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1、機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化專(zhuān)業(yè)2011屆機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)(基礎(chǔ))課程程設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說(shuō)明書(shū)二級(jí)圓錐圓柱齒輪減速器 專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí): 機(jī)械1101班 姓 名: 藍(lán)英必 學(xué) 號(hào): 20114410121 指導(dǎo)教師: 王劍彬 2014年6月2號(hào)目錄一、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)·······························
2、;·························41.1任務(wù)要求·······················
3、83;····························41.2轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方案····················&
4、#183;·······························41.3原始數(shù)據(jù)·················
5、;···································42、 傳動(dòng)方案的擬定以及說(shuō)明············
6、183;·····························53、 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇與傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算················&
7、#183;·····63.1 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇··········································
8、183;·····6 1電動(dòng)機(jī)類(lèi)型的選擇··········································6 2
9、電動(dòng)機(jī)容量的選擇··········································6 3確定電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速·····
10、;·····································63.2傳動(dòng)裝置總傳動(dòng)比的計(jì)算和各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比的分配·········
11、;···········7 1傳動(dòng)裝置總傳動(dòng)比·····································
12、·····7 2分配各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比···········································
13、183;73.3計(jì)算傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)································7 1各軸轉(zhuǎn)速·············&
14、#183;····································7 2各軸輸入功率···········
15、3;··································8 4各軸轉(zhuǎn)矩··············
16、83;···································8四、傳動(dòng)零件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算············
17、83;································94.1、直齒圓錐齒輪傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算··············
18、83;·················9 1選定齒輪精度等級(jí)、材料及齒數(shù)·····························
19、3;9 2按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)····································9 3按齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)·········
20、··························11 4幾何尺寸計(jì)算······················
21、183;······················144.2、斜齒圓柱齒輪的傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算························
22、·····14 1選定齒輪精度等級(jí)、材料及齒數(shù)·····························14 2按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)··········
23、83;························15 3按齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)·······················
24、············18 4幾何尺寸計(jì)算····································
