Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare重點知識歸納解析

1、在旁邊，在附近； 請再說一遍，對不起 倉促，急促； 建議，提議； 管理人員，職工； 中心的，中央的； 郵寄；發(fā)電子郵件； 東方的； 迷人的， 極有吸引力的 便利的，方便的 有禮貌的； 直接的 要求，請求 正確的。課程，學(xué)科向左轉(zhuǎn) 買一雙鞋子 在某人的右邊 沿著主大街走 吃飯 去三樓 走過書店 休息室有獨特之處 請再說一次 過來;加油 抓住某人的手 在去的路上路過 搖滾樂隊 一些吃的東西 寄信 在購物中心 在某些場合 例如 引人一個請求 使用合適的語言 停車 地下停車庫 換錢Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 重點知識

2、歸納解析重點單詞】1. beside prep.2. pardon interj.3. rush v&n.4. suggest v.5. staff n.6. central adj.7. mail v.8. east adj.9. fascinating adj.10. convenient adj.11. polite adj.12. direct adj.13 request n&v.14. correct adj.15. course n. 【重點詞組】1. turn left2. get a pair of shoes3. on one's right4. g

3、o along Main Street5. have dinner6. go to the third floor7. go past the bookstore8. a room for resting9. be special about. .10. pardon me11. come on12. hold one ' s hand13. one one ' s way to.14. pass by15. a rock band16. something to eat17. mail a letter18. in the shopping center19. in some

4、 situations20. such as21. lead in to a request22. use proper language23. park one ' s car24. an underground parking lot25. change money26. the way to.為感謝某人期盼第一次見到某人 倉促地做某事 做某事很方便27. travel to28. tha nk sb. for doing sth.29. look forward to 30 meet sb. for the first time 31in a rush to do sth.32.

5、 be convenient to do sth.【重點句型】1. not until You never know until you try something.凡事只有親身經(jīng)歷了才能了解。2. It seems (that)It seems a rock band plays there every eve ning.那里好像每天晚上都有樂隊演奏。3do you kno w.Excuse me, do you know where I can buy some medicine?打擾了，請問哪里能買至U藥? 4. Could you please tell me. ?Could you

6、please tell me how to get to the post office?你能告訴我去郵局怎么走嗎？5 .1 won der.I wonder where we should go next.我想知道接下來該去哪里。6. sb. suggest+ 從句The clerk suggests they go to the. museum.工作人員建議他們?nèi)?博物館。【單元重點語法】直接引語變間接引語（一）直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時的變化：1 .人稱的變化規(guī)律：一隨主，二隨賓，三不變2. 時態(tài)的變化規(guī)律：（1）如果主句的謂語動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時，直接引語變間接引語時，賓語從句的謂語動詞的時態(tài)

7、不變。女口： He says ,"I like math-.-He says that he likes math.（2）如果主句的謂語動詞為一般過去時，直接引語變間接引語時，賓語從句的謂語動詞 的時態(tài)要用過去時態(tài)的某一種（一般過去時，過去進行時、過去將來時、過去完成時，即：am / is 變 was ; are 變 were; do /does變 did ; will 變 would ; can 變 could; did 不變或變 had done: have/ has done 變 had done ）注意：當直接引語是真理和事實時，變間接引語時時態(tài)不變。（二）直接引語變間接引語

8、變法如下：1. 直接引語是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時用that, that可以省略。弓I號外面的said to sb要改為told sb :引號外面只有said時，保持不變。女口： He said , like i t very much. - He said that he liked it very much.練習(xí) He said to me ,“ I will learn math well.”Heihatlearn math well.2. 直接引語是一般疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時用if / whether,變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序。弓I號外的saidto sb要改為asked sb,引號外面只有 sa

9、id時,said改為asked，可以加一個 me。女口 “ He said, “ Are you interested in Chinese?”He asked me if I was in terested in Chin ese.練習(xí)： She said to Tom ,” Do you work in the school?”Shein the school.3. 直接引語是特殊疑問句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時仍用原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo)，變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z序。引號外的said to sb要改為asked sb,引號外面只有said時,said改為asked，可以加一個 me。女口：He said to me,

