小升初名詞專題及練習(xí)及易錯題10頁

1、名 詞一教學(xué)內(nèi)容1復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課的內(nèi)容，鞏固上節(jié)課的重難點2講解新課內(nèi)容A.名詞的定義名詞是表示人、事、物、地點以及抽象概念的詞Linda 琳達 boy 男孩 dog 狗 table 桌子 park 公園 Paris 巴黎 peace 和平 courage 勇氣B名詞的分類 總的來說，英語中的名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩類專業(yè)名詞人名、星期、月份、節(jié)日、城市、建筑、團體、機構(gòu)的名稱等 Peter , Sonw White , Sunday , April , Christmas Day , China , London , the United Nations 聯(lián)合國，the Communis

2、t Party of China 中國共產(chǎn)黨 普通名詞可數(shù)名詞個體名詞 doctor醫(yī)生，teacher老師，orange桔子，desk課桌 集合名詞 police 警察，people 人民，family 家庭，army 軍隊 ，class 同學(xué)不可數(shù)名詞抽象名詞 time 時間fun 玩笑，kindness 善意，idea 主意，knowledge 知識youth 青春 ， love 愛 ，物質(zhì)名詞 rice 大米，water 水，fire 火，air 空氣 C.名詞的數(shù) 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞：可數(shù)名詞由單數(shù)變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式，其構(gòu)成方法分為規(guī)則和不規(guī)則兩種可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則一般名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成法構(gòu)

3、成法例詞一般情況下，在名詞單數(shù)形式的詞尾加sbook-books, day-days, desk-desks以-s, -x,，-ch，-sh，結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加esclass-classes, box-boxes, match-matches, wish- wishes以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y變成i后加es以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞，直接+scity-cities, country-countries, factory-factoriesboy-boys,key-keys,guy-guys以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞，一般將f或fe變成v后，再加esleaf-leaves, wife-wi

4、ves, life- lives, thief-thieves, knife-knives, half-halves, shelf-shelves以輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的名詞，一般在詞尾加eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes，zoo-zoos,radio-rodios,photo photos 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化某些名詞的不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成法構(gòu)成法例詞變內(nèi)部元音footfeet，manmen toothteeth，womanwomen ,policewomanpolicewomen單復(fù)數(shù)同形fish-fish

5、 ,deer-deer ,sheep-sheep ,Chinese-ChineseJapannese- Japanese, Swiss,yuan完全不規(guī)則child-children, mouse-mice, ox- oxen復(fù)合名詞主要詞改復(fù)數(shù)boy student- boys students含man和woman的前后兩個詞都改復(fù)數(shù)man doctor men doctorswoman teacher women teachers注：有些詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式 （1） 某些通常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞。如：trousers，glasses(眼鏡),shoes等。 不可數(shù)名詞：英文中的不可數(shù)名詞不易把握

6、，我們不能按照漢語的思維去判斷一個名詞到底是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)，因此，對于不可數(shù)名詞需要強化記憶，但總的來講不可數(shù)名詞是有規(guī)律的；物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，表示不可以計數(shù)的事物的名詞叫不可數(shù)名詞，一般不分單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)，這類詞通常不可以和不定冠詞連接，也不可以加上基數(shù)詞表示個數(shù)，因此，不可數(shù)名詞要計量的話，就得用單位詞，學(xué)過的不可數(shù)名詞有：news，paper，milk，orange（桔子汁），bread， chalk，truth，water，rice，work，housework，homework，luck，ink，meat，money ，sugar， grass，ice等等。 1 物質(zhì)名詞通

7、常不可數(shù)液體beer,blood,coffee,cream,honey,juice,milk,oil,tea,water,wine固體：bread,butter,cheese,ice,ice-cream,meat,beef,chicken,fish氣體：air,fog,smoke2 抽象名詞通常不可數(shù)advice,anger,beauty,confidence,fun,happiness,health,information,love,peace,luck3 總稱的名詞通常不可數(shù)總稱名詞（不可數(shù)）部分名詞（可數(shù)）furniture(家具)chair,table,bedfruit(水果)appl

