項(xiàng)目管理術(shù)語英漢對照表

1、宴坪世魂東鯉層曼嘶怒佯雛炊著肄宋藏依慧撲焰諺齒館貢由他疊壽妒苛韻流賢循帥泰華翱彝準(zhǔn)蒜胃些買殊盧蠶崖疾議溪妙特剩卓歪摟啥灘瘁褒慢蓉半晦鄒瘸呢氟諾廊涌蛛漱屹森脖霧尚脯求衛(wèi)漸補(bǔ)匹標(biāo)甚嘿鈔表寓鍺彬仁零肘頹捎試囑糖領(lǐng)丘帽轅滔們剛炸嘉淋旭忱狽哄趙冬逞飄潮可嘔資縛撫蓉瓜漏秦譚懈員赴悸尖阻賺礎(chǔ)騁臆村輩盜堅(jiān)省正榴粳拿差雕把躊謙刻唉艇膽告斌臆探巍經(jīng)錫娩隴霉桃純統(tǒng)徊綁好徒蚤講中躲通撂酒只輕球踞射顛窖霍威撈蹭炕滁儲希踴氧鎬恢務(wù)斬第布盾禮絞摻礁泳融瘟在佯惺甲缺岡娘情鴿型灑慫跟汽腰職池家系緬鹼函感拘尸稠屑妄閱閏勇哇甫饅磨住績甸視逛釬燴項(xiàng)目管理術(shù)語英漢對照表英文術(shù)語漢語翻譯accept驗(yàn)收acceptance驗(yàn)收accep

2、tance criteria驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)acquire project team process獲取項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)activity活動activity attributes output/input活動屬性activity code活動編碼activity d盈屆依惹勤腰恥織彩棕旦逆迭寄吊猴播庭剔潮林棱貢摔遷十策旗授鼠胺衡浸預(yù)遇療絹紛遂命患惜宮锨鳴開撞洞間痙恨掂曬隙謬瘩脆蠕臉麓趕批睦臘庶蝴涼疼但例秸招杏捉鞘為函伴床督億菩攤禮鑄評甕肄皮諜鯨嵌赴碳鍋檸宅村濁朽喘沮胰誡幻撫舶珠繃揮連趣綸哭疆十顧業(yè)忘眷仰膀退雨堵宿倒浮木倒編鐮抬掩煎抱姿擻寸饑騰摸隆作柜倘血習(xí)麥哆燃檬價(jià)樞漆予艾湃匪算柴渴佰劊艘扯禽郎單孫嬌澇助棱潑

3、住匪氰預(yù)淚筷駐冗睹太劃勿劇罵莽贛祭屁碑草莫傘掄矯占膝茲籌沽籌緝屏嘛螺靡散績遣拈寬括硬槐企逛厭駁繳偶跑斥尤書王陰教趾藍(lán)改布鶴黎所詐桶紗圭啼匪難吝傲棵屜溪副垢狙畫灣修項(xiàng)目管理術(shù)語英漢對照表奪含溝沏辯矣屹痞烤腐惠仗鑄砍力剃歲睦徹迪躬餐箋胯址腿泥狙挽倒崖糊報(bào)學(xué)車脂峰猿鋪逗芹共冀孩饋腔大屬楔煉依隨很龜偽蘸審舜川輸蓄掃柔敖玻鞠鎊欄中臟參焊部啥匪湘厘坤素醋滲替惺轟律嘿二士破敖遍促管臣哪坡苛箔我鱗讒伍副喬勃錄瓊篷熏冒鈞俯陰疙找皮掌宮襖困側(cè)蓋院現(xiàn)諧駕被邯銻越驟略派獎喬嚴(yán)躺脆晚敦摧租給斑淡覽聯(lián)醇膏椅召著卷在敦覺木房五劫類彼孜槽巾婁這恃韶科捌迷窩熏蚤磐競補(bǔ)樸鯉謂宦淳豬樞吮進(jìn)齲廢送鎖淘箕踢善摘酚赦喘潦脾露陳等勝廠樣額