25、183;········21五、軸的計(jì)算········································
26、··············215.1輸入軸(I軸)的設(shè)計(jì)·································
27、83;······21 1求輸入軸上的功率、轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩·······················21 2求作用在齒輪上的力···············
28、183;·······················22 3初步確定軸的最小直徑························
29、·············23 4軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)···································
30、183;·········24 5軸的載荷計(jì)算······································
31、3;······25 6按彎扭合成應(yīng)力校核軸的強(qiáng)度·······························255.2中間軸(II軸)的設(shè)計(jì)·······&
32、#183;·······························26 1求輸入軸上的功率、轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩···············&
33、#183;·······26 2求作用在齒輪上的力·······································26 3初步
34、確定軸的最小直徑·····································28 4軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)··········
35、···································28 5軸的載荷計(jì)算·············
36、183;·······························29 6按彎扭合成應(yīng)力校核軸的強(qiáng)度···············
37、83;···············305.3輸出軸(軸)的設(shè)計(jì)································&
38、#183;······31 1求輸入軸上的功率、轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩·······················31 2求作用在齒輪上的力···············
39、························31 3初步確定軸的最小直徑·······················
40、3;·············31 4軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)···································
41、··········32 5軸的載荷計(jì)算······································
42、183;······35 6按彎扭合成應(yīng)力校核軸的強(qiáng)度·······························35 7精確校核軸的疲勞強(qiáng)度·······&
43、#183;·····························35六、軸承壽命的校核··················
44、183;······························376.1輸入軸(I軸)滾動(dòng)軸承的壽命校核計(jì)算···············
45、83;········376.2中間軸(II軸)滾動(dòng)軸承的壽命校核計(jì)算·······················396.3輸出軸(III軸)滾動(dòng)軸承的壽命校核計(jì)算··········
46、183;···········417、 鍵聯(lián)接的選擇及校核計(jì)算···································
47、3;·····447.1輸入軸(I軸)鍵的選擇及校核計(jì)算····························44 1校核聯(lián)軸器處的鍵連接···········
48、;··························44 2校核圓錐齒輪處的鍵連接·····················
49、183;·············447.2中間軸(II軸)鍵的選擇及校核計(jì)算···························447.3輸出軸(III軸)鍵的選擇及校核計(jì)算··
50、;························45 1校核聯(lián)軸器處的鍵連接·······················
51、83;·············45 2校核圓柱齒輪處的鍵連接··································
52、·458、 聯(lián)軸器的選擇···············································&
53、#183;··468.1輸入軸(I軸)聯(lián)軸器········································468.2輸出軸(III軸)聯(lián)軸器··
54、;····································469、 潤(rùn)滑和密封············&
55、#183;········································469.1齒輪的潤(rùn)滑·······
56、83;·········································469.2軸承的潤(rùn)滑與密封······
57、183;····································479.3潤(rùn)滑油牌號(hào)及油量計(jì)算···········
58、;····························47 1潤(rùn)滑油牌號(hào)選擇····················
