新目標(biāo)九年級英語U9-When-was-it-invented

1、Unit 9 When was it invented？（Section A）一語法：被動語態(tài)1.被動語態(tài)的時態(tài): 被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)通過be的變化來體現(xiàn)，它必須與主語的人稱、數(shù)一致。以下是幾種常用的被動語態(tài):(1)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài): am / is / are + 動詞的過去分詞。Eg：This book in two languages.這本書是用兩種語言寫的.(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài): am / is /are + being + 動詞的過去分詞。Eg: A school is by the workers now.工人們正在建一所學(xué)校.(3) 一般將來時的被動語態(tài): will / b

2、e going to + be + 動詞的過去分詞.Eg: The project will next month.這項工程下個月就完工.(4) 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài): have / has + been + 動詞的過去分詞.Eg: My homework .我的作業(yè)以完成了.(5) 一般過去時的被動語態(tài): was / were + 動詞的過去分詞.Eg: The classroom three days ago. 教室是三天前被打掃的.(6) 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài): 情態(tài)動詞 +be +動詞的過去分詞.The classroom every day.教室應(yīng)該每天都被打掃.2.被動語態(tài)的否定

3、句和疑問句:（1）否定句的構(gòu)成：必須在第一個助動詞后加not。Eg：His homework finished. 他的作業(yè)還沒有完成。（2）疑問句的構(gòu)成：將第一個助動詞置于主語之前。Eg：When the bridge ？這座橋是何時建的？3、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法:（1）   把主動語態(tài)變的賓語作為被動語態(tài)的主語（2）   主動語態(tài)的謂語改成be + 過去分詞的形式，作為被動語態(tài)的謂語，be隨著主語以及時態(tài)的變化而變化。（3）   主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)閎y的賓語，有時可以省略。4、被動語態(tài)的注意方法:（1）  

4、在主動句中動詞make，let，have，see，hear，feel，watch，find notice等后接不定式作賓補(bǔ)時，動詞不定式都要去掉to,但變被動語態(tài)時,后面的不定式須加to.make sb. do sth. sb. be made to do sth. eg: The man made the boy _ his homework. The boy was made_ _ his homework.hear sb. do sth. sb. be heard to do sth. eg: I often hear him_ in the next room. He is often

5、 heard _ _in the next room. (2) 主動語態(tài)中若有雙賓語,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,只將其中一個賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,另一個賓語不變.一般情況下,往往把表示人的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，而把直接賓語（物）留作被動句的賓語。如果把主動句的直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z，則間接賓語常須有介詞（一般是for或to）eg： My mother bought me a bike. 其被動句為: I was bought a bike by my mother. = A bike was bought for me by my mother.(3)有些詞如系動詞taste, feel, look,

6、 smell, sound 等,以及 sell 作 “銷量(好壞)”講時常用主動語態(tài)表達(dá)被動的意思.Eg: This song sounds gentle. 這首歌聽起來輕柔. Many kinds of books sell well. 許多種類的書銷量不錯.(4)有些詞,如happen=take place “發(fā)生,” belong to “屬于,”沒有變動語態(tài).Eg: The necklace belongs to me. 這個項鏈屬于我. 被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)一、選擇題( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A.Is; built B

7、.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build( )2.An accident _ on this road last week. A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened( )3.Cotton （棉花）_ in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow( )4.So far,the moon _ by man already. A.is visited B.will be visited C.has be

8、en visited D.was visited( )5.A talk on Chinese history _ in th school hall next week. A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives( )6.How many trees _ this year? A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted( )7.A lot of things _ by people to save the little girl now. A.are doing

9、B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done( )8.Neither of them _ in China. A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made( )9.Look! A nice picture _ for our teacher. A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws( )10.Your shoes _. You need a new pair. A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is

10、 worn( )11.The doctor _ for yet. A.isn't sent B.hasn't been sent C.won't be sent D.wasn't sent( )12.-When _ this kind of computers_? -Last year. A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used( )13.The Great Wall _ all over the world. A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known( )14.I _ in s

11、ummer. A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born( )15.He says that Mr Zhang _ to the factory next week. A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent( )16.Who _ this book _? A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written( )17.Mary _ show me her new dictionary. A.has asked to B.w

