英語(yǔ)詞匯提高27

1、chapter 27哈工大外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院2012春 楊莉萍ineptinept 詞根 ept = apt = to fit “合適，適合”napt adj. neg. the words of the report are as apt today as in 1929. n這份報(bào)告的措辭用在今天和用在1929年一樣貼切貼切。naptitude n. neg. some students have more aptitude for academic work than others. n有些學(xué)生比其他學(xué)生更有學(xué)術(shù)才能才能。nadept adj. neg. he is quite adept at

2、 archery, nearly always hitting the target dead on. n他很擅長(zhǎng)擅長(zhǎng)于射箭，幾乎每次都能射中靶心。nadapt (ad=to, apt=fit) adapt oneself to sth. (話(huà)語(yǔ)、描述或選擇話(huà)語(yǔ)、描述或選擇)合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)模N切的合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)?，貼切的天資，天賦，才能天資，天賦，才能n熟練的，擅長(zhǎng)的，熟練的，擅長(zhǎng)的， 內(nèi)行的內(nèi)行的innate innate 詞根詞根 nat = bornnnatalitynatality n. 出生率出生率neg. the statistics shows that the natality

3、in the city has been decreasing. n統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字表明該市的出生率一直持續(xù)下降。ncognatecognate adj. 同宗的同宗的, 同源的同源的 neg. german, dutch and english are cognate languages. n德語(yǔ)和荷蘭語(yǔ)為同源語(yǔ)言。 nation national nationwide nationally nationality nationalism nationalist nationalistic nationalize v. 使國(guó)有化 nationalization internal a. 內(nèi)在的,內(nèi)部的

4、 external a. 外在的，外部的 internalize v. 使內(nèi)在化 externalize v. 使外在化 nature natural naturally naturalist n. 博物學(xué)家 naturalistic a. （繪畫(huà)寫(xiě)作等）自然主義的 naturalism n. （藝術(shù)或文學(xué)的）自然主義 naturalize v. 使外國(guó)人入國(guó)籍 native international internationally internationalism internationalize詞根詞根 ven, vent = to comenconveneconvene v. neg.

5、 people were convened here for an emergency meeting. nconventionconvention n. neg. 1) at the recent convention a declaration was adopted. n2) its just a social convention that men dont wear skirts. n3) convention dictates(常識(shí)告訴人們) that a minister should resign in such a situation.n依照常規(guī)部長(zhǎng)在這種情況下應(yīng)該辭職。人們

6、被召集召集到這里舉行緊急會(huì)議。召集，集合，開(kāi)會(huì)召集，集合，開(kāi)會(huì)在最近舉行的大會(huì)大會(huì)上通過(guò)了一項(xiàng)宣言。大會(huì)大會(huì)/ 慣例慣例, 習(xí)俗習(xí)俗nrevenuerevenue n. neg. the governments revenue is made up chiefly of the money we pay in taxes.n政府的收入收入主要來(lái)源是靠我們所交的稅。nadventadvent (ad=to, near) n. neg. the leap forward in communication was made possible by the advent of mobile phone

7、. ninventoryinventory n. neg. this is a detailed inventory of all the jobs to be done. (政府的)稅收稅收, 財(cái)政收入財(cái)政收入手機(jī)的出現(xiàn)帶來(lái)帶來(lái)了通訊業(yè)的飛躍。到來(lái)，出現(xiàn)到來(lái)，出現(xiàn)這是一張待辦事項(xiàng)的詳表詳表。詳細(xì)目錄詳細(xì)目錄ncircumventcircumvent (circum=around) v. neg. however , they are disliked for their circuitous manner of speaking and their ability to circumvent

8、 the law by citing obscure legal doctrines. n但因?yàn)樗麄冋f(shuō)話(huà)愛(ài)繞圈子，又有本事引用晦澀難懂的法律條文來(lái)規(guī)避規(guī)避法律約束，所以很是不討人喜歡。 nventilateventilate v. neg. 1) we ventilate a room to get fresh air by opening windows. n2) members are asked not to ventilate club problems outside this meeting . n要求會(huì)員們?cè)谶@次會(huì)議之外勿公開(kāi)討論公開(kāi)討論本俱樂(lè)部的問(wèn)題。 n規(guī)避，逃避規(guī)避，逃避n

9、通風(fēng)，使空氣流通；發(fā)表通風(fēng)，使空氣流通；發(fā)表(看法看法)，表達(dá)，表達(dá)(感情感情)lamentlament v. 1) to express feeling of great sadness about （為）悲痛，哀悼，痛惜，悲嘆eg. the nation lamented the death of its great war leader. 該國(guó)在哀悼這位偉大戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)領(lǐng)袖之死。2) to express annoyance or disappointment about sth. you think is unsatisfactory or unfair 抱怨抱怨eg. (1) she lam

10、ented the fact that manufacturers did not produce small packs for small households. 她抱怨抱怨廠商沒(méi)有生產(chǎn)小型家庭使用的小包裝。(2) the old generation are always lamenting the passing of the old days. eg. it is lamentable that the officer failed to deal with the situation. 老一代人總是抱怨抱怨世風(fēng)日下。很遺憾很遺憾，這位警官無(wú)法處理這一情況。obstinateobst