59、·······················47 2油量計(jì)算·························
60、3;·······················479.4減速器的密封·························
61、;······················47十、減速器箱體及其附件的選擇與設(shè)計(jì)························
62、3;········4810.1箱體結(jié)構(gòu)形式及材料·······································&
63、#183;4810.2減速器附件選擇············································48 1視孔蓋和窺視孔·&
64、#183;·········································48 2放油孔與螺塞······
65、83;······································48 3油標(biāo)··········
66、83;··········································49 4通氣孔······
67、183;············································49 5起蓋螺釘····
68、·············································49 6定位銷(xiāo)····
69、;···············································49 7吊環(huán)··
70、;··················································
71、;·4910.3箱體主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸表········································5011、 設(shè)計(jì)小結(jié)····
72、3;················································5112、 參考文獻(xiàn)
73、··················································
74、···52- 56 -設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果一、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)1.1任務(wù)要求1.2傳動(dòng)方案1.3原始數(shù)據(jù)一、設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)1.1任務(wù)要求設(shè)計(jì)一用于帶式運(yùn)輸機(jī)上的圓錐圓柱齒輪減速器。工作經(jīng)常滿(mǎn)載,空載起動(dòng),工作有輕振,不反轉(zhuǎn)。雙班制工作。運(yùn)輸帶容許速度誤差5%。減速器為小批量生產(chǎn),使用年限為10年,每年按300天計(jì)。1.2傳動(dòng)方案示意圖圖1:二級(jí)圓錐圓柱齒輪減速器轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)示意圖1.3原始數(shù)據(jù)傳送帶拉力F(N)傳送帶速度V(m/s)滾筒直徑D(mm)10002.6400設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果二、傳動(dòng)方案的擬定及說(shuō)明二、傳動(dòng)方案的擬訂及說(shuō)明 根據(jù)帶式運(yùn)輸機(jī)的工作特性要求減速
75、器能起到傳動(dòng)平穩(wěn),且能承受較大的載荷變化,而且傳動(dòng)比也較大,故選用圓錐圓柱齒輪做為減速器的傳動(dòng)裝置。由于錐齒輪能適應(yīng)高速的性能,所以作為減速器第一級(jí),為了減速器兩級(jí)之間工作的協(xié)調(diào)性,平衡軸所承受的部分軸向力,則在第二級(jí)選用斜齒輪外嚙合來(lái)達(dá)到此要求。設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果3、 電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇與傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算3.1電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇1、 電動(dòng)機(jī)類(lèi)型的選擇2、 電動(dòng)機(jī)容量的選擇3、確定電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速三、電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇與傳動(dòng)裝置運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)的計(jì)算3.1電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇1、電動(dòng)機(jī)類(lèi)型選擇:選擇電動(dòng)機(jī)的類(lèi)型為三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī),額定電壓交流380V。2、電動(dòng)機(jī)容量選擇:(1)工作機(jī)所需功率 F-工作機(jī)阻力