12、as asked to C.is asked D.asks to( )18.A story _ by Granny yesterday. A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us( )19.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump( )20.The school bag _ behind the chair. A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put( )21.Older peopl

13、e _ well. A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after( )22.Our teacher _ carefully. A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened二、 用動詞的正確語態(tài)填空。（綜合運(yùn)用）1. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.2. That play _(put) on again

14、sometime next month.3. The old man is ill. He _ (must send) to the hospital.4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_ (sell) in this shop.5. What _ a knife _ (make) of? It _(make) of metal and wood.6. A Piano concert _(give) here last Friday.7. _ the magazine _(can take) out of the library?8. The room _ (clea

15、n) by me every day.9. The stars _ (can see) in the daytime.10. Some flowers _(water) by Li Ming already.11. These kinds of machines _(make) in Japan.12. Apples _ _(grow) in this farm.13. Russian _ _ (learn)as the second language by some students in China.14. Planes,cars and trains _ _ (use) by busin

16、ess people for travelling.15. The cinema _ _ (bulid) in 1985.16. The bike _ _ _ _ (must not put) here.17. A beautiful horse _ _ _ (draw) by John next day.18. This kind of machine _ _(can made) by uncle Wang.19. Mr. Green _ _ (open) two new school.20. The PLA _ _ (found) on August 1st,1927.21. By the

17、 time he was ten, the boy _(learn)English and French.22. How long _ your uncle _(be) in the city?23. _ you _(see) the film yet?Yes, I _(see) it last week.24. Uncle Wang _(live) here since 198025. Listen! Someone _(sing).26. Tom _(not have) breakfast yesterday morning.二知識點. 1. 本單元要掌握的句型 When was the

18、car invented? It was invented in 1885.When were electric slippers invented? They were invented last year.Who were they invented? They were invented by Julie Thompson.What are they used for? Theyre used for seeing in the dark.2. When was it invented?invent v. 發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造inventor n. 發(fā)明家 invention n. 發(fā)明 可數(shù)名詞

19、例如：He has _ a new way of making silk. 他發(fā)明了一種制造絲綢的新方法。Do you know who _ computers? 你知道誰發(fā)明的電腦嗎？【拓展】invent, create, find & discover(1)invent “發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造”，指制造、發(fā)明出新事物。(2)create “ 創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作；創(chuàng)建”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從無到有，表示創(chuàng)造具體的東西，也課表示創(chuàng)造抽象的東西。(3)find “發(fā)現(xiàn)；找到”強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。(4)discover “發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺”指初次看見本來已存在但以前未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物。Exercises: 使用invent, create,

20、 find & discover填空。Columbus_America but he did not explore the continent.(大陸)They looked for the bag everywhere, but in the end they didn't _it. We must work hard to_ a harmonious society.(和諧社會) We all know that Alexander Bell_the telephone.3. Theyre used for seeing in the dark.它們被用于在黑夜里觀看。b

21、e used for表示“被用來做(是被動語態(tài))”，介詞for表示目的和用途，后面接名詞或動詞-ing形式。Wood can be used for _paper.木材可以被用來造紙。Pens are used for _. 筆是用來寫的。 Pens arent used for _. 筆不是用來吃的?！就卣埂亢衎e used的常用短語：（1）be used as表示“被用作”，介詞as意思是“作為”的意思，其后一般接名詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用的工具及手段。This book can _ _ _ textbook.這本書可以當(dāng)作教科書來用。（2）be used by表示“被使用”，by后接動作的執(zhí)行者。

22、This kind of machine _ _ _ farmers for getting in crops.4. 給某人某樣?xùn)|西give sth. to sb. 如：I gave _ _ _ _. 我給他一支筆。 give sb. sth. I gave _ _ _. 我給他一支筆。5. all day 整天 10. salty adj. 咸的 _ n. 鹽6. by mistake 錯誤地 如： I took the umbrella _ _ 我不小心拿錯了雨傘。7. make sb./sth. +形容詞 使怎么樣 It made me _. 它使我高興 make sb./sth. +動

