適航-名詞解釋簡答論述

1、適航-名詞解釋簡答論述1 navigability: civil aircraft at a predetermined operation environment and restricted conditions, can meet the minimum security standard, and can successfully must have qualitydefinition 2 civil aircraft airworthiness management: 1: in order to ensure the safety of the civil aircraft as

2、the goal of technology management, is the airworthiness authorities in formulati ng various safe mini mum standard, on the basis of the civil aircraft of the design, manufacture, use and maintenance for scientific unified exam in at ion, appraisal, supervision and management. classification: initial

3、 seaworthiness managenient; continued airworthiness management three methods: model certificate, production license by aircraft, aviation authority jaa will enable documents management as the center, through the issued certificates before the review,identification, as we11 as the supervision and man

4、agement of the issued certificates after way to control the seaworthiness main contents: legislation and calibration; to issue airworthiness certificates; the supervision and inspection. features: authority and legality, international, integrity and unity, dynamic development and independence3 airwo

5、rthiness management mechanism: 1 legislative policy makers 一 to be responsible for the airworthiness legislative work, and will be entirely responsible for the design of the civil aircraft in our country, the management of the production, use and maintenanee of links at present, the chinese seaworth

6、iness management legislative decision-making layer is the aircraft seaworthiness examination and the flying standard division of the civil aviation administration; the execution layer - the execution layer under the leadership of the seaworthiness shall be responsible for the examination and approva

7、l of seaworthiness of the relevant region and the supervision of seaworthiness at present, the executive level of the china seaworthiness administration is the administrative office of the regional administration of civil aviation and the safety supervision and administration of the provincial airli

8、nes one of the important methods and methods for the implementation of seaworthiness management for enterprises and institutions is to establish the ''commission representative" system4 chinese airworthiness management regulations and documents:1 of the civil aviation law of the people，

9、s republic of china (1) on october 30, 1995, 16 by the eighth national people，s congress standing committee meeting (2) is the root of the units and individuals engaged in civil aviation activities must abide by the solution 2 the civil aircraft airworthiness regulations on the administration of the

10、 people，s republic of china (1) published in 1987 (2) is the supreme executive organ of the state of the state council administrative rules and regulations issued by the (3), summarized the basic requirements of the airworthiness of aircraft airworthiness purpose, scope, nature, management, manageme

11、nt methods, permissions, and punishment made specific provision. three ccar civil aviation regulations of the people's republic of china (1) civil aviation administration of china, formulate and publish (2) range: airworthiness management, personnel license, airport management, on shipping, air

12、transport, aviation security management, search and rescue, the accident investigation and so on various aspects of 4 ap airworthiness managementprogram"' : is the airworthiness management rules and implementation rules and specific management program 5 "information announcement ac ： i

13、s open to the public by the department of airworthiness of airworthiness management policy and some universal technical problem of explanatory and descriptive and voluntary file or a guidance document 6 "amd airworthiness management "les” ： is seaworthy departments at various levels or wor

14、k on a specific technical questions, and operations, aviation product design, manufacturing as we11 as the relevant departments of the contact work used in the form of the 7 ''airworthiness directives cad" : refers to when some products have been the civil aviation administration examin

15、ation and approval, but later found to have unsafe condition, to correct the documents issued by the civil aviation administration form 8 "ctso of technology standard'': refers to the civil aircraft on materials, parts and equipment onboard the minimum performance standardsfive flying q

16、ualities: one definition: flight quality means to ensure the flight safety and achieve the desired task necessary for aircraft flight characteristics, including handling, stability and balancing a good flight quality makes the pilot feel comfortable, easy to operate, and perfectly secure composition

17、: balanee, stability and maneuverability 3 trim out: (1) for the plane to keep the steady flight attitude required, adjustment of the control surface trim tab, the purpose is to make after balancing the plane driving force is zero. the key balance status: take-off, close and flat flying; stability:

18、the plane is in constant flight condition, such as horizontal linear flight, is disturbed by external factors, and the aircraft deviates from the state of the original motion.if the disturbanee disappears, the pilot does not need to interfere with the aircraftthe aircraft can automatically restore i

19、ts ability to fly. according to the characteristics of motion, it can be divided into longitudinal stability of aircraft, stability of transverse course, longitudinal dynamic stability, and stability of transverse course maneuverability: in broad sense, the aircraft "listens" to the charac

20、teristics of the pilot，s flight status by "listening" to the pilotj s joystick, rudder, throttle, flaps, and deceleration plate it involves the bar, the position and the following sex.7 aircraft preparedness: 1 icing hazard (1) affect flight aerodynamic characteristics and flight character