76、 V-工作機(jī)線速度(2)電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出功率 考慮傳動(dòng)裝置的功率損耗,電動(dòng)機(jī)的輸出功率為 為電動(dòng)機(jī)到工作機(jī)主動(dòng)軸之間的總效率,即 -聯(lián)軸器效率取0.99 -滾動(dòng)軸承傳動(dòng)效率取0.98-圓錐齒輪傳動(dòng)效率取0.95 -圓柱齒輪傳動(dòng)效率取0.97-卷筒效率取0.96 (3)確定電動(dòng)機(jī)的額定功率 因載荷平穩(wěn),電動(dòng)機(jī)額定功率略大于即可。所以可以暫定電動(dòng)機(jī)的額定功率為4.0kW。3、確定電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速 卷筒工作轉(zhuǎn)速 三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī),額定電壓交流380V設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果3.2傳動(dòng)裝置總傳動(dòng)比的計(jì)算和各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比的分配1、傳動(dòng)裝置總傳動(dòng)比2、分配各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比3.3計(jì)算傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)1、各軸轉(zhuǎn)速由于兩級(jí)
77、圓錐-圓柱齒輪減速器一般傳動(dòng)比為8-22,故電動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速可選的范圍為。 可見(jiàn)同步轉(zhuǎn)速為1500r/min ,1000r/min 的電動(dòng)機(jī)都符合。綜合考慮電動(dòng)機(jī)和傳動(dòng)裝置的尺寸,質(zhì)量及價(jià)格等因素,為使傳動(dòng)裝置結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,決定選用同步轉(zhuǎn)速為1500r/min的電動(dòng)機(jī)。表2:電動(dòng)機(jī)主要性能電動(dòng)機(jī)型號(hào)額定功率/kW滿(mǎn)載轉(zhuǎn)速/(r/min)啟動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩/額定轉(zhuǎn)矩最大轉(zhuǎn)矩/額定轉(zhuǎn)矩Y112M-44.014402.22.33.2傳動(dòng)裝置總傳動(dòng)比的計(jì)算和各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比的分配1、傳動(dòng)裝置總傳動(dòng)比=1440/124.14=11.602、分配各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比對(duì)于圓錐一圓柱齒輪減速器,為使大錐齒輪的尺寸不致過(guò)大,一般可取,最好使高速
78、級(jí)錐齒輪的傳動(dòng)比,當(dāng)要求兩級(jí)傳動(dòng)大齒輪的浸油深度大致相等時(shí),也可取,所以取。3.3計(jì)算傳動(dòng)裝置的運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力參數(shù)1、各軸轉(zhuǎn)速(各軸的標(biāo)號(hào)均已在圖中標(biāo)出) 電動(dòng)機(jī)型號(hào)Y112M-4i=11.60設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果2、 各軸輸入功率3、各軸轉(zhuǎn)矩2、各軸輸入功率 3、各軸轉(zhuǎn)矩 將計(jì)算結(jié)果匯總列表如下表3:軸的運(yùn)動(dòng)及動(dòng)力參數(shù)項(xiàng)目電動(dòng)機(jī)軸高速級(jí)軸I中間軸II低速級(jí)軸III卷筒軸轉(zhuǎn)速(r/min33124.14124.14功率(kW)3.253.223.002.852.77轉(zhuǎn)矩(N.mm)傳動(dòng)比12.74.31效率0.990.9310.95060.9702設(shè)
79、計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果四、傳動(dòng)件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算4.1、直齒圓錐齒輪傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算1、 選定齒輪精度等級(jí)、材料及齒數(shù)2、按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)四、傳動(dòng)件的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算4.1、直齒圓錐齒輪傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 已知輸入功率,小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)速,齒數(shù)比,由電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),工作壽命10年(設(shè)每年工作300天),雙班制,帶式輸送機(jī)工作經(jīng)常滿(mǎn)載,空載起動(dòng),工作有輕震,不反轉(zhuǎn)。1、選定齒輪精度等級(jí)、材料及齒數(shù)1)圓錐圓柱齒輪減速器為通用減速器,速度不高,故選用7級(jí)精度(GB10095-88)2)材料選擇查1P191表10-1選擇小齒輪材料為(調(diào)質(zhì)),硬度為280HBS,大齒輪材料為45(調(diào)質(zhì)),硬度為240HBS。3)選小齒輪齒
80、數(shù),大齒輪齒數(shù)。所以應(yīng)取。2、按齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)由設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算公式進(jìn)行試算,即 (1)確定公式內(nèi)的各計(jì)算數(shù)值1)試選載荷系數(shù)2)計(jì)算小齒輪的轉(zhuǎn)矩 3) 選齒寬系數(shù)4)查1P211圖10-25d按齒面硬度查得小齒輪的接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度極限,大齒輪的接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度極限7級(jí)精度小齒輪材料(調(diào)質(zhì))硬度280HBS大齒輪材料45(調(diào)質(zhì)),硬度240HBS設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果5)查1P202表10-5得材料的彈性影響系數(shù)6)計(jì)算應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù) 7)查1P208圖10-23取接觸疲勞壽命系數(shù) 8) 查1P203圖10-20得區(qū)域系數(shù)9) 計(jì)算接觸疲勞許用應(yīng)力取失效概率為1%,安全系數(shù)S=1,得 (2) 計(jì)算1