8、e,orange,bananajewelry(珠寶)ring(戒指)，earring（耳環(huán)）necklace（項鏈）luggagebag(包) suitcase（手提箱）4 不可數(shù)名詞的度量1）不可數(shù)名詞前面不能加冠詞a/an 如: a water, a bread,an advice,a furniture2) 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式 如：two waters,two breads，ten advices3) 表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，可以借用量詞（單位詞）來表示其量的概念;不同類型的不可數(shù)名詞所使用的量詞也不一樣，一般規(guī)則如下：修飾詞例詞短語用piece，bit修飾的抽象名詞，物質(zhì)名詞Advi

9、ce/cakechalkicemeatmusicnewspaperworksugar；a bit of breadgrassnewstroublewood/furniture/information,a piece of news,two pieces of news,several pieces of furniture用bottle,cup,drop,glass修飾液體beer,blood,coffee,milk,tea,water,wineseveral drops of blood, a glass of milk,two cups of coffeeE. 名詞的所有格 名詞中表示所有

10、關(guān)系的形式叫名詞所有格。在表示人或物品的所屬關(guān)系時，就需要用到名詞所有格。所有格有兩種形式：一種是- s格，即在名詞后面加-s,多用來修飾有生命的東西；另一種是of格，即在介詞of后面加名詞，多用來修飾沒有生命的東西例如：Where is the teacher's office？中的teacher's一詞。 -s格情況改法例子一般情況名詞的末尾加-sLilys room, the girls father以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞名詞的末尾加-Teachers Day復(fù)數(shù)名詞不以s結(jié)尾加s名詞的末尾加-sChildrens Day擁有東西時幾個人共同擁有在最后一個人名加-sJim

11、and Kates kite（兩人共同擁有的）分別擁有在每個人名后加-sJims and kates kite（各自擁有）表示店鋪或某人的家所有格-s后面通常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，名詞所有格直接表示具體的意義The barbers 理發(fā)店The Whites 懷特家（2）0f格名詞代表的事物是沒有生命，常用of組成的短語表示所有格，如：the colour of the desk, a picture of a cat，the first lesson of this term名詞考點分析：考點一：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)例題 寫出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式mouth _ boy _ Englishman _wif

12、e _ story _ piano _box _ potato _ 考點二： 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)在句中的應(yīng)用1.These are your _.A apple B books C pen2. This is a _. A women B man C men3.Look! There are some _(sheep) and _(fox) in the zoo.舉一反三練習(xí)一 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. The _(child) are talking to their teacher.2. In the past,none of the bus drivers were _(woman)3. T

13、hese are _(boy) names.4. They are _ (woman) doctors.5. They are from _(Japanese).二 單詞選擇1We are _ and we speak _. A Chinese,Chinese B Chinese ,China C China,Chinese D Chinese,Chinese2. -Whos that _? -Hes my brother. A man B woman C men D women3. Those girls are _. A Americans B an American C Americas

14、 D American4. I want three _ and four _ milk,please. A bags,bottle B bag,bottle of C bags,bottle of D bags,bottles of 5. I dont have any _,but I have some _. A apple,juice B apple,juices C apples,juice D apples,juices名詞練習(xí)按要求寫出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1 man _ 2 woman_ 3 banana_ 4 bus_ 5 child_ 6 foot_ 7 businessman_

15、 8 sheep_ 9 leaf_ 10 dish_ 11 pen _ 12 deer_ 13 baby_ 14 map_ 15 city_ 16 box_ 17 book_ 18 class_ 19 hero_ 20 knife_ 21 car _ 22 fox_ 23 watch_ 24 library_ 25 pear_ 26 skirt _ 27 shelf _ 28 cinema _ 29 eye_ 30 office_ 31 tomato _ 32 tooth_ 33 radio _ 34 zoo_下列名詞有沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，有的請在橫線上寫出來，沒有的請在橫線上畫 “/”1. mok