21、istics significant change (2) lift, reduce the resistance to rise, make the stall in advance, caused deterioration of maneuverability and stability variation (3) jet engine vibration, compressor blade engine damage and even cause stalling anti-icing 2 (1) the wing leading edge: affect the lift coeff

22、icient and drag coefficient (2) : the turbine engine air intake front make intake distribution caused by vibration, fall off into the ice, ice mechanical damage (3) the propeller: efficiency decline (4) piston engine carburetor icing: diesel engine work (5) windshield: 6 antenna effect horizon: impa

23、ct on the total static opening communication 7: impact altimeter, airspeed 3 fire (1) to have a sufficient number and type of portable fire bottle/fixed fire extinguishing system (2) the cockpit, cargo hold, non-flammable, baggage compartment material can destroy the combustible liquid fire make fir

24、e power plant (5) oxygen system, electrical equipment and fire prevention lightning prevention 4 (1) to have a lightning proof device (2) metal to catch to the fuselage, have non-metallie for diverting discharge (3) (4) fuel to decorate where lightning is not easy to hit8 main engine test bench expe

25、riment test project name, requirements and purpose: 1 piston type: (1) control test: to determine the power features (2) the vibration test: output shaft bending, vibration characteristic, not due to fatigue damage (3) detonation experiment: don，t allow appear detonation (unique) (4) durable test: t

26、est 150 hours, different speed time requirements, alternating component (5) work test: starting, the local train, acceleration, speed, 2 turbine engine ignition: (1) control test: to determine the power features (2) the vibration test: sure could be mechanical or aerodynamic cause vibration of the v

27、ibration characteristics of components (3) overtemperature experiment: maximum speed for 5 minutes, gas temperature exceeds the maximum limit, does not damage the engine (unique) (4) durable test: test (5) work 150 hours test: starting, the through train, the acceleration, speed, ignition, propeller

28、 function9, the minimum equipment list and configuration aircraft deviation list: 1 objective: (1) in ensuring flight safety at the same time reduce the delays and cost (2) the plane can prevent some ignore security only pursuit of economic interests and the practice of any release (3) help operatio

29、n and maintenance department to carry out the operation in all kinds of non-standard situation (4) help in ferry flights get technical guidance; composition: mmel, configuration deviation sheet (cdl), minimum equipment list (mel), signature deviation guide (ddg); 3 mmel: (1) shall be carried out in

30、accordance with the authorization of ccar - 121 (2) the provisions under the certain condition of flight, can allow a certain type aircraft instrument with abnormal work and don，t work, the equipment can be the specific project and the limits of and flight of flight should be completed before some o

31、f the work content (3) is simple, didn，t have to prepare and run the specific procedures, the airline has certain difficulty to use; 4 cdl: (1) is approved by the faa in the airplane flight manual (afm) must contain a section (2) the provisions under the certain condition of flight, an aircraft can

32、fly the missing parts and should be allowed by price and restrictions; mel: (1) because mmel lacks specific use the program, inconvenient to use, therefore, airlines in the mmel formulated on the basis of their own mel, adding their own needs, such as aircraft configuration, concrete operating proce

33、dures and their company routes (2) can only be better than mmel strict maintenance practice, because the mmel is based on the minimum safety standards; 6 the ddg: (1) because the mmel, cdl should be submitted by the operator, as the airline operator technically impossible, usually designed by aircra

34、ft manufacturers to write (2) including mmel, mel, cdl (3) after approved by the faa for operator usecontinuous seaworthiness management: 1 definition: when the civil aircraft is licensed and put into use, it shall ensure that it is always in the management of the state of seaworthiness purpose: to

35、safeguard the safety of civil aviation, safeguard the public interest and promote the development of civil aviation: three meanings: (1) to ensure flight safety, promote the development of civil aviation (2) to help learn international advaneed management methods, is advantageous to the civil aviati

36、on enterprise reform, opening up and development favorable in the field of civil aviation (3) strengthen the government supervision and management functions, improve and perfect the management level (4) the use and maintenance of institutions and personnel are laws, and to encourage competition and

37、development, and promote the civil aviation enterprise overall safety level and economic benefit of responsibility: airworthiness authorities, design, manufacture, use, maintenance departments 5 main job content:(1) the use of aircraft agencies for examination and approval of qualified (2) to superv

38、ise the operation of the aircraft management (3) the operation personnel training, qualification accreditation and supervision and management of the (4) for aircraft maintenance agencies for examination and approval of qualified (5) the maintenance personnel training, qualification accreditation and

39、 supervision and management of 6 for the supervision of the aircraft airworthiness11: take off track from the static take-off point, extended to the higher in the following two points: above 1000 feet off surface in the process of taking off, or finish from takeoff to dimb route configuration change