81、) 試算小齒輪分度圓直徑,代入中較小的值,即所以: 2) 計(jì)算圓周速度 3)當(dāng)量齒輪的齒寬系數(shù)齒寬:設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果3、按齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì) 4) 計(jì)算載荷系數(shù)根據(jù),8級(jí)精度(降低了一級(jí)精度),查1P194圖10-8得動(dòng)載系數(shù)直齒輪查1P192表10-2得使用系數(shù)由1P196表104用插值法查得7級(jí)精度、小齒輪懸臂時(shí),得齒向載荷分布系數(shù)接觸強(qiáng)度載荷系數(shù) 5)按實(shí)際的載荷系數(shù)校正所算得的分度圓直徑,得 6)計(jì)算模數(shù)m 3、按齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)(1)由1P226公式10-27計(jì)算模數(shù),即 1) 確定公式中的參數(shù)值a、 試選b、計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果由分錐角 可得當(dāng)量齒數(shù)
82、由1P200圖10-17查得齒形系數(shù)由1P201圖10-18查得應(yīng)力修正系數(shù)由1P209圖10-24c查得小齒輪和大齒輪的齒根彎曲疲勞極限分別為 由1P208圖10-22取彎曲疲勞壽命系數(shù)取彎曲疲勞安全極限系數(shù)S=1.7,則 因?yàn)榇簖X輪的大于小齒輪,所以取 =2)試算模數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果 (2) 調(diào)整齒輪模數(shù)1) 計(jì)算實(shí)際載荷系數(shù)前的數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)備a、 圓周速度v b、齒寬b 2) 計(jì)算實(shí)際載荷系數(shù)a、 根據(jù),8級(jí)精度,由1圖10-8查得動(dòng)載系數(shù)b、 直齒錐齒輪精度較低,取齒間載荷分配系數(shù)c、 由1表10-4用插值法查得則載荷系數(shù)為 3) 由此可得按實(shí)際載荷系數(shù)算得的齒輪模數(shù)為 按照齒根
83、彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度計(jì)算的模數(shù),就近選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模數(shù)m=1.5mm,按照接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度算得的分度圓直徑,算出小齒輪齒數(shù) 取,所以取大齒輪齒數(shù)。為了使兩設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果4、幾何尺寸計(jì)算4.2、斜齒圓柱齒輪的傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算1、 選定齒輪精度等級(jí)、材料及齒數(shù)齒輪齒數(shù)互質(zhì),取4、幾何尺寸計(jì)算(1)計(jì)算分度圓直徑 計(jì)算齒輪分錐角 (3)計(jì)算齒輪寬度 取齒數(shù)模數(shù)/(mm)壓力角分錐角齒寬/(mm)變位數(shù)小齒輪431.5210大齒輪1161.5210表4:高速級(jí)直齒圓錐齒輪的參數(shù)4.2、斜齒圓柱齒輪的傳動(dòng)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算已知輸入功率,小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)速,齒數(shù)比,由電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng),工作壽命10年(設(shè)每年工作300天),雙班制,帶
84、式輸送機(jī)工作經(jīng)常滿(mǎn)載,空載起動(dòng),工作有輕震,不反轉(zhuǎn)。1、選定齒輪精度等級(jí)、材料及齒數(shù)1) 圓錐圓柱齒輪減速器為通用減速器,速度不高,故選用7級(jí)精度(GB10095-88)。7級(jí)精度設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果2、按齒面接觸強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)度(GB10095-88)。2)查1P191表10-1選擇小齒輪材料為40Cr(調(diào)質(zhì)),小齒輪齒面硬度為280HBS,大齒輪材料為45(調(diào)質(zhì)),大齒輪齒面硬度為240HBS。3)選小齒輪齒數(shù),大齒輪齒數(shù)。取。4)選取螺旋角。初選螺旋角。5)壓力角。2、按齒面接觸強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)由設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算公式進(jìn)行小齒輪分度圓直徑的試算,即 (1)確定公式內(nèi)的各計(jì)算數(shù)值1)試選載荷系數(shù)2)計(jì)算小