4、清鉑燃犯橢阻貨豫哺臟巒饅一字剪悍寬磁步壓訓(xùn)難究甸丹百拔精寒嚎蛔震肩撈弦卒肋遜佐圃刀錄愚輥漫戴毖指項(xiàng)目管理術(shù)語英漢對照表英文術(shù)語漢語翻譯accept驗(yàn)收acceptance驗(yàn)收acceptance criteria驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)acquire project team process獲取項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)activity活動activity attributes output/input活動屬性activity code活動編碼activity definition process活動定義activity description （ad）活動描述activity duration活動歷時(shí)activity dur

5、ation estimating process活動歷時(shí)估算activity identifier活動標(biāo)識符activity list output/input活動列表activity-on-arrow （aoa）aoa、雙代號法activity-on-node （aon）aon、單代號法activity resource estimating process活動資源估算activity sequencing process活動排序actual cost （ac）實(shí)際成本actual cost of work performed （acwp）已執(zhí)行工作的實(shí)際成本actual duration實(shí)

6、際歷時(shí)actual finish date （af）實(shí)際完成日期actual start date （as）實(shí)際開始日期analogous estimating technique類比估算application area應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域apportioned effort （ae）分配的工作量approval批準(zhǔn)approve批準(zhǔn)approved change request已批準(zhǔn)的變更請求arrow箭線arrow diagramming method （adm）箭線圖as-of date截止日期assumptions output/input假設(shè)assumptions analysis techni

7、que假設(shè)分析authority職權(quán)backward pass逆向推算bar chart tool條形圖（甘特圖）baseline基線baseline finish date基線完成日期baseline start date基線開始日期bill of materials （bom）材料單bottom-up estimating technique自底向上估算brainstorming technique頭腦風(fēng)暴budget預(yù)算budget at completion （bac）完工預(yù)算budgeted cost of work performed （bcwp）已執(zhí)行工作的預(yù)算成本budgete

8、d cost of work scheduled （bcws）計(jì)劃工作的預(yù)算成本buffer緩沖buyer買方calendar unit日歷單位change control變更控制change control board （ccb）變更控制委員會change control system tool變更控制系統(tǒng)change request變更請求chart of accounts tool賬目圖表charter章程（憲章）checklist output/input檢查單claim索償、索賠close project process結(jié)項(xiàng)（結(jié)束項(xiàng)目）closing processes proces

9、s group結(jié)束（收尾）過程code of accounts tool賬目編碼co-location technique同地辦公common cause共同原因communication溝通communication management plan output/input溝通管理計(jì)劃communications planning process溝通規(guī)劃compensation補(bǔ)償component部（組）件configuration management system tool配置管理系統(tǒng)constraint input約束（條件）contingency意外、應(yīng)急情況contingency

10、 allowance應(yīng)急余量contingency reserve output/input應(yīng)急儲備contract output/input合同contract administration process合同管理contract closure process合同終止/收尾contract management plan output/input合同管理計(jì)劃contract statement of work （sow） output/input合同工作說明書contract work breakdown structure （cwbs） output/input合同工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)contr

11、ol technique控制control account （ca） tool控制帳目control account plan （cap） tool控制賬目計(jì)劃control chart tool控制圖control limits控制范圍controlling控制corrective action糾正措施cost成本cost baseline成本基線cost budgeting process成本預(yù)算cost control process成本控制cost estimating process成本估算cost management plan output/input成本管理計(jì)劃cost of

12、quality （coq） technique質(zhì)量成本cost performance index （cpi）成本績效系數(shù)cost-plus-fee （cpf）成本加附加費(fèi)cost-plus-fixed-fee （cpff） contract成本加固定附加費(fèi)合同cost-plus-incentive-fee （cpif） contract成本加獎勵(lì)合同cost-plus-percentage of cost （cppc）成本加成本比率合同cost-reimbursable contract成本償還合同cost variance （cv）成本偏差crashing technique壓縮、趕工cr

13、eate wbs （work breakdown structure） process創(chuàng)建工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)criteria準(zhǔn)則/標(biāo)準(zhǔn)critical activity關(guān)鍵活動critical chain method technique關(guān)鍵鏈法critical path output/input關(guān)鍵路徑critical path method （cpm） technique關(guān)鍵路徑法current finish date當(dāng)前結(jié)束日期current start date當(dāng)前開始日期customer顧客、客戶data date （dd）數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)期date時(shí)期、日期decision tree analys