23、詞 讓做 It made me _. 它讓我發(fā)笑8Battery-operated slippers were invented by Julie Thompson.電池控制的拖鞋是朱莉。湯普森發(fā)明的。operate v. 操作，作業(yè)【拓展】（1）operate v. 操作，作業(yè) 例如：Can you _- the computer? 你會用電腦嗎？（2）operate v. 動手術(shù)，用于operate on sb. “給某人做手術(shù)”。例如：The doctor will _ _ his mother at once. 那位醫(yī)生將馬上為他的母親動手術(shù)。（3）operate v. 經(jīng)營，管理 例

24、如：The company _ ten factories. 這家公司經(jīng)營著10家工廠。（4）operation n. 手術(shù) 例如: She had an _ for stomach. 她做過胃部手術(shù)。9. What do you think is the most helpful invention? 你認(rèn)為什么是最有用的發(fā)明？ 1)do you think 在此處用作插入語，常置于疑問詞之后，不可置于疑問詞前。如：_ do you think _ _ us English?你認(rèn)為誰將教我們英語_do you think our life _ _ _ in 100 years? 你認(rèn)為一百年

25、后我們的生活會是什么樣？ 2)-ful構(gòu)成的形容詞：care_ wonder _ use _ forget _10. I think it would be better to have 我認(rèn)為擁有將是更好的。 Its better (for sb.) to do sth. 意思是“（某人）最好做某事”， it 為形式主語，動詞不定式短語為真正的主語。如： It is better_ _ _walk to school. =You _ _ walk to school.你最好步行去學(xué)校。Unit 9 When was it invented？（Section B）知識點講解：1. Althou

26、gh tea wasn't brought to the Western world until 1610，this beverage was discovered over three thousand years before that 雖然茶直到1610年才被帶到西方國家，但是這種飲料早在那之前的三千多年前就被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。although 作連詞, 意為 “雖然,盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句, 我們不能根據(jù)漢語習(xí)慣, 在后面使用連詞but, 不過它可以與yet, still連用。notuntil 意為 “直到才”，until 引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句。He go to bed his fat

27、her came home. 直到他爸爸回家時他才睡覺。2.According to 是個短語介詞,意為 “根據(jù);依照” according to a legend根據(jù)一個神話_ this article根據(jù)這篇文章 _ the radio, it will rain tomorrow. 根據(jù)收音機(jī)說,明天有雨。3.fall into “落入, 陷入” He was drunk and _ _ the water. 他酒醉跌落水中。The_ _ _ the river. 葉子落入了河里。fall down 摔倒 如：She_ _ from her bike. 她從她自行車摔倒了。4. The

28、emperor noticed that the 1eaves in the water produced a pleasant smell帝王注意到水中的葉子發(fā)出一種怡人的氣味。pleasant,pleased與pleasure的區(qū)別: pleasant形容詞,用以修飾物, pleased形容詞,用以修飾人， pleasure名詞， It is a to meet you again. 再次見到你很高興。It is very to have a cup of tea after dinner. 飯后喝一杯茶是很愉快的。The two friends were very to see each

29、 other again.這兩個朋友再次見面感到非常高興。5. by accident 意外 偶然 I met her by accident at bus stop. 我在公共汽車站意外地見到了她。6. notuntil 直到才做 如：I _ _ _ _ _ I finished my work. 我直到完成我的工作才去睡覺。 7. over an open fire 野飲 8. leaf n. 葉子 復(fù)數(shù)形式 _9. nearby adj. 附近的 如：_ _ _ 附近的河流10. quite 非常 adv. 與冠詞a連用時，冠詞a必須放在它的后面 如： _ 一個漂亮的女孩 _一個很貴的旅

30、館 very 非常 adv. 與冠詞a連用時，冠詞a必須放在它的前面 如：_ 一個漂亮女孩 _一個很貴的旅館注：當(dāng)不與冠詞a 連用時，兩者可以互用 如： I am _ _.= I am _ _. 我非常高興。18. in the way 這樣 19. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人發(fā)自內(nèi)心的欣慰和愉快 pleasant adj. 愉快 高興 指天氣、時間、旅行令人高興愉快 please v. 使高興 使同意20. batteryoperated adj. 電池控制的是名詞+動詞的運(yùn)動分詞構(gòu)成的合成形容詞21. in the sixth century 在第6世紀(jì) 22. trav