85、齒輪的轉(zhuǎn)矩 3)選齒寬系數(shù)4)查1P203圖10-20選取區(qū)域系數(shù)5)計(jì)算接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度用重合度系數(shù) 小齒輪材料(調(diào)質(zhì))硬度280HBS大齒輪材料45(調(diào)質(zhì)),硬度240HBS設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果6)查1P202表10-5得材料的彈性影響系數(shù)7)計(jì)算應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù) 8)查1P211圖10-25d按齒面硬度查得小齒輪的接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度極限,大齒輪的接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度極限9)查1P208圖10-23取接觸疲勞壽命系數(shù) 10)計(jì)算接觸疲勞許用應(yīng)力取失效概為1%,安全系數(shù)S=1,得 取較小者為該齒輪接觸疲勞應(yīng)力值(2) 計(jì)算1)試算小齒輪分度圓直徑,由計(jì)算公式得設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果 2) 計(jì)算圓周速
86、度v 3) 計(jì)算齒寬b及模數(shù) 4)計(jì)算縱向重合度 5) 計(jì)算載荷系數(shù)根據(jù),7級(jí)精度,查1P194圖10-8查得動(dòng)載系數(shù)齒輪圓周力 查1P195表10-3得查1P192表10-2得使用系數(shù)查1P197圖10-13得 查1P196表10-4得接觸強(qiáng)度載荷系數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果3、按齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì) 6) 按實(shí)際的載荷系數(shù)校正所算得的分度圓直徑,得 7)計(jì)算模數(shù) 3、按齒根彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)由公式試算齒輪模數(shù): 1) 確定公式中的參數(shù)a、 試選載荷系數(shù)b、 計(jì)算彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度的重合度系數(shù) c、計(jì)算彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度的螺旋角系數(shù) d、計(jì)算 當(dāng)量齒數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果 查1P200圖10-
87、17得齒形系數(shù)查1P201圖10-18得應(yīng)力修正系數(shù)查1P209圖10-24c得查1P208圖10-22得取彎曲疲勞安全系數(shù)S=1.4,得 因?yàn)榇簖X輪的大于小齒輪,所以取2) 試算齒輪模數(shù) (2) 調(diào)整齒輪模數(shù)1) 計(jì)算實(shí)際載荷系數(shù)的準(zhǔn)備a、 圓周速度v 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果 b、齒寬b c、齒高h(yuǎn)及寬高之比b/h 2) 計(jì)算實(shí)際載荷系數(shù)根據(jù)v=0.803m/s,7級(jí)精度,由1圖10-8查得動(dòng)載系數(shù)由 查1表10-3得齒間載荷分配系數(shù)查1表10-4用插值法查得查1圖10-13得則載荷系數(shù)為 3)按實(shí)際載荷系數(shù)算得的齒輪模數(shù) mm對(duì)此計(jì)算結(jié)果,由齒面接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度計(jì)算的法面模數(shù)大與齒根彎曲
88、疲勞強(qiáng)度的法面模數(shù)。從而滿(mǎn)足彎曲疲勞強(qiáng)度出發(fā),從標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中?。粸榱送瑫r(shí)滿(mǎn)足接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度,需按接觸疲勞強(qiáng)度算得的分度圓直徑來(lái)計(jì)算小齒輪的齒數(shù),即mm設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果4、尺寸計(jì)算五、軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算5.1輸入軸(軸)設(shè)計(jì)1、求輸入軸上的功率、轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩取,則,由于和互質(zhì),所以取。4、尺寸計(jì)算(1)計(jì)算中心距 由此應(yīng)取中心距為a=125mm(2) 按整圓后的中心距修正螺旋角 (3) 計(jì)算小、大齒輪的分度圓直徑 (4)計(jì)算齒輪寬度 取表4:低速級(jí)斜齒輪的參數(shù)齒數(shù)模數(shù)/mm壓力角螺旋角齒寬/mm變位數(shù)小齒輪202470大齒輪992420五、軸的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算5.1輸入軸(軸)設(shè)計(jì)1、求輸入軸上的功率、轉(zhuǎn)速
89、和轉(zhuǎn)矩a=125mm設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果2、求作用在齒輪上的力 2、求作用在齒輪上的力已知高速級(jí)小圓錐齒輪的平均分度圓直徑為 所以 圓周力、徑向力及軸向力的方向及分析如圖2所示圖2:軸圓周力、徑向力及軸向力的分析設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果3、初步確定軸的最小直徑4、軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)3、初步確定軸的最小直徑1)先初步估算軸的最小直徑選取軸的材料為45鋼(調(diào)質(zhì)),查1P366表153,取,得 輸入軸的最小直徑為安裝聯(lián)軸器的直徑,為了使所選的軸直徑與聯(lián)軸器的孔徑相適應(yīng),故需同時(shí)選取聯(lián)軸器型號(hào)。聯(lián)軸器的計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)矩查1P347表141,由于轉(zhuǎn)矩變化很小,故取,則 查2P179附表42選HL4型彈性套