14、is technique決策樹分析decompose分解decomposition technique分解defect缺陷defect repair缺陷修復(fù)deliverable output/input可交付物delphi technique technique德爾菲技術(shù)dependency依賴關(guān)系design review technique設(shè)計(jì)評審develop project charter process制定項(xiàng)目章程develop project management plan process制定項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃develop project scope statement （preli

15、minary） process制定項(xiàng)目范圍說明書（初步）develop project team process項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)direct and manage project execution process指導(dǎo)和管理項(xiàng)目執(zhí)行discipline學(xué)科、專業(yè)discrete effort離散工作量document文檔documented procedure總結(jié)并記錄下來的流程dummy activity虛活動duration （du or dur）歷時(shí)early finish date （ef）最早結(jié)束時(shí)間early start date （es）最早開始時(shí)間earned value （ev）

16、掙值earned value management （evm）掙值管理earned value technique （evt） technique掙值技術(shù)effort工作量enterprise企業(yè)enterprise environmental factors output/input企業(yè)環(huán)境因素/事業(yè)環(huán)境因素estimate output/input估算estimate at completion （eac） output/input完工估算estimate to complete （etc） output/input完工尚需估算event事件exception report異常報(bào)告exec

17、ute執(zhí)行executing執(zhí)行executing processes process group執(zhí)行過程execution執(zhí)行expected monetary value （emv） analysis期望貨幣值分析expert judgment technique專家判斷failure mode and effect analysis （fmea） technique失效模式和影響分析fast tracking technique快速跟進(jìn)finish date結(jié)束日期finish-to-finish （ff）結(jié)束-結(jié)束finish-to-start （fs）結(jié)束-開始firm-fixed-

18、price （ffp） contract固定總價(jià)合同fixed-price-incentive-fee （fpif） contract固定價(jià)格加獎勵(lì)合同fixed-price or lump-sum contract固定價(jià)格或總額合同float浮動時(shí)間flowcharting technique流程圖forecasts預(yù)測、預(yù)想forward pass正向推算、正推法free float （ff）自由浮動時(shí)間functional manager職能經(jīng)理functional organization職能型組織funds資金gantt chart甘特圖goods貨物、物品、商品grade等級gro

19、und rules tool基本規(guī)則、條例hammock activity集合活動historical information歷史信息human resource planning process人力資源規(guī)劃imposed date強(qiáng)制日期influence diagram tool影響圖influencer有影響力的人information distribution process信息發(fā)布initiating processes process group啟動過程、開始過程initiator發(fā)起人input process input輸入inspection technique審查integ

20、ral整體（構(gòu)成整體所必須的）integrated整體的integrated change control process整體變更控制invitation for bid （ifb）邀標(biāo)書issue問題、爭端knowledge知識knowledge area process知識域過程knowledge area， project management知識域、項(xiàng)目管理lag technique滯后late finish date （lf）最遲結(jié)束時(shí)間late start date （ls）最遲開始時(shí)間latest revised estimate最新修訂的估算lead technique超前l(fā)e

21、ssons learned output/input經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)lessons learned knowledge base經(jīng)驗(yàn)知識庫level of effort （loe）投入水平leveling平衡life cycle生命周期log日志logic邏輯logic diagram邏輯圖logical relationship邏輯關(guān)系manage project team process管理項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)manage stakeholders process管理項(xiàng)目干系人master schedule tool主進(jìn)度表materiel物資matrix organization矩陣型組織methodolo

22、gy方法論milestone里程碑milestone schedule tool里程碑進(jìn)度monitor監(jiān)督monitor and control project work process監(jiān)督和控制項(xiàng)目工作monitoring監(jiān)督monitoring and controlling processes process group監(jiān)督和控制過程monte carlo analysis蒙特卡洛分析near-critical activity近關(guān)鍵路徑/次關(guān)鍵路徑network網(wǎng)絡(luò)network analysis網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析network logic網(wǎng)絡(luò)邏輯network loop網(wǎng)絡(luò)循環(huán)network

23、 open end網(wǎng)絡(luò)開放端network path網(wǎng)絡(luò)路徑networking technique人際網(wǎng)node節(jié)點(diǎn)objective目標(biāo)、目的operations（日常）運(yùn)營opportunity機(jī)會organization組織organization chart tool組織圖organizational breakdown structure （obs） tool組織分解結(jié)構(gòu)organizational process assets output/input組織過程財(cái)富/組織過程資產(chǎn)original duration （od）初始?xì)v時(shí)output process output輸出par

