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1、冠詞考點及復習要點冠詞考點及復習要點 冠詞的考查是當前各地高考考卷中的熱點,是我冠詞的考查是當前各地高考考卷中的熱點,是我們復習中的重點之一。冠詞的考查以固定結構和習慣用們復習中的重點之一。冠詞的考查以固定結構和習慣用語為主,結合考查一些基本規(guī)則。所以我們在復習中要語為主,結合考查一些基本規(guī)則。所以我們在復習中要注重教材中的語言點的整理,同時對下面的冠詞規(guī)則也注重教材中的語言點的整理,同時對下面的冠詞規(guī)則也要引起重視。要引起重視。1、不定冠詞的用法比較;、不定冠詞的用法比較;2、定冠詞的習慣用法;、定冠詞的習慣用法;3、零冠詞的用法;、零冠詞的用法;4、在習慣用語中冠詞的用法;、在習慣用語中冠

2、詞的用法;不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞的用法考題點擊考題點擊1 The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast. It is _ 17th century cottage. A. the , / B. an, the C. /, the D. an, aD D該句意為“威爾遜先生一家住在海邊的一幢A型房子里,那是一幢十七世紀的屋子?!眱商幎急硎尽耙淮薄?,A-shaped 是元音開頭,該用 an;而 seventeenth是輔音開頭,所以該用 a。考題點擊考題點擊2 Mrs. Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter wh

3、o has _ gift for paintingshe has won two national prizes. Aa; a Ban; the Can; a Dthe; aC C“Taylor 夫人有一個在繪畫方面極有天賦的八歲的女兒,她已經兩次獲得全國大獎了?!?eight 是元音開頭,所以該用 an;而后面的 have a gift for為一短語,表示“在 方面有天賦”,故答案為C。冠詞是虛詞,本身不能單獨使用,也沒有詞義,它用在名詞的前面,幫助指明名詞的含義。英語中的冠詞有三種,一種是定冠詞(the Definite Article),另一種是不定冠詞(the Indefinite

4、Article),還有一種是零冠詞(Zero Article)。不定冠詞a (an)與數(shù)詞one 同源,是“一個”的意思。a用于輔音音素前,而an則用于元音音素前。 1) 表示一個,意為one;指某人或某物,意為a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you. 2) 代表一類人或物。 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer.3) 詞組或成語。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a

5、 / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden 定冠詞的用法定冠詞的用法考題點擊考題點擊1 As a rule, domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid _. A. by the hour B. by hour C. by an hour D. by hours A A“按小時付費”,以及其它用來表示“按

6、計算”都需用介詞 by 加 the 加單位名詞來表示,如:by the day; by the jin; by the pound; by the dozen 。但需注意:size; weight; time; length 等名詞并不表示單位,所以不需加 the??碱}點擊考題點擊2 On May 5, 2005, at _World Table Tennis Championship, Kong Linghui and Wang Hao won the gold medal in mens doubles with _ score of 4: 1. A. a; a B. 不填; the C.

7、 a; 不填 D. the; aD D“the World Table Tennis Championship”是由普通名詞構成的專有名詞,用來表示一個機構名稱。這類名詞前都要加 the。 “with a score of 4:1” 表示“以4:1的比分”,是一個介詞短語結構??碱}點擊考題點擊3 This book tells _ life story of John Smith, who left _ school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16. Athe; the Ba; the Cthe; 不填 Da; 不填C C“這本書講的是

8、John Smith 的人生故事”,是特指的,所以必須用 the。 “l(fā)eave school” 表示“畢業(yè)”,不用冠詞。類似的用法還有:finish school; in class; at church; go to school 等。定冠詞the與指示代詞this,that同源,有“那(這)個”的意思,但較弱,可以和一個名詞連用,來表示某個或某些特定的人或東西。1)特指雙方都明白的人或物: Take the medicine.把藥吃了。2)上文提到過的人或事: He bought a house.Ive been to the house. 他買了幢房子。我去過那幢房子。3)指世上獨一物