90、柱銷(xiāo)聯(lián)軸器,其公稱(chēng)轉(zhuǎn)矩為63000,半聯(lián)軸器的孔徑,故取,半聯(lián)軸器長(zhǎng)度,半聯(lián)軸器與軸配合的轂孔長(zhǎng)度為38mm。4、軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)(1)擬定軸上零件的裝配方案(見(jiàn)圖3,為了方便了解,部分裝配零件只畫(huà)出半部)圖3:軸軸上零件裝配45鋼(調(diào)質(zhì))選HL4型彈性套柱銷(xiāo)聯(lián)軸器公稱(chēng)轉(zhuǎn)矩為63000半聯(lián)軸器的孔徑半聯(lián)軸器長(zhǎng)度半聯(lián)軸器與軸配合的轂孔長(zhǎng)度為38mm設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果(2)根據(jù)軸向定位的要求確定軸的各段直徑和長(zhǎng)度 1)為了滿(mǎn)足半聯(lián)軸器的軸向定位,1-2軸段右端需制出一軸肩,故取2-3段的直徑。 2)初步選擇滾動(dòng)軸承因軸承同時(shí)受有徑向力和軸向力,故選用單列圓錐滾子軸承,參照工作要求并根據(jù),查2
91、P194附表5-4中初步選取0基本游隙組,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)精度級(jí)的單列圓錐滾子軸承30306,其尺寸為,而。這對(duì)軸承均采用軸肩進(jìn)行軸向定位,查2P194附表5-4得30306型軸承的定位軸肩高度,因此取。 3)取安裝齒輪處的軸段6-7的直徑;為使套筒可靠地壓緊軸承,5-6段應(yīng)略短于軸承寬度,故取。 4)軸承端蓋的總寬度為。根據(jù)軸承端蓋的裝拆及便于對(duì)軸承添加潤(rùn)滑油的要求,求得端蓋外端面與半聯(lián)軸器右端面間的距離,故取。 5)錐齒輪輪轂寬度為,為使套筒端面可靠地壓緊齒輪取。 6)由于,故?。?)軸上的周向定位 1)圓錐齒輪的周向定位采用平鍵連接,查1P347表6-1得平鍵截面,鍵槽用鍵槽銑刀加工,長(zhǎng)為,同時(shí)為保
92、證齒輪與軸配合有良好的對(duì)中性,故選擇齒輪輪轂與軸故圓錐滾子軸承30306定位軸肩高度圓錐齒輪的周向定位平鍵長(zhǎng)為設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果5、軸的載荷計(jì)算6、按彎扭合成應(yīng)力校核軸的強(qiáng)度選擇齒輪輪轂與軸的配合為。 2)半聯(lián)軸器與軸的周向定位連接選擇用平鍵截面,長(zhǎng)度為,半聯(lián)軸器與軸的配合為。 3)滾動(dòng)軸承與軸的周向定位是由過(guò)渡配合來(lái)保證的,此處選軸的尺寸公差為k6。(4)確定軸上圓角和倒角尺寸 取軸端倒角為;軸間處的倒角可按R1.6-R2適當(dāng)選取。5、軸的載荷計(jì)算表5:軸上載荷分析表載荷水平面H垂直面V支反力F彎矩M總彎矩扭矩T6、按彎扭合成應(yīng)力校核軸的強(qiáng)度 根據(jù)上表中的數(shù)據(jù)及軸的單向旋轉(zhuǎn),扭轉(zhuǎn)切
93、應(yīng)力為脈動(dòng)循環(huán)應(yīng)力,取,軸的計(jì)算應(yīng)力 齒輪輪轂與軸的配合為半聯(lián)軸器與軸的周向定位平鍵長(zhǎng)度為半聯(lián)軸器與軸的配合為安裝滾動(dòng)軸承處尺寸公差k6軸端倒角為軸間處的倒角按R1.6-R2適當(dāng)選取設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果5.2中間軸(軸)設(shè)計(jì)1、求輸入軸上的功率、轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩2、求作用在齒輪上的力 前已選定軸的材料為45鋼(調(diào)質(zhì)),查1P358表15-1查得,故安全。表6:軸各部尺寸尺寸1-22-33-44-55-66-7l/(mm)365020.75551949d/(mm)2027303730255.2中間軸(軸)設(shè)計(jì)1、求輸入軸上的功率、轉(zhuǎn)速和轉(zhuǎn)矩 2、求作用在齒輪上的力已知小斜齒輪的分度圓直徑為 所
94、以 已知大圓錐齒輪的平均分度圓直徑為 所以 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果圓周力、,徑向力、及軸向力、的方向如圖4所示。圖4:軸圓周力、徑向力及軸向力的分析設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果3、 初步確定軸的最小直徑4、軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)3、初步確定軸的最小直徑先初步估算軸的最小直徑。選取軸的材料為40(調(diào)質(zhì)),查1P366表15-3,取,得中間軸最小直徑顯然是安裝滾動(dòng)軸承的直徑和。4、軸的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)(1)擬定軸上零件的裝配方案(見(jiàn)圖5)圖5:軸軸上零件裝配(2)根據(jù)軸向定位的要求確定軸的各段直徑和長(zhǎng)度1)初步選擇滾動(dòng)軸承。因軸承同時(shí)受有徑向力和軸向力,故選用單列圓錐滾子軸承,參照工作要求并根據(jù),查2P194附表5-4中初步選取0基本游隙組,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)精度級(jí)的單列圓錐滾子軸承30305,其尺寸為40(調(diào)質(zhì))圓錐滾子軸承30305設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果5、軸的載荷計(jì)算所以取。這對(duì)軸承均采用擋油盤(pán)進(jìn)行軸向定位,查2P194附表5-4得30305型軸承的定位軸肩高度,因此取套筒直徑。2
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