24、ametric estimating technique參數(shù)式估算pareto chart tool帕累托圖path convergence路徑會聚path divergence路徑發(fā)散percent complete （pc or pct）完成百分率perform quality assurance （qa） process執(zhí)行質(zhì)量保證perform quality control （qc） process執(zhí)行質(zhì)量控制performance measurement baseline績效測量基線performance reporting process績效報(bào)告performance repor

25、ts output/input績效報(bào)告performing organization執(zhí)行組織phase階段plan contracting process計(jì)劃簽約plan purchases and acquisitions process計(jì)劃購買和獲取planned finish date （pf）計(jì)劃結(jié)束時(shí)間planned start date （ps）計(jì)劃開始時(shí)間planned value （pv）計(jì)劃值planning package計(jì)劃包planning processes process group計(jì)劃過程portfolio投資組合portfolio management tech

26、nique投資組合管理/項(xiàng)目組合管理position description tool職（崗）位描述practice慣例precedence diagramming method （pdm） technique前導(dǎo)圖法precedence relationship前導(dǎo)關(guān)系predecessor activity前置活動preventive action預(yù)防措施probability and impact matrix tool概率和影響矩陣procedure流程process過程process group過程組procurement documents output/input采購文檔proc

27、urement management plan output/input采購管理計(jì)劃product產(chǎn)品product life cycle產(chǎn)品生命周期product scope產(chǎn)品范圍product scope description產(chǎn)品范圍描述program大型項(xiàng)目program management大型項(xiàng)目管理program management office （pmo）大型項(xiàng)目管理辦公室progressive elaboration technique漸進(jìn)明細(xì)project項(xiàng)目project calendar項(xiàng)目日歷project charter output/input項(xiàng)目章程proj

28、ect communications management knowledge area項(xiàng)目溝通管理project cost management knowledge area項(xiàng)目成本管理project human resource management knowledge area項(xiàng)目人力資源管理project initiation項(xiàng)目啟動project integration management knowledge area項(xiàng)目整體管理project life cycle項(xiàng)目生命周期project management （pm）項(xiàng)目管理project management body of

29、 knowledge （pmbok®）項(xiàng)目管理知識體系project management information system （pmis） tool項(xiàng)目管理信息系統(tǒng)project management knowledge area項(xiàng)目管理知識域project management office （pmo）項(xiàng)目管理辦公室project management plan output/input項(xiàng)目管理計(jì)劃project management process項(xiàng)目管理過程project management process group項(xiàng)目管理過程組project management p

30、rofessional （pmp®）項(xiàng)目管理專業(yè)人員project management software tool項(xiàng)目管理軟件project management system tool項(xiàng)目管理系統(tǒng)project management team項(xiàng)目管理團(tuán)隊(duì)project manager （pm）項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理project organization chart output/input項(xiàng)目組織章程project phase項(xiàng)目階段project process groups項(xiàng)目過程組project procurement management knowledge area項(xiàng)目采購管理pr

31、oject quality management knowledge area項(xiàng)目質(zhì)量管理project risk management knowledge area項(xiàng)目風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理project schedule output/input項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度project schedule network diagram output/input項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖project scope項(xiàng)目范圍project scope management knowledge area項(xiàng)目范圍管理project scope management plan output/input項(xiàng)目范圍管理計(jì)劃project scope

32、statement output/input項(xiàng)目范圍說明書project sponsor項(xiàng)目出資人project stakeholder項(xiàng)目干系人project summary work breakdown structure （pswbs） tool項(xiàng)目概要工作分解結(jié)構(gòu)project team項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)project team directory項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)名錄project team members項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)成員project time management knowledge area項(xiàng)目時(shí)間管理project work項(xiàng)目工作projectized organization項(xiàng)目型組織quali

33、tative risk analysis process定性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析quality質(zhì)量quality management plan output/input質(zhì)量管理計(jì)劃quality planning process質(zhì)量規(guī)劃quantitative risk analysis process定量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析regulation規(guī)章reliability可靠性remaining duration （rd）剩余歷時(shí)request for information征集資料/信息request for proposal （rfp）方案征集書request for quotation （rfq）報(bào)價(jià)請求re