31、el around 周游23. more than = over 超過 如： more than 300 = over 300 超過300Unit 9 When was it invented？（Reading）1 How popular is each sport? Rank them(1-8)in the right order of popularity.每項運(yùn)動有多流行？用1-8按流行度排列他們How popular is sth.?某物有多流行？Eg.-How popular is ?這種襪子有多流行 -Oh,almost every girl in the street wears

32、 a pair.街上的女孩幾乎人人都穿。(1) in the order of 以的順序eg.Mr Song talked to us one dy one ?宋老師按座次。的順序挨個找我們談話(2) keep sth. in order維持秩序 Some teacher find difficult to .一些老師發(fā)現(xiàn)維持課堂秩序很難(3) give the order to do sth.下令做 The general advance.將軍下令前進(jìn)。(4) take orders from sb. 執(zhí)行某人命令 Eve only the manager.伊芙只執(zhí)行經(jīng)理的命令。(5) in

33、 order to do sth. 為了以便 get a complete picture,further information .為掌握全面情況，還需要更多信息。(6) in order that 為了，后跟從句 She worked hard she could get a good chance.她努力工作以便可以得到更好的機(jī)會。(7) out of order 有毛病，出故障 The cellphone .這手機(jī)壞了。2.This much-loved and active sport is enjoyed by many, for fun and exercise.這項深受喜愛的有

34、活力的運(yùn)動被許多人喜歡，用以娛樂和鍛煉。(1)much-loved 備受喜愛的，至愛的 eg. Can you stand one get hurt?看到你至愛的人受到傷害，你受得了嗎？ well-loved深受愛戴的eg: After years hard work, Pu Cunxing has become actor. 經(jīng)過多年的努力，濮存昕已成為深受人們愛戴和尊敬的演員。(2)active 活動的，活潑的，積極地 my grandpa is nearly 90,he is still very . 盡管我爺爺近90了，他仍然很活躍。a.The child has a very .那個

35、小孩的想象力十分豐富。b.Everyone should school life.人人都應(yīng)積極參加學(xué)校活動(3)actively 副詞，積極地 eg, Your proposal .你的提議正得到認(rèn)真考慮。activity 名詞，活動 eg,The club provides many , tennis and swimming. 本俱樂部提供包括網(wǎng)球和游泳在內(nèi)的許多活動。3.It is played by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries including China, where basketball has been

36、played in parks, school, and even in factories.包括中國在內(nèi)的200多個國家里有1億多人在打籃球，在公園里，學(xué)校甚至工廠里都有人在打籃球。Where引導(dǎo)的定語從句用逗號與主句隔開，是非限定性定語從句。類似的句子有：I will never forget your house, I spoke in front of so many people for the first time.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記你家，在那里我第一次在那么多人面前講話。4.Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named Jame

37、s Naismith ,who was born in 1861.籃球是有一個叫詹姆斯。奈史密斯的加拿大醫(yī)生發(fā)明的，他出生于1861. Who was born in 1861是非限定性定語從句，用逗號與主句隔開，。Eg: Do you know the beautiful actress called Zhou Dongyu, starred the movie Under the Hawthorn Tree? 你知道主演山楂樹之戀的那個叫周冬雨的女演員嗎？Water, is a clear liquid , .水是一種清澈的液體，有許多用途。5.When he was at college

38、, his class was once asked to invent a new game that could be played indoors during the long winters. 上大學(xué)時，他的班級曾被要求發(fā)明一種能在漫長的冬季在室內(nèi)玩的游戲。（1）be asked to do sth. 被要求做某事 eg: All the teachers in our college .我們學(xué)院所有老師都被要求穿制服（2）indoors 副詞，在戶內(nèi) Many herbs and they can grow very well. 許多草本植物都能在室內(nèi)種植并長得好。Youd bet

39、ter .你最好呆在室內(nèi)。The heavy rain stopped them eating .大雨阻止了他們在外野餐。6.Dr Naismith created a game to be played on a hard wooden floor, so the safety of the players was important.奈史密斯醫(yī)生創(chuàng)造了一種要在堅硬的木質(zhì)地板上玩的運(yùn)動，因此隊員的安全是很重要的。create 創(chuàng)造，創(chuàng)作，創(chuàng)建。creator, 創(chuàng)造者 creation 創(chuàng)作物典例：At least 300 million people are using QQ by Ma

