江蘇牛津譯林八年級上冊Unit4基礎學案2

1、江蘇牛津譯林八年級上冊unit 4基礎學案學員姓名： 年 級： 授課日期授課時段授課主題8au4教學目標1.重點單詞、短語、句型及語法；2.易錯點及?？键c 教學重難點重點：查漏補缺 難點：祈使句教學內容一詞匯、短語精講：words&phrases1. youd better get some tools. d better 是had better的縮寫，意為“最好”，后面必須跟動詞原形。用于表示對別人的勸告、建議或表示一種愿望。其否定形式為had better not do sth. you had better read the book. 你最好讀一讀這本書。youd better

2、 not play football every day. 你最好不要每天踢足球。2. shall we start?shall we do something? = lets do something, shall we? 不表示疑問，用來提議，意思是“我們做某事好嗎？”shall we go out for a walk? = lets go out for a walk, shall we? 我們出去散散步，好嗎？“shall we do something?”的答句比較靈活?？隙ɑ卮鹩茫篻ood idea! thats great. all right! lets go.等。否定回答時

3、需說明理由。shall we go out for a walk?no. i have lots of things to do.3. no problem! 沒問題！no problem意為“沒問題”，用來表示同意或愉快地答應請求。-could you write the word for me?-no problem.no problem 還可用于以下情境：l 回答感謝，意為“不用謝；別客氣”-thank you very much. -no problem.l 回答道歉，意為“沒關系；沒什么”-im sorry to keep you waiting. -no problem.l 表示有

4、能力做某事，意為“沒問題；不在話下”-can you finish the work in an hour? -no problem.4. exactly adv. 確切地，精確地tell me exactly where mary lives. 請確切地告訴我瑪麗住在哪里。his answer is exactly right. 他的答案完全正確。其形容詞為exact, 意為“確切的，精確的”it was difficult to tell her exact age. 很難說出她確切的年齡。5. stand for 代表，象征 prc代表中國共和國。_ 鴿子象征著和平。 _ 5.prc s

5、tands for peoples republic of china.the dove stands for peace.6. instead of 而不是，代替為介詞短語，后面常接名詞、代詞或動名詞充當賓語，還可接和前面對等的形容詞、副詞或介詞短語。我們將去問李明而不是去問瑪麗。 _ 他們沒有坐公共汽車而是步行到那里去。_ 他沒有學習，而是上網(wǎng)了。 _ 【注】instead of與instead可進行同義句轉換。如：她去游泳了，而沒有打籃球。 = 7. be crazy about. 對.著迷，癡迷于.其中about是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。湯姆對音樂很著迷。_ 我不擅長體育，但是我

6、對看體育比賽很著迷。_ 8. he once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.（1）once此處作副詞，意為“一度，曾經”，常位于系動詞be之后，行為動詞之前。當表示過去的經驗或經歷時，也可放在句首作狀語。這部影片曾經很受歡迎，可是現(xiàn)在沒有人看它了。 _ 我曾經住在中國的南方_ 他從前在那家工廠工作過。 _ once作副詞時，還可意為“一次，一回”，常用在句末。我們去過那里一次。 _ 我們每周去看望爺爺奶奶一次。 _ （2）put in 意為 他們要安裝新窗戶。 _ 安裝中央暖氣需要多

7、少錢？ _ （3）make a mistake/make mistakes 他在拼寫方面犯了許多錯誤。 _ 【短語拓展】make a noise/noises 發(fā)出噪音 make a face/faces 做鬼臉別制造噪音，那個嬰兒正在睡覺。 _ 那個孩子沖他爸爸做鬼臉。 _ 9. another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.（1）put up 意為“掛起，張貼，舉起，抬起，搭起，建造”請舉起你們的手。 _ 我爸