16、ey _ 2. class _ 3. cola _ 4. shelf _5. rice _ 6. nurse _ 7. peach _ 8. library _9. dog _ 10. milk _ 11. dress _ 12. postman _13. tooth _ 12. sister _ 15. sheep _ 16. cinema _17. dish _ 18. wall _ 19. child _ 20. bread _選擇正確的詞填空1 Those hamburgers are _(Tom,Toms).2 Nina is at _ (grandmas,grandma),she

17、went there yesterday.3 We have 16 new _(light,lights).4 _(The classrooms door,The door of the classroom)is broken.5 My friend Edward has three _(child,children).6 Do you like eating _(rice,rices)7 There re 4 _ (tea,cups of tea) on the desk.8 How many _ (wolfs,wolves) are there?9 I like _ (chicken,ch

18、ickens) better than pork.下列名詞的正確形式填空。1.Is this _(apple) ? No, it isnt.2.What are these? They are _( orange).3.Pass me _(pencil ).4.Give me some _(egg)., please.5.Are those your _( shoe)? Yes, they are.6.Those shoes are _( Tom).7.Is the big _ （orange）Lindas?8.This _(T-shirt) is big.9.How many _(fish)

19、 are there in the river?10.They have some new _（hat）.11.A pigs _ (ear) are big.選擇題(    )1The girls_ are Lily and Lucy    Aname         Bnames       Cnames (   )2Is that_ in English? 

20、60;  Aa car        Bcar         C. cars(   )3How many _ can you see?    Aa colour     Bcolour      Ccolours(    )4I have three _.  

21、;  A. a sister     B. sisters     C. sister(   )5One，two，three five. Five _.    A. monkey       B. monkeies    C. monkeys(    )6. Are you a _?    A. boy &#

22、160;        B. bogs        C. pen(   )7This is a _.    Abox          B. bags        Cboys(    )8She is a good _.

23、60;   Ateachers     Bteacher     Cboy(   )9They are _    Awoman        Bwomans      Cwomen( )10. There is _ on the table. A. box B. a box C. boxes( )11. There are tw

24、o _ on the desk.A. pencil-box B. pencils- box C. pencil- boxes( ) 12. How many _ are there in the room?A. girls B. girl C. boy and girls( ) 13. There are five _ in the classroom.A. children B. childrens C. childs( ) 14. They arent from the same _. A. faimilys B. families C. family( ) 15. They are ha

25、ving _ . A. a class B. a English class C. China class（ ）16. Are Toms Chinese _ new? A. book B. books C. a book( )17. The _ are in Room 304. A. student B. a student C. students( ) 18. Those new _ are for you. A. shirts B. skirt C. shoe( )19. The _ has some nice pictures. A. boys B. teachers C. child(

26、 ) 20. The _ are singing in the house. A. woman B. women C. man( ) 21. Some _ are eating grass on the hill. A. sheep B. hores C. cow( )22. How many _ are there in the box? A. knife B. knifes C. knives( )23. - Whose _ is it? - Maybe its _. A. jackets, Toms B. jacket, Tom C. jacket, Toms( )24. Those a

27、re the _ books. A. teachers B. teachers C. teacher( ) 25. Therere a lot of children in the park on _ Day. A. Children B. Childrens C. Childrens( )26. Its _ bedroom. A. Amy and Annas B. Amys and Annas C. Amy and Anna( ) 27. That is _ dog. A. Jacks B. Jacks C. Jack( ) 28. _ coats are very nice. A. Jim and Tims B. Jims and Tims C. Jim and Tim( ) 29. September 10th is _. A. Teachers Day B. Teachers Day C. Teachers Day根據(jù)中文提示補全句子1.