9、二的事物: the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth 4)與單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物,如:the dollar 美元; the fox 狐貍;或與形容詞或分詞連用,表示一類 人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。5)用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級,及形容詞only, very, same等前面: Where do you live?I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二層。 Thats the very thing Ive been looking for. 那正是我要找的東西。6)與復數(shù)名詞連用,指整個群體:

10、 They are the teachers of this school.指全體教師) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教師) 7)表示所有,相當于物主代詞,用在表示身體部位 的名詞前: She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。8)用在某些由普通名詞構成的國家名稱、機關團 體、階級、等專有名詞前: the Peoples Republic of China 中華人民共和國 the United States 美國9)用在表示樂器的名詞之前: She plays the piano.她會彈鋼琴。10) 用在姓氏的復數(shù)名詞之

11、前,表示一家人: the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦) 11) 用在表示“度量衡”之類的名詞前: Apples are sold by the pound. 但要注意在 time, weight, length 等名詞前不加 the。12) 用在慣用語中: in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening); the day after tomorrow; the day before yesterday;the next morning; in the sky (water,field,country); in the dark;in t

12、he rain;in the distance; in the middle (of);in the end; on the whole; by the way;go to the theatre 零冠詞的用法零冠詞的用法考題點擊考題點擊1 If you go by _ train, you can have quite a comfortable journey, but make sure you get _ fast one. Athe; the B不填;a Cthe; a D不填;不填 B B在由介詞 by 加表示交通方式的名詞短語中,不用冠詞。但如果 by 不表示交通方式,而表示地理

13、位置,就需要加冠詞了。如:by sea 乘船;by the sea 在海邊考題點擊考題點擊2 It is often said that _ teachers have _ very easy life. A. 不填;不填 B. 不填;a C. the, 不填 D. the, a B Bteachers 是復數(shù)名詞,用來表示類屬,不加冠詞。只有在特定范圍內的復數(shù)名詞前才加冠詞?!癶ave a life”是一個習慣短語,表示“過著的生活”??碱}點擊考題點擊3 The warmth of _ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _

14、wool used. A. the; the B. the;/ C. /; the D. /; /B Bsweater 的保暖性能取決于使用哪一種類型的羊毛。the 加單數(shù)名詞 sweater 表示一種類型;而羊毛是物質名詞,表示類屬的物質名詞不加冠詞。1)國名,人名前通常不用定冠詞:England,Mary;2)泛指的復數(shù)名詞,表示一類人或事物時,可不用定 冠詞;They are teachers. 他們是教師。3)抽象名詞表示一般概念時,通常不加冠詞;Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母4)物質名詞表示一般概念時,通常不加冠詞,當表示特定的意思時

15、,需要加定冠詞;Man cannot live without water. 人離開水就無法生存。 5)在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、 假日、日期、星期等表示 時間的名詞之前,不加冠詞; We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我們從星期一到星期五都上課。6)在稱呼或表示官銜,職位的名詞前不加冠詞; The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵們把這個美國人送到李將軍那里。7)在三餐飯、球類運動和娛樂運動的名稱前,不加 冠詞 如:have breakfast,play chess 但如果三餐飯的名詞前有形容詞修飾,則

16、需要加 冠詞。如:have a big breakfast8)當兩個或兩個以上名詞并用時,常省去冠詞;I cant write without pen or pencil. 沒有鋼筆和鉛筆,我就寫不了字。9)當by 與火車等交通工具連用,表示一種方式時, 中間無冠詞;by bus,by train; 10)有些個體名詞不用冠詞;如: school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed, table,class,town,church,court 等個體名詞,直 接置于介詞后,表示該名詞的深層含義; go to hospital去醫(yī)院看病 go to the ho

