[二輪介詞和連詞課件daiping

1、一、介一、介 詞詞 介詞和連詞介詞和連詞是高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)，由于這類詞往往具有一詞多義性，及一義多詞性，因而極易出錯(cuò)。由于漢語(yǔ)中對(duì)于連詞的要求與英語(yǔ)中表達(dá)習(xí)慣不同，因此，在這方面考生容易忽略或掌握不透某些知識(shí)點(diǎn)，這些應(yīng)引起我們高度注意。 1、表示原因的介詞：表示原因的介詞：for, at, on/upon, with, by, through, from, in, of1) He didnt answer _fear of hurting her feelings.forfor: 因?yàn)?；由于某事物因?yàn)椋挥捎谀呈挛?多用于表示內(nèi)多用于表示內(nèi)在的、心理的原因。在的、心理的原因。 解析解析2

2、) Im much pleased _your arrival.at多用來(lái)表示感情上的原因，常和表示多用來(lái)表示感情上的原因，常和表示一定感情的詞連用一定感情的詞連用 解析解析3) He came to see me _business.4) He came _your invitation.for, at, on/upon, with, by, through, from, in, ofon解析解析on/upon: (表示為某事物的表示為某事物的基礎(chǔ)、根據(jù)或理由基礎(chǔ)、根據(jù)或理由)由于，因由于，因?yàn)闉?所表示的原因與條件直接所表示的原因與條件直接相關(guān)。相關(guān)。 on5) He was trembl

3、ing _fear.6) His face turned red _anger.with多用來(lái)表示由外界影響到身心多用來(lái)表示由外界影響到身心的原因。的原因。 解析解析with7) I met her quite _ chance/accident.8) He got ill _drinking too much yesterday.for, at, on/upon, with, by, through, from, in, ofbyby因（某事物）所致；由于；憑借因（某事物）所致；由于；憑借 通常用來(lái)表示由什么方式產(chǎn)生的通常用來(lái)表示由什么方式產(chǎn)生的 解析解析還有due to, owing to

4、, thanks to, because of四個(gè)成語(yǔ)介詞表示“因?yàn)椤?、“由于”，但他們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌袇^(qū)別。1. because of 用在句首或句子后面，表示用在句首或句子后面，表示原因。原因。例如： It was all because of your necklace, your beautiful necklace.那全是你的項(xiàng)鏈，你那條美麗的項(xiàng)鏈。2. due to sth/sb: 由某人由某人某事物某事物引起的；引起的；由于某人由于某人某事物某事物 ，常用來(lái)做表語(yǔ)。，常用來(lái)做表語(yǔ)。例如： The teams success was largely due to her efforts.

5、該隊(duì)的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。3. owing to 由于；因?yàn)橛捎?；因?yàn)?Owing to the rain, the meeting has to be put off.會(huì)議因雨而推遲了4. thanks to 由于，因?yàn)?；幸虧，多虧由于，因?yàn)?；幸虧，多?常位常位于句首，于句首，表感謝或諷刺意味表感謝或諷刺意味。例如： Thanks to your help, we finished the work head of time.多虧你的幫助，我們提前完成了任務(wù)。Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been put off.多虧這倒霉的

6、天氣，比賽推遲了。2. 表示時(shí)間的介詞表示時(shí)間的介詞in, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, beforeby, during, over, through, within, upon1) He came in 1958 and has stayed here _ then.since解析解析since, 自從以來(lái)到現(xiàn)在，和完成時(shí)連用。另外，since 還可以用作副詞，表達(dá)同樣的意思。2)She went to Nanjing last May，and she came back _a month.after解析解析in, on, from, at

7、, until, for, since, after, beforeby, during, over, through, within, uponafter +時(shí)間常常和過(guò)去時(shí)連用，表示一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：after school, dinner, 3pm 等。3)They worked hard. They finished the work _2 days at last.in, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, beforeby, during, over, through, within, upon解析解析within表示在時(shí)間以內(nèi)，而in強(qiáng)調(diào)

8、以現(xiàn)在為基準(zhǔn)，想將來(lái)延續(xù)，in an hour 是從現(xiàn)在起一個(gè)小時(shí)之后。4)They said they would arrive here _a week.withininin, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, beforeby, during, over, through, within, upon, till9)Scientists say that it may be five years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.before解析解析before:

9、過(guò)了多久以后才 “五年以后才會(huì)在人體上做試驗(yàn)。11)The students wont go home _they finish their homework. 12)The woman worked in the factory _1990. in, on, from, at, until, for, since, after, beforeby, during, over, through, within, upon, tilluntil / beforeUntil/till解析解析在until能使用的句型中,即主句含有否定式終止性謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或肯定式延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,可與before直接替換,意義

10、差別不大。 3. 表示方向的介詞表示方向的介詞in, at, to, 1)He rushed _the woman with a sword. 2)He rushed _the direction of the small village. 3)He rushed _the women with a sword.atinto解析解析rush at:朝著撲去；in the direction of 朝著什么方向；rush to向這位婦女走去。4. 介詞的其他用法介詞的其他用法請(qǐng)?zhí)钊脒m當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。1) He went _the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到

11、車站去接我。 in在陽(yáng)光下，在燈下，在樹(shù)陰下，穿衣、著裝、冒雨等都要用in。 解析解析2) The workers are paving a road _stone. 3) The teacher is correcting the paper _a new pen. 4) I really cant express my idea _English freely in-deedwithwithin解析解析有形有形with, 無(wú)形無(wú)形by，語(yǔ)言，語(yǔ)言 、單位、單位、材料材料 in. 5. Whos standing there _the door? 6. He is _present in W

12、ashington. 7. Water freezes _0centigrade and boils at 1008.The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy _sunset. 9. The force _ the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party. atatatatat解析解析在山腳下,在門口,在目前,速度、以速率,溫度,在日落時(shí),在核心要用at。 二、連二、連 詞詞 連詞，主要是包括連詞，主要是包括并列連詞并列連詞和和從屬連詞從屬連詞。在句子中，連詞

13、起連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)在句子中，連詞起連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)及句子和句子的作用。它本身在句子里不單及句子和句子的作用。它本身在句子里不單獨(dú)做句子成分。獨(dú)做句子成分。 1. 并列連詞并列連詞and, but, or, nor, so, for yet, however, as well as, both.and, not only.but also, either.or, neither.nor2. 從屬連詞從屬連詞after, when, before, as, while, since, until, till, if, unless, lest, because, than, that,

14、 whether, so that, in order that, as if, as though, although, suppose that, provided, that, as.as, now that, such.that, in case that, on condition that例題分析 I think you are a great family _Im glad Im going to join you. A. and B. but C. so D. howeverAnd在這里表示有因果關(guān)系的事件。又如：You are late again and you must

15、apologize. So也可以表示因果關(guān)系。例如：He was sick, so he was quiet.解析解析A2. This medicine, _ drug, has a violent effect.這種藥品，或者說(shuō)麻醉劑，有強(qiáng)烈的效果。A. And B. or rather D. but D. however解析解析or rather: 或者說(shuō)；準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)。B3. The text is rather difficult. It is,_, not beyond the reach of the students.A. therefore B. for C. so D. howe

16、verD解析解析however此處是副詞，意思是：然而；可是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。又如：He hasnt arrived. He may, however, come later. 他還未到，不過(guò)，他可能過(guò)一會(huì)兒來(lái)。We have not yet won; however, we shall try again. 我們還沒(méi)有取勝, 不過(guò)我們還要再試一下。2. 從屬連詞從屬連詞 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：When, after, before, while, as, since, until, as soon as, 條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if, unless, 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：where, 目的狀語(yǔ)從句：so that5.

17、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：although, though, even though, no matter what/how/when, 6. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句：as, asas, not soas, than, 7. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：so (such)that, 8. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句：as, because, since1. It has been 5 years _my sister returned from abroad.2. It is 5 years ago _my sister returned from abroad.3. It was the years 1990_my sister retur

18、ned from abroad.4. It will be 5 years _my sister returns from abroad. A. before B. since C. that D. when活學(xué)活用活學(xué)活用since thatwhenbefore 6. Air is to us _water is to fish. A.like B. what C. but D. when what = just as，意為“恰像，猶如，好比”用作連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。A is to B what C is to D.解析解析B空氣對(duì)于我們猶如水對(duì)于魚(yú)。7. You may have some idea of _the astronauts have to deal with if you try to drink a glass of water while standing on your head or while just lying down.活學(xué)