8、爸在花園前面搭了個帳篷。 _ 【拓展】由put構成的短語：put on 穿上，戴上，上演（戲?。?put out 伸出，撲滅put away 收起來，收好他穿上外套離開了房間。 _ 他用毯子把火撲滅了。 _ 該回家了，請把學習用品收好。 （2）fill.with.意為“用.充滿.”他把玻璃杯里裝滿了水。 【拓展】be filled with相當于be full of，意為“裝滿.，充滿.”如：書包里裝滿了書。 = 10. now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.not only

9、. but also . 意為“不但而且”，可以連接并列主語、賓語或表語。當連接并列主語時，謂語動詞的形式由but also后的主語來決定，即就近原則。not only your parents but also i am proud of you. （并列主語）he can speak not only english but also japanese. （并列賓語）my mother is not only a good teacher but also a good cook. （并列表語）如：我媽媽不僅喜歡看書，還喜歡上網(wǎng)聊天。 _ 6.well ask li ming instea

10、d of mary.they went there on foot instead of by bus.instead of studying, she surfed the internet.she went swimming instead of playing basketball.=she didnt play basketball. she went swimming instead.7. tom is crazy about music.i am not good at sports, but i am crazy about watching sports matches.t.h

11、is film was once popular, but nobody sees it now.i once lived in the south of china.8. once he worked in the factory.we have been there once.we go to see my grandparents once a week.they will put in new windows.how much does it cost to put in central heating?he made many mistakes in spelling. the ch

12、ild made a face at his father.ont make a noise/noises. the baby is sleeping.9. please put up your hands.my father put up a tent in front of the garden.he put on his coat and left the room.he put out the fire with a blanket.its time to go home. please put away your school things.he filled the glass w

13、ith water. / the glass was filled with water by him.the schoolbag is filled with books./the schoolbag is full of books.10. my mother likes not only reading but also chatting online.11. above, over, on三個詞都可意為“在之上”above指兩物體不接觸，多用于不垂直的“上方”，反義詞為below；over指兩物體不接觸，多用于垂直的“正上方”，與under互為反義詞；on指與物體表面接觸。飛機在云層上

14、面飛行。 _ 河上有一座橋。 _ 墻上有一張地圖。 _ 12. they couldnt stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!one.the other. 意思是“一個另一個”我有兩部手機，一部是給你的，另一部是給你姐姐的。_ 拓展：other, the other, another辨析1) other用作代詞時，與each連用，構成互相代詞each other。other的復數(shù)形式others；other用作形容詞時，意思“別的，其他的”，在句中作定語。he often help oth

15、ers.we study chinese, maths, history and other lessons.2) the other 指“兩者中的另一個”，常與代詞“one”連用構成詞組“one.the other”。i have two bedrooms. one is on the first floor. the other is on the second floor.3) another指“不確定的另一個”，之后跟單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。would you like another moon cake?no, thanks. im full.13. buy sb. sth.= buy sth

16、. for sb. 為/給某人買某物我媽媽將給我買一件新外套。 _- 我會把它買給你。 _ 【注】如果直接賓語是代詞，則只能用buy sth. for sb. 的結構?！就卣埂款愃频亩陶Z有：pass sth. to sb. = pass sb. sth. give sth. to sb. = give sb. sth.show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth. offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.make sth. for sb. = make sb. sth.14. advise及物動詞，“建議”advise作及物動詞時，具體用法如下：

17、advise doing sth. 建議做某事他建議早點兒動身。 _ 我建議等到適當?shù)臅r機。 _ advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事他建議我買臺電腦。 _ 醫(yī)生建議我休息。 advise sb. against doing sth. 勸告某人不要做某事=advise sb. not to do sth.他勸她晚上不要出去。_ 她父親勸告她不要嫁給這個人。 _ 15. but this just made him angryhe says he already knows everything about it.（1）make的用法及物動詞，意為“使成為；使成為，讓，使”