17、spital 去醫(yī)院 (并不一定去看病) 11)不用冠詞的序數(shù)詞;a. 序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞 b. 序數(shù)詞作副詞 He came first in the race.c. 在固定詞組中 at (the) first, first of all, from first to last 12)在復習過程中注意不帶冠詞的短語和習慣用語。13)特別注意加冠詞和不加冠詞的意義區(qū)別。如: go to hospital - go to the hospital at table - at the table in charge of - in the charge of out of question - o

18、ut of the question不定冠詞的位置不定冠詞的位置考題點擊考題點擊1 _ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar. A. How interesting B. How an interesting C. What interesting D. What an interesting D D不定冠詞常位于名詞或名詞修飾語前。但位于下列形容詞之后: such,what,many,half,如: I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for

19、the job.考題點擊考題點擊2 We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rushD D當名詞前的形容詞被副詞 as, so, too, how, however, enough修飾時,不定冠詞應放在形容詞之后: It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. To

20、o long a distance. 還需注意下面三個問題:還需注意下面三個問題: 1、quite,rather與單數(shù)名詞連用,冠詞放在其后。但當rather,quite 前仍有形容詞,不定冠詞放其前后均可。如:quite a lot 2、 在as,though 引導的讓步狀語從句中,當標語為形容詞修飾的名詞時,不定冠詞放形容詞后: Brave a man though he is,he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他盡管勇敢,可見到蛇還是發(fā)抖。3、當名詞被比較級形容詞修飾時,不定冠詞通常置于比較級形容詞之后。 定冠詞的位置定冠詞的位置考題點擊考題點擊1

21、He did it _ it took me. A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the timeD D定冠詞通常位于名詞或名詞修飾語前,但放在all, both,double,half,twice,three times等詞之后,名詞之前。 All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有學生都出去了。1 1、名詞的單、復數(shù)、名詞的單、復數(shù); ;2 2、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的轉換;、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的轉換;3 3、名詞作定語;、名詞作定語;4

22、4、名詞的搭配、名詞的搭配; ;5 5、詞語辨析;、詞語辨析;高考考點分析- How many does a cow have?- Four. AstomachesBstomach CstomachsDstomachies 以以 s, sh, ch, x等結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時加等結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時加 es;但如果以但如果以 ch 結尾的名詞發(fā)音為結尾的名詞發(fā)音為 k時,只加時,只加 s。另外,以輔音字母另外,以輔音字母 +y 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時,需將結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時,需將 y 變成變成 i,再加,再加 -es;以元音字母;以元音字母 +y 結尾的則直接結尾的則直接加加 -s。以輔音字母加。以輔

23、音字母加 y 結尾的專有名詞變復數(shù)時,結尾的專有名詞變復數(shù)時,也直接加也直接加 -s。 The _ of the building are covered with lots of _. Aroofs; leavesBrooves; leafs Croof; leafDroofs; leafs以以 f 或或 fe 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時:結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時: a. 加加 s,如:,如:serf - serfs belief-beliefs roof-roofs chief - chiefs safe-safes gulf-gulfs;b. 去去 f, fe 加加 ves,如:,如:half-hal

24、vesknife-knives leaf-leaveswolf-wolves wife-wives life-livesthief-thieves;c. 均可均可, 如:如:handkerchief - handkerchiefs / handkerchieves When the farmer returned home he found three _ missing. Asheeps Bsheepes Csheep Dsheepies 當當sheep; deer; fish表示數(shù)量時,單復數(shù)同形;表示數(shù)量時,單復數(shù)同形;如果表示不同種類,則需加如果表示不同種類,則需加 s 或或 es。

25、單復數(shù)同形的名詞有:單復數(shù)同形的名詞有:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese, Swiss works, means, head Some _ visited our school last Wednesday. AGermanBGermen CGermansDGermens國家人的名詞需要記住三種情況:國家人的名詞需要記住三種情況:1、單復數(shù)同形:、單復數(shù)同形:Chinese; Japanese; Swiss2、需要變形:、需要變形:English - Englishman3、加、加 s 或或 -es:German Germans詳見下表。詳見下表。 1.6 不同