40、Huateng to chat online. A. create B.creats C.creating D.created7.Knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous. 隊員相互碰撞和跌倒都將是很危險的。knock 短語脫口秀： knock at, knock on 敲敲（門）， 敲敲（窗） knock over, knock down 打翻（杯子），推倒（墻 ） knock against 撞或碰，knock into 撞上誰典例：The old man a policeman while listening to

41、 the MP5 given by his little daughter. A. knocked on B. knocked into C. knocked down into D. knocked over8.Dr Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught them how to play his new game.奈史密斯醫(yī)生把班上的男生分成兩組教他們玩這種游戲。 本句中的o是動介短語， My father the cake four pieces.我爸爸把蛋糕分成4塊典例：In Z

42、DB School, students are often (分成)groups to discuss difficult problems.9.The aim of basketball is for players to get a ball into the “basket”：a net hanging from a metal hoop. 籃球運(yùn)動的目標(biāo)是讓運(yùn)動員把球投入籃筐：一個懸掛在金屬圈下的網(wǎng)。aim 的用法:（1）the aim of的目She went to Shenzhen with _ _ _.他去深圳是為了賺錢。（2）aim at 力求達(dá)到 We the first p

43、rize .我們力求拿到一等獎。（3）aim to do sth. 力求做某事The government reduce the air pollution.政府力求減少大氣污染。（4）be aimed at 目的是，旨在 These measures protecting wildlife.這些措施旨在保護(hù)野生生物。hang 的用法：（1）垂下（hung,hung）He his head in shame. 他羞愧地低下頭。（2）掛在墻（hung,hung）Several paintings in the sitting room. 幾幅畫掛在客廳里（3）絞死，施以絞刑（hanged,han

44、ged）Nanthan Hill at last.內(nèi)森。希爾最后被絞死了。10.Players shoot from below the basket and may use the “backboard” for guiding the ball into the basket. 運(yùn)動員從藍(lán)下他投球，可以利用“籃板”指引球進(jìn)入籃筐。shoot的用法：（1）shoot at sb. 朝某人開槍 Dont .別朝我開槍。 （2）go shooting 打獵 They .他們?nèi)敉獯颢C去了。below與under 用法辨析：below 指一物的位置低于另一物，但不一定在正下方;還可以用于計量單位或

45、刻度。 The Green family live in the apartment .格林一家住在我們樓下的公寓里。 Venice is now several meters the sea level. 威尼斯現(xiàn)在在海平面一下好幾米了。而under 指兩事物的空間立體性，且多指垂直;還表示“少于” The ball is the table. 球在桌子的下面。 All our pants are 20 dollars. 所有我們的褲子都低于20 美元。11. It is believed that. 相當(dāng)于people believe that.是“人們相信/認(rèn)為”的意思， _ _ _ _

46、 by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.= _ _ that by the year 2010, the population of the world will be seven billion.人們都認(rèn)為到2010年，世界人口將達(dá)到七十億。還有It is said that. 據(jù)說 It is reported that. 據(jù)報道 It is supposed that.據(jù)猜想12. including prep. 介詞 包括 可以與名詞和動名詞連用 如: Six people,_ a bab

47、y, were hurt. 6個人包括一個小孩受傷了。13. have been played 被上演 是現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)：have /has been +過去分詞14. be born 出生 He _ _ in Canada. 他在加拿大出生15. safety n. 安全_adj. 安全的16. divide sth. into 將劃分成. 通常指將一個整體分成幾個對應(yīng)相對的部分 如：Lets_ourselves _ 4groups. 讓我們把我們自己劃成4組。18. since then 自從那以后 常與完成時態(tài)連用 如：_ _, I _ _ Beijing

48、. 自從那以后，我已經(jīng)離開了北京。課后練習(xí)：用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. I hear he likes _ (morning) very much. 2. I _ (real) want to see him soon. 3. Is mother had a _ (quickly) breakfast, and went to0 work this morning. 4. Does the teacher often help you with your _( homework)? 5. Last night he went to bed later, so he looks _ (exhaust) today. 6. Did you go to watch any _ (video) yesterday? 7. _ (hundred) of people took part in the party last night. 8. They ere waiting for the _ (school) b