 印有玫瑰花的生日賀卡32. Be not happy with 對(duì).不滿意33. Paint the card pink 將卡片涂成粉紅色34. Have fun doing sth 很高興做某事35. Keep it secret 保密36. Start working sth 開(kāi)始從事37. Keep doing sth 不停的做某事二：重要句型

8、1. First, we should read the instructions. 首先，我們應(yīng)該看說(shuō)明 （1）should意思為應(yīng)該?？捎糜诟鱾€(gè)人稱。指現(xiàn)在或者過(guò)去表示責(zé)任或者義務(wù)。 Eg： You shouldnt be so careless. （2） 可能的意思，表示推測(cè) Eg：They should arrive soon2. It says,” Do it yourself” 它上面寫著“自己做” 此處say意思為表示，寫道，相當(dāng)于readMy watch says 8:30. 我的表是8點(diǎn)30分。3. But he made s mistake and there was no

9、 electricity in our house all day. 但是他犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，我們的全天沒(méi)有電。（1) make a mistake 犯錯(cuò)誤 擴(kuò)展：by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地 I took your umbrella by mistake. (2) and no mistake 無(wú)疑地，的確 Its raining outside and no mistake. All day (=the whole day)整天 The old man read Greek and Latin all day long to kill time .那個(gè)老人整天讀希臘語(yǔ)和拉丁語(yǔ)來(lái)打發(fā)時(shí)間4. A

10、nother time ,my dad helped me put a picture on the wall in my bedroom, but he hit a pipe and filled my room with water. 還有一次，我爸爸幫我把圖片掛在我的臥室墻上，但是他碰壞了水管，使我的房間里充滿了水 擴(kuò)展： cant help doing sth 禁不住，情不自禁的 Help sb with 在.方面幫助某人 Help yourself to 請(qǐng)隨便吃 With the help of/ with ones help 在.幫助下 Fill with 把.裝滿，充滿 Be

11、filled with 被.裝滿（充滿） Fill in 填滿，填充5. My dad spent five days putting the shelf on the wall. 我父親花了五天時(shí)間在墻上裝了一個(gè)架子。 spend的主語(yǔ)必須是人， 常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) spend time money on sth. 在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）。 例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）做某事。 例：They spent two yea

12、rs (in) building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。(3) spend money for sth. 花錢買。 例：His money was spent for books. 他的錢用來(lái)買書(shū)了。 cost的主語(yǔ)是物或某種活動(dòng)， 還可以表示“值”， 常見(jiàn)用法如下：(1) sth. costs (sb.) 金錢,某物花了（某人）多少錢。 例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) 時(shí)間,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少時(shí)間。 例：Rememberi

13、ng these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。 注意：cost的過(guò)去式及過(guò)去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。 take后面常跟雙賓語(yǔ)， 常見(jiàn)用法有以下幾種：(1) It takes sb. 時(shí)間to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。 例：It took them three years to build this road. 他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。(2) doing sth. takes sb. 時(shí)間,做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。 例：Repairing this car took him the who

14、le afternoon. 他花了一下午修車。 pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢（給某人）買。 例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每個(gè)月要付20英磅的房租。(2) pay for sth. 付的錢。 例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠丟失的書(shū)款。(3) pay for sb. 替某人付錢。 例：Don t worry! Ill pay for you. 別擔(dān)心， 我會(huì)給你付錢的。(4) pay sb. 付錢給某人。 例

15、: They pay us every month.他們每月給我們報(bào)酬。(5) pay money back 還錢。 例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借給我12塊錢嗎？下周還你。6. we quickly started working on it . 我們迅速開(kāi)始制作它。 Work on 從事于，繼續(xù)工作。它的賓語(yǔ)只能位于介詞on的后面。 例：the boy is working on the problem.擴(kuò)展：work out 算出，制定出，名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)名詞可以至于副詞out之前或者之后。代詞做

16、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)代詞只能位于副詞out之前。 例：Every one of us worked out a plan of study.7. I kept spelling the word “birthday“ wrong. 我老是將birthday這個(gè)單詞拼錯(cuò)。 Keep doing 一直做某事 例： She keeps smiling 擴(kuò)展：keep on doing 不斷地做 Keep sb /sth doing 讓某人或某物不停地做 例： He kept us waiting for 20 minutes. 單元語(yǔ)法一 祈使句二 定義 用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈

17、使句最常用于表達(dá)命令，因此在學(xué)校文法中也常稱為命令句。 祈使句因?qū)ο螅粗髡Z(yǔ)）是第二人稱，所以通常都省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用句號(hào)來(lái)表示結(jié)束。用客氣的語(yǔ)氣表示祈使句時(shí)，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一個(gè)逗號(hào)“，”。 三、表現(xiàn)形式 肯定結(jié)構(gòu): 一：.Do型(即:動(dòng)詞原形(+賓語(yǔ))+其它成分)。 如:Please have a seat here. 請(qǐng)這邊坐。 1. 有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動(dòng)詞可省略。 如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 請(qǐng)這邊走。 2. 有的為了加

18、強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，在肯定式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前面加do 如： Do come again, please. 3. 為了表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣，可以在句首或者句尾加上please，但是please加在句尾，前面要用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi) 如： Please tell him to come on time=Tell him to come on time, please. 4. 為了明確向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或者發(fā)出命令，可加呼語(yǔ)，但是呼語(yǔ)要與句子隔開(kāi) 如： Put away your school things, Tom二：. Be型(即:Be + 表語(yǔ)(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy! 要做一個(gè)好孩子! Be

19、quite.安靜 Be careful！小心！三：. Let型(即:Let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分)。如:Let me help you. 讓我來(lái)幫你。 否定結(jié)構(gòu): 1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont構(gòu)成。 如:Dont forget me! 不要忘記我! Dont be late for school! 上學(xué)不要遲到! 2. Let型的否定式有兩種:“Dont + let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 賓語(yǔ) + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”。 如:Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。 3.

20、 有些可用no開(kāi)頭,用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句。4. 如:No smoking! 禁止吸煙!No fishing! 禁止釣魚(yú)! 4 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句，否定句用will you，肯定句用will you 或者wont you如：Have a rest,will you . Stand up,will (wont) you . 注意： lets 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用shall we， let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句用will you。 Lets go，shall we？ Let us go，will you？二：should ought to had better一：should ought to大體上兩

21、者的意思是相同的,通?？梢曰ハ噢D(zhuǎn)換。ought是助動(dòng)詞，不是過(guò)去式。 二者區(qū)別： ought to比should 語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng) （1）should 表示主觀看法，一些建議，勸說(shuō)時(shí)，譯作“應(yīng)當(dāng)”。 ought to，直接接動(dòng)詞原形，更多反映客觀情況，“有義務(wù)”或“必要”做某事，譯為“應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該” （2）ought to的否定就表示做某事一定是錯(cuò)誤的 而should的否定就表示某動(dòng)作不一定要做 3.should可以用于虛擬語(yǔ)態(tài), 而ought to 不能 ught to 是唯一一個(gè)可加to的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞! ought to 比should語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)烈 ought to的否定就表示做某事一定是錯(cuò)誤的 而shou

22、ld的否定就表示某動(dòng)作不一定要做 表示應(yīng)該，責(zé)備時(shí) 區(qū)別不大 但是should可以在名詞從句中表示虛擬如在suggest,advise,等從句中 在lest,for fear that, in case等的狀語(yǔ)從句中也只用should 另外should有表示驚訝之意 ought to與should意思接近，大多數(shù)情況下二者可以互換，但是should談的是自己的主觀看法，ought to則更多反映客觀情況，在談到法律、義務(wù)和規(guī)定時(shí)使用。 如： We shouldought to help each other and learn from each other in our work She i

23、s your mother, so you ought to support her We ought to go and see Mary tomorrow, but I dont think we will ought to具體用法如下： 1. (表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任等) 應(yīng)當(dāng), 應(yīng)該 You ought to work harder than that. 2. (表示勸告、建議等) 應(yīng)該, 該 You dont look well. You ought to go to see the doctor. 3. (表示猜測(cè)、期望) 總應(yīng)該，理應(yīng) It ought to be a fine day

24、tomorrow morning. 4. “ought to + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示過(guò)去應(yīng)做某事而實(shí)際未做 You ought to have told me that (but you didnt). 這時(shí)ought to和should可以互換使用。 二、ought to的否定式和疑問(wèn)式 1. ought to的否定形式是ought后直接加not構(gòu)成，其否定形式可縮寫為oughtnt。 One ought not (oughtnt) to cross the street against the red light. 2. ought to的疑問(wèn)式是將ought提到句首構(gòu)成。 Ou