26、國家的人的單復數(shù)不同國家的人的單復數(shù) 名稱 總稱(謂語用復數(shù))一個人 兩個人中國人the Chinesea Chinese two Chinese瑞士人the Swissa Swiss two Swiss澳大利亞人the Australiansan Australian two Australians 俄國人the Russians a Russiantwo Russians意大利人the Italians an Italian two Italians希臘人the Greek a Greektwo Greeks法國人the Frencha Frenchmantwo Frenchmen日本人t

27、he Japanese a Japanese two Japanese美國人the Americans an Americantwo Americans印度人the Indians an Indian two Indians加拿大人the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians德國人the Germansa Germanstwo Germans英國人the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen瑞典人the Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes _ will make a trip around the world dur

28、ing the coming Christmas. A. The EvensB. The Evens C. The EvensesD. The Evenses專有名詞的復數(shù)與定冠詞連用,常用來表示專有名詞的復數(shù)與定冠詞連用,常用來表示“一一家人家人”或一家之中的兩個或幾個重要的人。如:或一家之中的兩個或幾個重要的人。如:- Who did you spend last weekend with?- _. A PalmersB The Palmers C The PalmersD The Palmers Mr Smith has two _, both of whom are teachers

29、in a school. Abrothers-in-lawBbrother-in-laws Cbrothers-in-laws Dbrothers-in law以連字符號連接的合成名詞一般將中心名詞變成以連字符號連接的合成名詞一般將中心名詞變成復數(shù),如:復數(shù),如:managers-in-chief; fathers-in-law。如。如果沒有中心名詞就在該合成詞的最后加果沒有中心名詞就在該合成詞的最后加 s。如:。如:grown-ups。 He gained his _ by printing _ of famous writers. A. wealth; work B. wealths; w

30、orks C. wealths; work D. wealth; works抽象名詞和物質名詞被稱為不可數(shù)名詞。本題中抽象名詞和物質名詞被稱為不可數(shù)名詞。本題中 wealth 為不可數(shù)名詞,為不可數(shù)名詞,works 作作“作品作品”解,屬解,屬單復數(shù)同形的可數(shù)名詞。單復數(shù)同形的可數(shù)名詞。 Can you give us some _ about the writer? Ainformations Binformation Cpiece of informations Dpieces information大多數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞都不可能轉化為可數(shù)名詞,常大多數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞都不可能轉化為可數(shù)名詞,常見的有

31、:見的有:information; news; advice; progress; fun 如:如:This is not a match. Were playing chess for _.A habit B hobby C fun D game Many people agree that _of English is a must in international trade today. A. a knowledge B. knowledges C. knowledge D. the knowledge 有些抽象名詞和物質名詞也可轉化為可數(shù)名詞,有些抽象名詞和物質名詞也可轉化為可數(shù)名詞

32、,用來表示某種特定的意義。用來表示某種特定的意義。a knowledge of 表示表示“對對有所了解有所了解“。又如:。又如:This meeting is a great success.請看下面的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的轉化:請看下面的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的轉化: a. 當物質名詞轉化為個體名詞時。當物質名詞轉化為個體名詞時。 Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一種食物。蛋糕是一種食物。 (U) These cakes are sweet.這些蛋糕很好吃。這些蛋糕很好吃。 (C)b. 當物質名詞表示該物質的種類時,名詞可數(shù)。當物質名詞表示該物質的種類時,名詞可數(shù)。This fac

33、tory produces steel.(U)We need various steels.(C)c. 當物質名詞表示份數(shù)時,可數(shù)。當物質名詞表示份數(shù)時,可數(shù)。Our country is famous for tea. Two teas, please. 請來兩杯茶。請來兩杯茶。 d. 抽象名詞有時也可數(shù)。抽象名詞有時也可數(shù)。four freedoms 四大自由四大自由 the four modernizations 四個現(xiàn)代化四個現(xiàn)代化 many interests 許多興趣許多興趣 The _ is just around the corner and you wont miss it.