18、，后接復合賓語，常由形容詞、名詞、介詞短語或動詞原形充當賓語補足語。 make+sb./sth.+adj. 使某人他總是使他的課很有趣。 _ 吵鬧的音樂使我不舒服。_ make sb./sth. + 名詞 使某人/某物成為那位老師盡力使自己成為學生們的好朋友。 _ 我們選他當我們組的組長。 _ make sb./sth. do sth. 使某人/某物做某事醫(yī)生叫病人躺下，然后給他仔細檢查身體。_那個男孩經常讓他的狗跳上跳下。 _ （2）already副詞，意為“已經”，一般用于肯定句中。雖然已近午夜，但他們還在繼續(xù)工作。they continued working, though it was

19、 already midnight.already 與 yet 區(qū)別：already 多用于肯定句中。our country has finished the sixth population census（人口普查）already.yet 常用語疑問句和否定句中。一般情況下，含有already 的肯定句變成否定句或疑問句時，要把already變成yet。has our country finished the sixth population census yet?i havent finished my homework yet.16. attend 及物動詞，“參加，出席”你參加那次會議

20、了嗎？ _ 只有幾個朋友參加了聚會。_ 11. the plane flew above the clouds. there is a bridge over the river. there is a map on the wall.12. i have two mobile phones. one is for you. the other is for your sister.13. my mother will buy me a new coat./my mother will buy a new coat for me. i will buy it for you.14. he ad

21、vised leaving early. i advised waiting till proper time. he advised me to buy a computer. the doctor advised me to have/take a rest. he advised her against going out at night. her father advised her against marrying the man.15. he always makes his classes interesting. loud music makes me uncomfortab

22、le. the teacher tried his best to make himself a good friend of his pupils. we made him the head of our group. the doctor made the patient lie down and looked over him carefully.the boy often makes his dog jump up and down.16. did you attend the meeting? only a few friends attended the party.語法一、疑問詞

23、 + to do【教材典句】1. i did not know how to get away. 我不知道如何離開。2. we often meet together and discuss what to read. 我們經常一起碰面并討論讀什么書。【語法全解】1. 在英語中，疑問詞（who, what, which, when, where, how等）可以跟動詞不定式一起構成不定式短語，相當于一個名詞性短語，在句中用作主語、賓語、表語、雙賓語等。但是疑問詞why后不能跟動詞不定式。（1）作主語，此時謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。何時開運動會還是個問題。_ （2）作賓語，常放在動詞（詞組）tell

24、, show, know, learn, decide, teach, find out, forget, wonder, remember等后面。我還沒有決定午飯吃什么。_ （3）作表語問題是怎樣學好英語。_ （4）作雙賓語，常放在advise, tell, ask, teach, show等詞后面。你能建議我買哪一件外套嗎？ _ 2. “疑問詞 + 動詞不定式”結構可以改為從句。你能告訴我下一步該做什么嗎？ 二、must與have to【教材典句】1. i must run away from them我必須逃離他們2. she has to take her daughter from

25、school in the afternoon. 下午她必須把女兒從學校接回來。3. you must not smoke in the library. 你一定不要在圖書館吸煙。4. we do not have to go to school at weekends. 周末我們不必去上學。when to have a sports meeting is still a problem.i havent decided what to eat for lunch.the question is how to learn english well.can you advise me which

26、 coat to buy?can you tell me what to do next? = can you tell me what i should do next?【語法全解】1. must的用法must是情態(tài)動詞，意為“必須，一定要”，后接動詞原形，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句，must的否定形式must not (mustnt)語氣較為強烈，意為“不許；禁止”。我必須在晚飯前完成這項工作。 _ 你不準在湖里游泳，那太危險了。 _ 2. have to的用法have to意為“必須，不得不”，后接動詞原形，表示在客觀上有必要做某事。使用have to時應注意以下幾點：（1）have

27、to有一般現(xiàn)在（have to, has to），一般過去（had to）和一般將來（will have to）等多種時態(tài)。昨天上午sandy不得不在公園門口等候。 （2）構成一般疑問句時，要在句子開頭加do/does, did或will等助動詞。在加拿大他們必須講英語嗎？ _ （3）have to的否定形式dont/doesnt/wont have to表示“沒有必要”。你沒有必要回答這個問題。 _ 3. must與have to的區(qū)別（1）兩者都表示“必須”，但must側重于說話者的主觀看法，認為有必要或有義務去做某事；have to側重于客觀需要，含有“不得不，被迫”之意。昨天他的自行車