10、 “ What can I do for you? ”He asked me what he could do for me.練習(xí)：He said to Tom, “ How do you find it? ”Heit以上三種變化就是變成賓語從句。4. 直接引語是祈使句：1）肯定的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，去掉引號，在動詞前加to，引號外的said to sb要改為told / asked sb.即構(gòu)成：told/asked sb to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。女口： She said to her son, “ Open the doShe t6ld her son to open the doo

11、r.練習(xí)： He said to me, “ Liste n to me carefully.”Hetocarefully.2）否定的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，去掉引號，把后面的don '改為not to.引號外的 said to sb 要改為 told / asked sb.，即構(gòu)成：told/asked sb notto do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。女口： She said to her son,“ Don ' t open the door. ”She told her son not to ope n the door.練習(xí)： He said to me, “ Don'

12、t si ng in class. ”Hein class.鞏固練習(xí)：將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語：1. She said to us ,“ I has bee n to New York.”Shethatbee n to New York.2. We said to them,“ Have you lear ned Fren ch?”Welear ned Fren ch.3. They said to us,“ When do you do homework? ”They askeddo homework.4. “ Keep quiet, children.” he said.Hethe ch

13、ildre nquiet.5. “ Don' t look out of the window,” she said to me.Shemeout of the wi ndow.6. The teacher said,“ The sun is bigger tha n the moon.”The teacherthat the sunbigger tha n the moon.【重點解析】Section A（ 1a 2d）a.詞匯包pardon vt.寬??；原諒；赦免；勞駕 n.饒恕，原諒；【備課例句】-Will you let me open it?'我能打開它嗎？'

14、Pard on?請再說一遍Can I open it?我能打開它嗎【橫向輻射】pardon/excuse me/sorry的區(qū)別1. excuse me：雖然可以譯為 對不起”但它實際上是一種禮貌的語言形式，主要表達講話 者對受話者的敬重。下列場合較為常見：( 1 )向陌生人問路，要引起對方的注意時，請求別人幫忙時。如： Excuse me, can you tell me where the post office is?(2) 需要打斷別人的談話，或要對別人剛講的內(nèi)容提出反對意見時，為了不顯得粗魯無禮， 常用 excuse meo 如：Excuse me, may I get in a w

15、ord?因故中途離席是中斷和別人的談話時。如：Excuse me, but I must go home now 2. sorry :常用于表示 對不起”和 遺憾”兩種意思，往往帶有較濃的賠不是”的色彩。多見 于下列場合：(1)由于不小心撞著別人或踩了別人的腳。如：Oh, sorry, did I step on your foot?因講話不當或行為失誤而道歉。如：I ' m sorry, I don ' t meanto say it(3) 因不能幫助別人做某事而道歉。如：Sorry, I don ' t know it exactly(4) 聽到某種不幸消息而表示遺

16、憾。如：Tom is about to dieI am sorry to hear that(5) 當你不愿說不明確的事或不禮貌的事時。如： I ' m probably not making myself clear, sorry(6) 準備拒絕別人的要求，反對別人做某事時。如：Sorry, I don ' t agree withyouExcuse me 通常在說或做可能令人不悅的事情之前使用； 而 Sorry 在說或做這種事情之后使 用，表示歉意。3. I beg your pardon可用于(正式場合)：做錯事道歉；談話中提出異議以前；沒聽清對方的話，希望他重復(fù)一遍時(

17、可說Beg pardon或Pardon,可用問號，說時用升調(diào)); (以不友好的語氣說)不相信對方的話是真實的；例如：I beg your pardon but that is my coat 對不起，可那是我的上衣呀。-The third answer is B 第三個答案是 B。-I beg your pardon . (Beg pardon . Pardon) 對不起，請再說一遍好嗎？【課堂變式】 Please don't throw paper on the ground. , I won't.A. Excuse meB. That's all rightC. S