34、 A. bicycles shop B. bicycle shop C. bicycles shop D. bicycles shop名詞作定語一般用單數(shù),但也有以下例外。名詞作定語一般用單數(shù),但也有以下例外。1) 用復數(shù)作定語。用復數(shù)作定語。 如:如:sports meeting 運動會運動會 students reading-room 學生閱覽室學生閱覽室 talks table 談判桌談判桌 the foreign languages department 外語系外語系 2) 有些原有有些原有s結尾的名詞,作定語時,結尾的名詞,作定語時,s保留。保留。 如:如:goods train (

35、貨車貨車) arms produce武器生產武器生產 customs papers 海關文件海關文件 clothes brush衣刷衣刷 It took us quite a long time to get here. It was _ journey. A. three-hour B. a three hour C. a three-hour D. three hours “數(shù)詞數(shù)詞+名詞名詞”構成的合成詞作定語時,這個名詞一般保留構成的合成詞作定語時,這個名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式。單數(shù)形式。 如:如: a ten-mile walk; a five-year plan但是如果不用連字符,就需

36、用復數(shù)的所有格。但是如果不用連字符,就需用復數(shù)的所有格。 The village is far away from here indeed. Its _ walk. A. a four hour B. a four hours C. a four-hours D. a four hours There are only twelve _ in the hospital. Awoman doctors Bwomen doctors Cwomen doctor Dwoman doctor man, woman, gentleman等作定語時,其單復等作定語時,其單復數(shù)以所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定。數(shù)

37、以所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定。 如:如:a man worker men workers a woman teacher women teachers a gentleman official gentlemen officials Weve missed the last bus. Im afraid we have no _ but to take a taxi. A. way B. choice C. possibilityD. selection 可以將可以將“ have no choice but to do ”視為一視為一個結構,現(xiàn)在考查這類搭配的題有很多,如:個結構,現(xiàn)在考查這類搭

38、配的題有很多,如: I am sure David will be able to find the library he has a pretty good _ of direction. Aidea Bfeeling Cexperience Dsense類似的題還有:類似的題還有: 1. Heres my card. Lets keep in _. (A) A. touchB. relationC. connectionD. friendship2. You can take as many as you like because they are free of _. (B) A. fa

39、reB. chargeC. moneyD. pay3. The manager has got a good business _ so the company is doing well. B) AideaBsenseCthoughtDThinking4. I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the childrens _. (A) A reachB handC holdD place A rough estimate, Nigeria is_ Great Britain. A. three times the size as B. the s

40、ize three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 注意名詞用來表示比較的特殊用法。它的結構為注意名詞用來表示比較的特殊用法。它的結構為“倍數(shù)倍數(shù)+the +名詞名詞+ of + 對象對象”。常用在該結構。常用在該結構中的名詞為:中的名詞為:the size of; the weight of; the length of . Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his_. (C) A. ability B. force C

41、. strength D. mind 高考試卷中考查名詞詞義辨析的題目越來越高考試卷中考查名詞詞義辨析的題目越來越多了,這就要求我們在平時的學習過程中注意同多了,這就要求我們在平時的學習過程中注意同類詞的比較和辨析,同時盡可能從閱讀過程中汲類詞的比較和辨析,同時盡可能從閱讀過程中汲取更多的知識。本題的意思是取更多的知識。本題的意思是參加體育鍛煉的目參加體育鍛煉的目的是增強體質和力氣。的是增強體質和力氣。 1 1、用、用and連接兩個并列成分;連接兩個并列成分;2 2、介詞、介詞with 伴隨伴隨主語;主語;3 3、就近原則;、就近原則;4 4、各種代詞的主謂一致、各種代詞的主謂一致; ;5 5

42、、短語和從句作主語;、短語和從句作主語;6 6、定語從句中的主謂一致。、定語從句中的主謂一致。高考考點分析When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided 這個句子看上去是這個句子看上去是and連接的兩個并列短語充當主連接的兩個并列短語充當主語,本應用復數(shù)形式的謂語,但這兩個短語表達語,本應用復數(shù)形式的謂語,但這兩個短語表達的是同一事件的兩個方面,可以看成是一個整體,的是同一事件的兩個方面,可以看成是