28、壞了，所以他不得不步行去學校。_ （2）must的否定形式must not（mustnt）表示“一定不要，不允許”；而have to的否定式dont/doesnt have to（=neednt）表示“不必”。你絕對不要告訴她這件事。 _ 你不必告訴他這件事。 _ （3）must沒有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化；而have to有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。他必須在十點鐘之前回來。 _ 他不得不在農場里給父母幫忙。 _ 我們將不得不騎自行車去。 _ i must finish the work before dinner.you mustnt swim in the lake. its too danger

29、ous.sandy had to wait at the park gate yesterday morning.will they have to speak english in canada?you dont have to answer the question.his bike was broken yesterday, so he had to walk to school.you mustnt tell her about it.you dont have to tell her about it.he must be back by ten oclock.he has to h

30、elp his parents on the farm.well have to go by bike.基礎導入1. _ of the two women is mrs. brown.a. the beautiful b. the more beautiful c. more beautiful d. the most beautiful2. he jumps _ of the three. a. far b. further c. farthest d. furthest3. there are girls in class two than in class four. a. more b

31、. nicest c. most d. best4. no one is mary in the class. a. so tallest as b. as taller as c. so high as d. so tall as5. the weather in shenyang is even colder_.a. than that in beijing b. than beijing c. than in beijing d. as that in beijing 6. peter is _ than his brother. a. more fatter b. much fatte

32、r c. very fat d. the fattest7. whose sweater is of all? a. cheaper b. cheap c. cheapest d. the cheapest8. which month has _ days in a year? -february. a. fewer b. more c. the fewest d. the most 9. the horse is getting old and cant run _ it did.a. as faster as b. so fast than c. faster d. so fast as

33、10. everything is on the moon than on the earth.a. much more lighter b. much more light c. more lighter d. much lighter11. you had better because you have to drive back home. （上海中考）a. not drinking b. not drink c. dont drink d. not to drink12. -could you help me put up the maps on the wall?- . （2012.

34、 貴州）a. no problem b. i hope so c. thats all right d. thats a good idea13. cctv-10 often plays around the world. it can help us learn more about not only nature but also different cultures and customs. （2012.哈爾濱）a. new something b. somehing new c. anything new d. nothing new14. hes poor at spelling.

35、he made a lot of spelling m in his writing. （2012.杭州）15. he kept on (talk) until the class was over. （蘭州中考）16. i got home for my birthday from my college on friday evening. no one was at home, and mom and dad hadnt left me a note. this made me . （2013.山東棗莊）a. angrily b. happy c. angry d. happily17.

36、shall we go on sunday? i love water sports. thats a good idea. （2013·江蘇泰州）a. hiking b. swimming c. cycling d. skating18. shall we go for a picnic tomorrow?well, it all the weather. （2013·浙江湖州）a. belongs to b. happens to c. depends on d. concentrate on19. not only your friends but also aunt

37、 li to see you. a. want b. wants c. wantingbdaca bdcddbab mistakes. talking。cbcb 一單項選擇1. i am sure i can improve in spoken english in two years time.a. myself b. ourselves c. himself d. themselves2. we keep the new traffic law and learn how to protect ourselves.a. may b. should c. can d. need3. -sha

38、ll we go hiking tomorrow? - . the radio says it will rain.a. sure b. thats a good idea c. im afraid we cant d. all right4. dont lose in computer games, tony.a. yourself b. yourselves c. ourselves d. themselves5. can you fix this window?a. break b. broke c. broken d. breaking6. daniel is about playing football. he even plays it when it rains.a. interested b. fond c. afraid d. crazy7. waiter, the porridge . please take it away.a. tastes good b. taste good c. taste terrible d. tastes terrible8.