18、orryD. It doesn't matter【解析】考查日常交際用語。Excuse me意為"打擾了" ; That's all right意為"不用謝"Sorry 意為"對不起” ；It does n't matter意為"沒關(guān)系”。根據(jù)句意為 對不起，我不會的”所以選 擇 C 。b. 句式包：1. Excuse me, do you know where I can get some postcard?請問,你知道我在哪 買到明信片嗎？本句是問路或問處所的常用語，通常應(yīng)先說excuse me,以引起對方

19、注意，也表示尊重對方。Excuse me. Could you tell me where Xianfeng Middle School is? 打擾了。請問先鋒中學(xué)在哪兒？【橫向輻射】問路的表示法英語中表達問路或處所的句式有不少，下面介紹幾種常用的問路的方法。 試譯：打擾了。請問去書店怎么走？Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me how I can get to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get

20、to the bookshop?Excuse me. Could you tell me where the bookshop is?Excuse me. Which is the way to the bookshop, please?Excuse me. Where ' s the bookshop, please?Excuse me. How can I get to the bookshop, please?【課堂變式】 , please. Could you tell me which BRT I can take to get to Jinan Railway Statio

21、n? Take No .15 bus and transfer to No B1 BRT.A. Excuse me B .Yes C. Sure D. Hello【解析】考查交際用語。由答語中“Take No .15 bus and transfer to No B1 BRT .（ 乘 15 路汽車）可知，問句是說話人在向別人打聽乘車路線。在向別人求助時，常用Excuse me（對不起，打擾了；勞駕 ）。故答案非 A 莫屬。其他三項都與題意不符，故都被排除，所以選擇 A。Section A（ 3a 3c）a. 詞匯包：suggestv. 建議，提議；【備課例句】My father sugges

22、ted calling for a doctor at once. 父親建議馬上請個醫(yī)生?！緳M向輻射】 suggest 的具體用法一、有 "建議 "的意思 .1） 接名詞作賓語She suggested an early start. 她建議早一點出發(fā) .2） 接動名詞作賓語I suggested putting off the sports meet. 我建議將運動會延期 .3）接that賓語從句，that從句用should+動詞原形should可以省略.She suggested that the class meeting （should） not be held o

23、n Saturday. 她建議班會不要在星期六舉行 .4）接動詞不定式復(fù)合賓語I suggested him giving up the foolish idea. 我建議他放棄那愚蠢的念頭 .二、有 "提出 "的意思 .He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一個不同的計劃 .三、有"暗示、表明 "的意思 .其主語是事物 ，而不是人 .1）接名詞或動名詞作賓語 .Her pale face suggested bad health.她臉色蒼白 看來身體不好.The thought of sum

24、mer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人們聯(lián)想到游泳 .2) 接賓語從句 ,從句用陳述語氣 .如:The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 這個決定表明他可以把家屬帶來 .四、在主語從句 It is suggested that. 及名詞 suggestion 后面表示具體建議的表語從句、 同 位語從句都應(yīng)用 should+ 動詞原形 ,should 可以省略 .如:It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. 人們建

25、議我們在晚會上表演節(jié)目 .【課堂變式】The old suggests back the food to these villagers.A. give B. to give C. giving D. given【解析】 suggest 接動名詞作賓語表示建議做某事，故選 B。b. 句式包：1. I wonder where we should go next? 我想知道我們接著去哪兒？ 此句是由 where 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句作賓語從句?！緜湔n例句】Can you tell me where we will have a picnic? 你能告訴我我們將在哪進行野餐嗎？ 【橫向輻射】 賓語從句

26、用法小結(jié)賓語從句用法小結(jié)(一)、賓語從句根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的不同可分為三種類型：1. 由 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。女口： We knew (that) we should learn from each other.2. 由 if/whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 由 who，where，how 等連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office ？(二 )、賓語從句的語序 陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從

27、句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said.t The teacher said (that) he was an honest boy. 一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序 。如：Does he work hard ？ I wonder t I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I don 't know. tI don 't know when he left.(三) 、賓語從句的時態(tài) 如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)可根據(jù)實