43、一個整體,因此使用單數(shù)的謂語動詞;而從句意可判斷此句因此使用單數(shù)的謂語動詞;而從句意可判斷此句謂語動詞需使用被動語態(tài),謂語動詞需使用被動語態(tài), 歸納一:歸納一:1兩個或兩個以上做主語的單數(shù)名詞用兩個或兩個以上做主語的單數(shù)名詞用and連連接,謂語用復數(shù)接,謂語用復數(shù)Tom and Dick are good friends.但若表示一個集合體時則用單數(shù)。但若表示一個集合體時則用單數(shù)。A singer and dancer was present at the party.The worker and writer is talking to the students。Bread and butt

44、er tastes good.類似的表達式有:類似的表達式有:( a needle and thread, a horse and cart, a watch and chain, a coat and tie, truth and honesty, medical help and cure)2用用 and 連接的兩個名詞若被連接的兩個名詞若被 no, each, every, many a 修飾,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)。修飾,則謂語動詞用單數(shù)。No bird and no beast is seen in the bare island.Many a boy and many a girl ha

45、s made such a funny experiment.At Christmas each boy and each girl is given a present.3. 如果如果 and 后面加后面加 no 或或 not, 謂語也用單數(shù)形式,謂語也用單數(shù)形式,My friend, and not hers, is chosen to join the army.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift . A. is o

46、ffered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered主語后有主語后有as well as, like, with, together with, but, except, besides,等,謂語應于前面主語保持一致等,謂語應于前面主語保持一致A professor, together with some students, was sent to help in the work.No one but the teachers is allowed to use the room. Not only I but also Jane and

47、Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be 以連詞以連詞or, eitheror , neither nor, there be, not onlybut also 連接的復合主語,其謂語與其相連接的復合主語,其謂語與其相鄰的那個名詞的數(shù)保持一致。鄰的那個名詞的數(shù)保持一致。Eg. You or I am to be invited. Nobody but Jane _the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known eit

48、her, neither, each, every 或或no + 單數(shù)名詞和單數(shù)名詞和由由some, any, no, every 構成的復合不定代詞都作構成的復合不定代詞都作單數(shù)看待。單數(shù)看待。Each of us has a new pen .Everything around us is matter. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons . A. were, was B. was , was C. was, were D. were; were

49、. a number of 表示表示“很多很多”的意思,修飾可的意思,修飾可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)。數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)。The number of表示表示“數(shù)量,號碼數(shù)量,號碼”作主語,其謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。作主語,其謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 _ of the southern hemisphere (南半球南半球) _ with water. A. Four-five; is covered B. Four-fifths; is covered C. Four-fifth, are covered D. Four-fifths, are covered.由由“a lot of , (lots of, plent

50、y of, the rest of ) +名詞名詞”構成的短語以及由構成的短語以及由“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)名詞分數(shù)或百分數(shù)名詞”構成構成的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中的短語作主語時,其謂語動詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中后面名詞的數(shù)而定。后面名詞的數(shù)而定。Three-fourths of the surface is sea . All but one_here just now . A. is B .was C. have been D. were what, who, which, any, more, most, all 等代詞等代詞可以是單數(shù),也可是復數(shù),主要依意思而定。可以是單數(shù),也可是復數(shù)

51、,主要依意思而定。A) Which is your pen ? 哪是你的筆?哪是你的筆? Which are your pens?哪些是你們的筆?哪些是你們的筆?B) All can be done has been done . All have gone to the park . He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been who, which, that 作定語從句的主語時,其謂語取決作定語從

52、句的主語時,其謂語取決于先行詞。于先行詞。 Those who want to go should sign your names here. He is one of the students who have passed the exam. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. Mathematics _ the language of science. A. is B. are going to be C. are 以以-ics結尾的學科名詞,如結尾的學科名詞,如“mathematics, politic