40、s and meet the requirements of regulation speed, altitude gradientminimum 12 air speed control: it is in the speed, the sniper suddenly stop, can use the normal skills and power to manipulate the aircraft, maintain course and the mini mum speed is not more than 5 degrees slope13 dynamic stability/ho

41、rizontal and longitudinal dynamic stability dynamic stability requiremenls: 1 dynamic stability: refers to the balance conditions of disturbance and plane deviated from its original state, under the effects of the force and moment which followed the nature of the movement of two pairs of longitudina

42、l dynamic stability requirements: from vs -the vmo any short cycle oscillation, in the main control surfaces in the state of floating or fixed, 3 are subject to heavy damping of horizontal heading dynamic stability requirements: from vs - the vmo dutch roll, in the main control surfaces in the state

43、 of floating or fixed, they were given a positive damping, with the main control can control, normal control techniques14 provisions of regulations and a set ofreasons/content/function: 1: is the civil aircraft airworthiness management of design, manufacture, use and maintenance, to ensure the fligh

44、t safety for the purpose of technical appraisal and supervision, must perform prescribed airworthiness standards and procedures (1) for aircraft, engine and propeller, materials, parts of airworthiness approval, need appropriate airworthiness standards and management regulations, procedures, (2) on

45、the aircraft operation examination and approval, supervision and need (3) to the related personnel qualification accreditation and supervision need 2 main content: (1) air law (2) of the civil aircraft airworthiness regulations (3) civil aviation of china (ccar) (4) the airworthiness management prog

46、ram (ap) (5) advisory notice (ac) 6 airworth in ess management files (amd) 7) airworthiness directives (cad) for advice to set rules for the revision notice 3: see number 415 motor load envelope def in iti on/limits/purpose: 1 definition: also known as the flight envelope, is applied to the plane pe

47、rpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the aerodynamic force component and the ratio of the aircraft gravity, is the basis of a transport aircraft design strength and stiffness; 2 limit (1) the aerodynamic restrictions: small speed range, mainly is limited by stall lift coefficient (2) is overload

48、factor restrictions: speed until the vd, namely the civil aircraft specifies its structure limits the maximum mobility range (3) the negative overload factor restrictions: on the flap closed to 1. 0, down to zero, is not allowed to be negative lift coefficient of maneuvering flight; 3 application: a

49、ircraft maneuver envelope on the border and boundary space velocity and load coefficient in any combination, all needs to meet the strength requirement, the flight load factor limit reflects allow aircraft mobility range, in this range, won，t cause the deformation of the body structure damage and do

50、es not allow the normal overload and aircraft maneuvering flight angle relation is as follows: n = 1 / cos in the landing,airworthiness management to make provisions for take off 1 (1) what are the main parameters of takeoff speed: all kinds of definition and take-off speed limit (2) the take-off di

51、stance, take-off taxiing stopping distance and speed up (3) take off the definition of flight track, track and static track tiducha, net track obstacle the def in ition, secti on and gradient of the flight path; 2 the landing of the landing is required for the landing and the landing distance17far t

52、ake-off distance: the larger one of the further take-off distance (the actual departure distance) and the full launch distanee (1. 15 times the actual take-off distance)18 civil aircraft airworthiness regulations aim and scope of application: one purpose: to ensure the safety of civil aviation, prot

53、ecting public interests, promote the development of civil aviation 2 scope of application: (1) in the design, manufacture, use and maintenance of the units and individuals(2) to china，s export of civil aircraft maintenance organizations and individuals (3) outside my civil aviation product units and

54、 individuals19 in order to ensure the minimum level of security, from which a few aspects of performance aircraft design requirements: 1, the speed limit: (1) low speed limit: stall, stall state definition, stall speed test and correction, stalling characteristics, stall warning requirements, minimu

55、m ground controlling speed, minimum air control (2) high speed limit: the definition and use of several high speed, the requirement of high speed limit, growth characteristics and speed recovery features should consider four kinds of conditions and demands to climb gradient of 2: all cases gradient

56、requirements for landing climb, finding parking situation four cases of gradient demands of floated down 3: total track is tiducha, net, net track obstaclea growth rate of 20 inadvertently running state and response: four case 1: a sudden wind dian pour, accidental control action, the center of grav

57、ity moving, flew from climbing into flat and thrust has not been changed 2 to deal with: the above situations, after the warning, give the reaction time (after 3 seconds), in a normal manipulation skills should be returned to the vmo/mmo, and which shall not exceed the md/mdf and various structure restriction, also not because of jitter affect the observation instrument and manipulation21 brief flight dispatchers theoretical kno