28、際情況而定。如：I have heard( that)he will come back next week. 如果主句是過去的某種時態(tài)，那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用過去的某種時態(tài)。如：He said( that) there were no classes yesterday. 注意：如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象等時，不管主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都要 用一般現(xiàn)在時。如： He said that light travels much faster than sound.（四）、兩副面孔if 和 when 既能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，又能引導(dǎo)賓語從句如：If it rains tomorrow ，I

29、 won't come（. 時間狀語從句）I don ' t know if it will rain tomorrow. （賓語從句）（五）、從句的簡化1. 當主句謂語動詞是 find ， see，watch， hear 等感官動詞時，從句常簡化為“賓語賓補”結(jié)構(gòu)，賓補為不帶 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式。如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.t She found the wallet lie/ly ing on the ground.2. 當主句謂語動詞是hope, wish , decide

30、, forget, plan, agree等，且主句主語與從句主語相同時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如：She agreed thatshe could help me with my math. tShe agreed to help me with my math.3. 在連接代詞 /副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,當從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時, 賓語從句可簡化為 “連接代詞 /副詞不定式 ”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station ？ t Can you tell me how to get to the station【課堂變式】1

31、. Have you ever seen the movie 2012?Yes, but I don't believethe year 2012 will see the end of the world.A. that B. what C. how D. if【解析】此題考查引導(dǎo)詞。從句為陳述句,常選擇連接詞that 或?qū)?that 省略,直接與主句相連。故選 A 。2 The policewoman asked the little boy .A. where did he live B. where he lived C. where he lives D. where doe

32、s he lives 【解析】此題考查賓語從句。賓語從句用陳述句語序,主句是一般過去時,從句需用過去 范疇的時態(tài),故選 B 。2. You never know until you try something. 只有嘗試了才會知道。此句是由until引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，not（never）until從句意為"直到 才”引導(dǎo)時間狀語從 句?！緜湔n例句】I didn 'tknow the truth until I saw with my own eyes. 只到我親眼所見我才知道事情的真相。 【橫向輻射】 until 的句型until的句型1. 肯定句（延續(xù)性動詞）+until+句

33、子.I will wait until he returns.我一直等他回來.肯定句（延續(xù)性動詞）+until+名詞或名詞短語.I waited for him until 12 o我一直等他到 12 點。2. 否定句（瞬間動詞）+until+句子.My mother had no idea of it un til I told her.我媽媽只到我告訴她才知道這事。否定句（瞬間動詞）+until+名詞或名詞短語.I wo n't leave un til 12 o'clock. 到 12 點我才會離開。3. not.until 強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)：It is/was not unt

34、il +從句/表時間詞語+that +肯定句.It was not until I told her that my mother had any idea of it.只到我告訴她，我媽媽才知道這事。4. not.until倒裝句（否定句才能倒裝，因為具有否定意義的詞或短語在句首，句子部分倒 裝）結(jié)構(gòu)：Not until+從句/表時間詞語+主句（倒裝）Not until 12 o'clock will I leave.不到 12 點，我不會離開。【課堂變式】-Look! Here comes our school bus.-No hurry. Don't get on iti

35、t has stopped.A. until B. after C. since D. whe n解析句中有don't，可想not. until為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為"直到才”。答案A .Section B （2a 2e）a.詞匯包l.polite adj.有禮貌的；有教養(yǎng)的，文雅的；可用作表語和定語，反義詞：rude, impolite;副詞：politely;常用搭配有：be polite to sb; it'spolite to do sth【備課例句】We should be polite to the old man.我們應(yīng)對老人有禮貌。【課堂變式】I think

36、 it isyou to give your seat to the old man on the bus.A. good of B. kind for C. polite of D. polite for【解析】介詞of用于代詞前表示某人的品質(zhì)，for表示對某人的利益關(guān)系。由句意可知，把座位讓給老人，說明你的人品好。故選C。2. depend v.動詞；依靠；依賴；信賴；決定于 表示“視, 而定；取決于 , ”，也是不及物詞 后接賓語時常與 on 或 upon 連用。 值得注意的是， depend on/ upon 作此意解時不可用于被動 結(jié)構(gòu)。(1) 后接名詞或代詞作賓語。【例句】 The pr