53、s, physics 以及以及news, 等,形式上為復數(shù),實際為單數(shù),等,形式上為復數(shù),實際為單數(shù),它們作主語時,其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。它們作主語時,其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。 另外:復數(shù)名詞用作書,電影、戲劇、報刊、國家等另外:復數(shù)名詞用作書,電影、戲劇、報刊、國家等名稱時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。名稱時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 His “selected Poems”_ first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been His family _ all football fans. A. is B. has been C. are being D.

54、 are一些集體名詞做主語,如果看作一個整體,謂語一些集體名詞做主語,如果看作一個整體,謂語動詞用單數(shù);如果指其中的成員,謂語用復動詞用單數(shù);如果指其中的成員,謂語用復數(shù)但數(shù)但people, police, cattle等只能用復數(shù)等只能用復數(shù)My family is a big family.My family are listening to the radio.The police are trying to catch the thief. The rich _ not always happy. A. is B. has C. have D. are 形容詞加定冠詞形容詞加定冠詞 t

55、he 表示一類人時,謂語動表示一類人時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。詞用復數(shù)。 What a life the poor were living! The young are happy to give their seats to the old. 1. Growing vegetables _ constant watering. A. need B. are needed C. is needed D. needs2. What I say and think _ no business of yours. A. is B. are C. were D. both A and B 當動名詞短語、不定

56、式短語和從句作主語時,當動名詞短語、不定式短語和從句作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如果用謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如果用 and 連接兩個從句或短連接兩個從句或短語作主語,則需看是表示一個整體還是不同的兩語作主語,則需看是表示一個整體還是不同的兩件事。題(件事。題(2)中的)中的 “What I say and think” 既既可理解為同一件事也可理解為不同的兩個動作??衫斫鉃橥患乱部衫斫鉃椴煌膬蓚€動作。(注意:從句作主語時有時需根據(jù)表語來定。)(注意:從句作主語時有時需根據(jù)表語來定。)1、人稱代詞的替代和轉換、人稱代詞的替代和轉換;2、物主代詞的性;、物主代詞的性;3、else 的用法;的用法;4

57、、不定代詞的用法比較、不定代詞的用法比較;5、it 的用法;的用法;高考考點分析1. 人稱代詞的指代問題人稱代詞的指代問題 :It was _ who did it, but it was _ that we are talking about. A. he she B. him her C. him she D. he her 人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語或表語,例如: John waited a while but eventually he went home.約翰等了一會兒,最后他回家了。 人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語或介詞賓語,但在口語中也能作表語,第一人稱在省略句中,還可以作主語,

58、例如:I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her. 問題中前后兩個分句都是強調句,前面的代詞作 did it 的主語,而后面的代詞作 talking about 的賓語。D2)在使用人稱代詞時,要注意其人稱、數(shù)和格的一致。如: Jim and I saw the man passing by. Between you and me, he stole a lot of money from somewhere. (私下跟你說吧,不知他從哪里偷了一大筆錢呢。) He asked three of us, John, Joan and m

59、e, to have dinner with him. Meat and fish are more expensive than they used to be. 不定代詞 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one, 及 whoever 和 person 在正 式場合使用時,可用 he, his, him 代替。 Nobody came, did he?誰也沒來,是嗎?2. 人稱代詞之主、賓格的替換人稱代詞之主、賓格的替換 Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard

60、. Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing.AhimBheCI Dme 在簡短對話中,當人稱代詞單獨使用或在 not 后, 多用賓格。- I like English. -我喜歡英語。- Me too.-我也喜歡。- Have more wine? -再來點酒喝嗎?- Not me.-我可不要了。D - May I speak to John? - This is _ speaking. A. heB. hisC. himD. himselfa. 在介詞在介詞 but,except 后,有時可用主格代替賓格。后,有時可用主格代替賓格。 All but

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