11、inaten詞根詞根 st, sta, stat, stan, stant, stin = to standst, sta, stat, stan, stant, stin = to standnobstinacyobstinacy n. 頑固頑固neg. his obstinacy drives me mad! n他頑固不化把我氣得火冒三丈！nstabilitystability n. 穩(wěn)定性穩(wěn)定性 neg. the government has taken a measure to maintain the stability of prices. n政府已經(jīng)采取了措施以確保物價(jià)穩(wěn)定。ns

12、tagnantstagnant adj. 停滯的停滯的neg. due to low investment, our industrial output has remained stagnant. n由于投資少，我們的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)一直停滯不前。nwithstandwithstand v. 承受 neg. childrens furniture must withstand kicks and blows. n孩子用的家具必須經(jīng)得起拳打腳踢。nconstituteconstitute v. 被視為，被算作；構(gòu)成，組成；設(shè)立，成立被視為，被算作；構(gòu)成，組成；設(shè)立，成立neg. 1) failing

13、to complete the work constitutes a breach(違反/破壞) of the employment contract. n未能完成工作被視為違反員工合同。n2) we must redefine what constitutes a family. n我們必須對(duì)家庭的構(gòu)成重新定義。n3) the federation was constituted in 1949. n該聯(lián)盟成立于1949年。 前綴 ob = to/towards, over, about, near, against, as, before, upon nobedient (= to hea

14、r)nadj. 服從的，順從的nobject (= to throw to) nv. 反對(duì)，拒絕；nn. 物體，目標(biāo)noblige (=to bind to)nv. 強(qiáng)制，施加于nobstacle (= to stand against/ over) nn. 障礙物nobscure (= to cover over)nadj. 不清楚的，隱藏的nobtain (= to hold close to)nn. 獲得，得到nobstruct (= to build over/ against)n阻斷，遮蔽，妨礙neg. drivers who park their cars illegally, p

15、articularly obstructing traffic flow, deserve to be punished. parallelparallel nn. a relationship or similarity between two things, esp. things that exist or happen in different places or at different times. (尤指不同地點(diǎn)或不同時(shí)間的兩事物之間的)聯(lián)系，相似(之處)neg. 1) entering the world of fine art, she found many parallel

16、s with the world of fashion. n踏入美術(shù)界之后，她發(fā)現(xiàn)這一領(lǐng)域與時(shí)裝界有許多共同之處共同之處。n2) she wanted to pursue her own career in parallel with her husbands. n她想跟跟/與與丈夫同時(shí)同時(shí)追求各自的事業(yè)。n3) the poverty of hill farmers had no parallel. n沒(méi)人比沒(méi)人比山區(qū)農(nóng)民更貧窮。nadj. 平行的平行的；相似的，同時(shí)發(fā)生的neg. 1) she was traveling parallel to her previous route. n他

17、現(xiàn)在的旅行線路和以前走過(guò)的線路平行平行。n2) the railway is parallel with the canal. n那條鐵路與運(yùn)河平行平行。n3) social changes in britain are matched by parallel trends in some other countries. n在英國(guó)發(fā)生社會(huì)變革的同時(shí)，其他國(guó)家也出現(xiàn)了相似的相似的趨勢(shì)。前綴 para = beside, side by sidenparadox (para = beside + dox = opinion) n. neg. although an apparent parado

18、x, when lighting is reduced in factories, productivity increases. n雖然看上去很矛盾矛盾，不過(guò)在工廠減少照明時(shí)，生產(chǎn)率卻提高了。nparamount (para + mount=hill, mountain) adj.neg. childhood vaccination are of paramount importance to prevent terrible diseases. n從小接種疫苗對(duì)預(yù)防重大疾病至關(guān)重要（的）至關(guān)重要（的）。nparaphrase (para + phrase=to say) v. neg. y

19、ou should footnote the original source even when you paraphrase a passage. n即使用自己的話(huà)來(lái)解釋即使用自己的話(huà)來(lái)解釋某篇文章，也應(yīng)該加注腳表明原文出處。perceptiveperceptive n詞根詞根 cept, ceive, cip = to take, hold, seizecept, ceive, cip = to take, hold, seizeninterinterceptcept (inter = between) v. neg. reporters intercepted him as he tri

20、ed to leave by the rear entrance. n他想從后門(mén)溜走, 記者把他截住了。nprepreceptcept n. 格言格言, 言辭；戒律，準(zhǔn)則言辭；戒律，準(zhǔn)則 neg. 1) example is better than precept. n身教勝過(guò)言教。n2) just follow these few basic precepts and you wont go far wrong in life.n只要按這幾條準(zhǔn)則行事，你一生就不會(huì)出大錯(cuò)。攔截?cái)r截nperperceivceive e v. neg. we perceived that we were unwelcome and left. n我們發(fā)覺(jué)發(fā)覺(jué)自己不受歡迎，因此便離開(kāi)了。ninincipcipientient adj. 初期的初期的 neg. 1) she felt for him an incipient tenderness, but scarcely any passion.n