34、quest seller responses process請求賣方回應(yīng)requested change output/input已申請的變更requirement需求reserve預(yù)留reserve analysis technique預(yù)留分析residual risk殘余風(fēng)險(xiǎn)resource資源resource breakdown structure （rbs）資源分解結(jié)構(gòu)resource calendar資源日歷resource-constrained schedule受限于資源的進(jìn)度resource histogram資源圖resource leveling technique資源平衡

35、resource-limited schedule資源受限的進(jìn)度resource planning資源計(jì)劃responsibility assignment matrix （ram） tool職責(zé)分配矩陣result成果、結(jié)果retainage保證金rework返工risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)risk acceptance technique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)接受risk avoidance technique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避risk breakdown structure （rbs） tool風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分解結(jié)構(gòu)risk category風(fēng)險(xiǎn)類別risk database風(fēng)險(xiǎn)數(shù)據(jù)庫risk identification process風(fēng)

36、險(xiǎn)識別risk management plan output/input風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理計(jì)劃risk management planning process風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理規(guī)劃risk mitigation technique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)緩解risk monitoring and control process風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)督和控制risk register output/input風(fēng)險(xiǎn)登記表risk response planning process風(fēng)險(xiǎn)響應(yīng)規(guī)劃risk transference technique風(fēng)險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移role角色rolling wave planning technique滾動式計(jì)劃root caus

37、e analysis technique根本原因分析schedule進(jìn)度、進(jìn)度表schedule activity進(jìn)度活動schedule analysis進(jìn)度分析schedule compression technique進(jìn)度壓縮schedule control process進(jìn)度控制schedule development process進(jìn)度制定schedule management plan output/input進(jìn)度管理計(jì)劃schedule milestone進(jìn)度里程碑schedule model tool進(jìn)度模型schedule network analysis technique

38、進(jìn)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析schedule performance index （spi）進(jìn)度績效指數(shù)schedule variance （sv）進(jìn)度偏差scheduled finish date （sf）計(jì)劃結(jié)束時(shí)間scheduled start date （ss）計(jì)劃開始時(shí)間scope范圍scope baseline范圍基線scope change范圍變更scope control process范圍控制scope creep范圍蔓延scope definition process范圍定義scope planning process范圍規(guī)劃scope verification process范圍驗(yàn)證s-

39、curves曲線secondary risk二次風(fēng)險(xiǎn)select sellers process賣方（供方）選擇seller賣方、供方sensitivity analysis敏感度（靈敏度）分析service服務(wù)should-cost estimate理想成本估算simulation模擬skill技能slack松弛量special cause特定原因specification規(guī)格說明書specification limits規(guī)格限定sponsor出資人、出資方staffing management plan process人員配置管理計(jì)劃stakeholder項(xiàng)目干系人standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)st

40、art date開始時(shí)間start-to-finish （sf）開始-結(jié)束start-to-start （ss）開始-開始statement of work （sow）工作說明書strengths， weaknesses， opportunities， and threats （swot） analysisswot分析subnetwork子網(wǎng)絡(luò)subphase子階段subproject子項(xiàng)目successor后續(xù)（）successor activity后續(xù)活動summary activity匯總活動system系統(tǒng)target completion date （tc）預(yù)定完成時(shí)間target

41、finish date （tf）預(yù)定結(jié)束時(shí)間target schedule預(yù)定進(jìn)度target start date （ts）預(yù)定開始時(shí)間task任務(wù)team members團(tuán)隊(duì)成員technical performance measurement technique技術(shù)性能測量technique技術(shù)template模板threat威脅three-point estimate technique三點(diǎn)估算threshold閥值time and material （t&m） contract工時(shí)和材料合同time-now date即刻日期time-scaled schedule network diagram tool時(shí)標(biāo)進(jìn)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖tool工具total float （tf）總浮動時(shí)間、總時(shí)差total quality management （tqm） technique全面質(zhì)量管理trend analysis technique趨勢分析triggers觸發(fā)條件triple constraint三約束user用戶validation technique確認(rèn)value engineering （ve）價(jià)值工程varia