25、ght we to do it at once? Yes, you ought to. 在反意疑問(wèn)句里，下面兩種形式都可以： He ought to be here now, shouldnt (oughtnt) he? 必須 ,應(yīng)該, 應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)囊馑?，ought to與should意思接近，大多數(shù)情況下二者可以互換，但是should談的是自己的主觀看法，ought to則更多反映客觀情況，在談到法律、義務(wù)和規(guī)定時(shí)使用。 ought to具體用法如下： 1. (表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任等) 應(yīng)當(dāng), 應(yīng)該 You ought to work harder than that. 2. (表示勸告、建議等) 應(yīng)該

26、, 該 You dont look well. You ought to go to see the doctor. 3. (表示猜測(cè)、期望) 總應(yīng)該，理應(yīng) It ought to be a fine day tomorrow morning. 4. “ought to + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示過(guò)去應(yīng)做某事而實(shí)際未做 You ought to have told me that (but you didnt). 這時(shí)ought to和should可以互換使用。 ought to的否定式和疑問(wèn)式 ought to的否定形式是ought后直接加not構(gòu)成，其否定形式可縮寫為oughtnt。

27、 One ought not (oughtnt) to cross the street against the red light. 2. ought to的疑問(wèn)式是將ought提到句首構(gòu)成。 Ought we to do it at once? Yes, you ought to. 在反意疑問(wèn)句里，下面兩種形式都可以： He ought to be here now, shouldnt (oughtnt) he二： had better1. had better的基本用法特點(diǎn)其意為“最好”、“應(yīng)該”，后接動(dòng)詞原形，與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用法相似，其中的had通?？s略為 d。如：Youd b

28、etter get some sleep你最好去睡一會(huì)兒。We had better go before it rains.我們最好在下雨前就去。2. had better如何構(gòu)成否定式和疑問(wèn)式構(gòu)成否定式時(shí)，通常將not置于had better之后(而不是had之后)；而構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式時(shí)，則通常將had(而不是had better)置于主語(yǔ)之前。如：Id better not disturb him我最好別去打擾他。What had we better do? 我們最好怎么辦? 【注】在否定疑問(wèn)句或反意疑問(wèn)句中可將not與had連用。如：Hadnt we better go now? 我們是不是現(xiàn)

29、在就去呢? 3. 有關(guān)had better的幾點(diǎn)用法說(shuō)明(1) had better 用于提出建議或請(qǐng)求時(shí)，并不是一個(gè)很客氣委婉的表達(dá)，它暗示對(duì)方有義務(wù)去做某事，因此通常用于長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩或上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)等，而不宜反過(guò)來(lái)用。(2) had best與had better 用法和含義均差不多，但不如had better普通。如：You had best get home before midnight你最好在午夜之前回到家里。We had best be going我們最好現(xiàn)在就走。(3) 有時(shí)可省略其中的had。如：You better stop arguing你們最好不要爭(zhēng)論了。Better not

30、 wait for him. 最好不要等他了。Better say yes, if they ask you. 如果他們問(wèn)你，你最好說(shuō)“是”。練習(xí)：1、 將以下祈使句改為否定式：1. Come here early. 2. Ask him. 3. Please wait for her. 4. Read the book carefully. 5. Sit under the tree, please. 6. Lets go there together. 二、選擇最佳答案填空：1. If you are tired, _ a rest.A. have B. havingC. to have

31、D. had2. _ me go. It is very important for me.A. Do let B. let doC. Doing let D. To do let3. He is not honest. _ believe him. A. Not B. DontC. To not D. Not to4. If you want to stay, let me know, _?A. will you B. shall weC. do you D. do we5. Never come late again, _? A. will you B. wontC. do you D.

32、does he6. _ up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train.A. Getting B. GetC. To get D. Got7. _ in the street. Its dangerous.A. Not play B. Not to playC. Dont play D. Dont to play8. Please _ me some money, will you?A. lend B. lendingC. to lend D. be lend9. The film is about to begin. Please _ seate

33、d. A. be B. areC. is D. being10. _ the boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. KeepingC. To keep D. Kept海豚教育錯(cuò)題匯編海豚教育個(gè)性化作業(yè)一. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Its an important meeting. _ (not, be )late.2. _ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) pol

34、ite.4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you _ (catch) a cold.10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it.二. 選擇填空 ( )1 .Her doctor said: “_ work so hard” A Stop B Dont C Cant D No ( )2. Sindy, _ to be