基礎(chǔ)模塊上冊 Unit 1 主系表結(jié)構(gòu)及There-be-句型

1、.主主-系系-表結(jié)構(gòu)表結(jié)構(gòu)（S+V+P）. 主主-系系-表結(jié)構(gòu)講解表結(jié)構(gòu)講解w主語：主語：主語是一句話的中心，表示所說的是誰或是什么，其位置一般放在句首。 主語主要由名詞、主語主要由名詞、動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞、代詞代詞來充當(dāng)。來充當(dāng)。 book, ruler, father, sister, Jack, Beijing, China, books parents, flowers she, he, they, it 等等。. w系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞：系動(dòng)詞be一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)有 am, is, are三種形式。（am和is的過去式為 ， are的過去式為 。） 我我(I)用用am, 你你(You)用用are, i

2、s用于她他它（用于她他它（She, He, It） 其余單數(shù)用其余單數(shù)用is 復(fù)數(shù)用復(fù)數(shù)用arewaswere.表語：表語：表語是用來修飾主語的，說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的，表語位于系動(dòng)詞之后 充當(dāng)表語的有：形容詞 、名詞 、介詞短語 、副詞 、代詞 、數(shù)詞 。w 形容詞： They are big.w 名詞： I am a teacher.w 介詞短語： She is in the classroom.w 副詞： You look well.w 代詞： Its me.w 數(shù)詞 My father is forty-nine.1.This _ an English book.2.

3、 I _ a student.3. He _ our English teacher.4. They _ my good friends.5. The girl _ a new student.6. She _ in her bedroom.7. We _ new students.8. I _ a boy. My name _ Mike.isamisareisisareamisExercise: 請用請用be相應(yīng)的形式填空相應(yīng)的形式填空.否定形式否定形式w 主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的否定形式是在系動(dòng)詞后面加not構(gòu)成。 肯定形式 否定形式 I am a teacher. She is my sister.

4、 They are students. This is Lucy. It is large. 縮寫形式：isnt/ arent/ am 與not 不縮寫I am not a teacher. She is not my sister. They are not students. This is not Lucy. It is not large. .疑問式疑問式w主系表結(jié)構(gòu)的疑問形式是把系動(dòng)詞be移到主語前面。如果有some的話，疑問式和否定式都需要把some 改為any。（因?yàn)椋ㄒ驗(yàn)閟ome多用于肯定句，多用于肯定句，any多用于疑問句和否定句）多用于疑問句和否定句）1. He is a

5、worker Is he a worker? Yes he is /No he isnt2. I am a student. Are you a student? Yes I am / No I am not3. This is the students dormitory Is this the students dormitory? Yes it is/No it isnt.There be句型句型.w There is an apple on the chair.請使用There be- 描述下圖.There is a ball in the basket.There are two a

6、pples on the chair.There is a pencil in the pencil-box.There are three books on the desk.概念概念結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)There be 句型是英語中常用句型，句型是英語中常用句型， 意思是意思是“有有.”，表示，表示“人或事物人或事物的存在的存在”或或“某地有某物某地有某物”。主語。主語在在there be 之后。句尾通常有表示之后。句尾通常有表示地點(diǎn)的狀語。地點(diǎn)的狀語?？隙ńY(jié)構(gòu)：肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：There is (are)+主語主語+狀語狀語否定結(jié)構(gòu)：否定結(jié)構(gòu)：There is (are)+not+主語主語+狀語狀語一般疑

7、問句結(jié)構(gòu)一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)Be+there+主語主語+狀語？狀語？.Be的變化的變化看名詞看名詞在there be 句型中主語是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is；主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are。主語是不可數(shù)名詞的用is. Example：a. There is +a /an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 There is +不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞 There is a book on the desk . 桌子上有一本書。There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有些水。. b.There are +復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞There are some pictures on the wall

8、.墻上有些圖畫。There are two apples in the basket.籃子里有兩個(gè)蘋果。.看名詞看名詞 There _ a girl in the classroom. A. is B. are There _ some bread on the plate. A. is B. are There _ a lot of trees in thePark. A. is B. are .There is a cat under the tree.There are two dogs under the tree.There be就近原則就近原則如果句中主語有兩個(gè)以上的名詞，如果句中

9、主語有兩個(gè)以上的名詞，be用單用單數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)取決于靠近數(shù)還是用復(fù)數(shù)取決于靠近be的名詞的名詞There is a cat and two dogs under the tree.There are two dogs and a cat under the tree.there 是個(gè)近視眼。 .Example 就近原則就近原則There _ a desk and fifty-five chairs in the classroom. A. are B. is .There _ fifty-five chairs and a desk in the classroom. A. are B. is

10、 .There _ some water in thebottle. A. is B. are C. have D. be .There is _. A. a pencil B. two books C. five apples D. a water .There _ a pencil-case andmany pencils in Toms schoolbag. A. is B. are C. have D. be .There are a lot of _ in the fridge. A. meat B. chicken C. eggs D. milk .There be 句型的否定句句

11、型的否定句否定結(jié)構(gòu)：否定結(jié)構(gòu)：There is (are)+no (not any)+主語主語+狀語狀語如果句中有some，要變成any. not any=no1. There are two books on the desk. There arent two books on the desk.2. There is some bread in the plate.There is not any (no) bread in the plate. Example：.一般疑問句：be動(dòng)詞(is,are)要提到句首提到句首。 some 變any，其他都不變結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu): Be+there+主語主語

12、+狀語？狀語？1. There is a dog in the house.(變成一般疑問句） Is there a dog in the house ?2. There are some books on the desk.(變成一般疑問句）Are there any books on the desk ?There be 句型的一般疑問句句型的一般疑問句Example：. 課堂練習(xí)：課堂練習(xí)： 1、There a pencil in the pencil box. 2、There some flowers on the desk. 3、There four people in my fam

13、ily. 4、There a picture and two maps on the wall. 5、A: there a cat under the tree? B: Yes,there isareareisIsis 一、用一、用be動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞is / are 填空：填空：.1. There _ a clock on the table. A. is B. are 2. _ there a radio on your desk? A. are B. is 3. _ there a map on the wall? Yes, there _. A. are / is B. is / are C.

14、 is / is D. are /are 4. There _ some students in the classroom. A. are B. is 5. There _ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table. A.is B. are ACAAB二、選擇題：二、選擇題：.6. There _ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table. A. is B. are 7. Are there _ pictures on the wall? No, there arent _ . A. an

15、y / any B. some / any C. some / some D. any/some8. There isnt a book in his hand. There is _ book in his hand. A. no B. not 9. There is a tree _ the playground. A. at B. near 10. - Are there _ shops near here? - No, there are _ shops near here. A. some, not B. some, any C. any, not D. any, no BAABD.

16、 There are three pens on the table. There are not three pens on the table. Are there three pens on the table? Yes,there are.No,there arent. There are some apples on the tree. There are not any apples on the tree. Are there any apples on the tree? Yes,there are.No,there arent. There is an eraser in t

17、he pencil-box. There is not an eraser in the pencil-box. Is There an eraser in the pencil-box? Yes,there is.No,there isnt.變否定句和疑問句，并做回答。.翻譯 在桌子上有3支鋼筆。 There are three pens on the table. 在樹上有一些蘋果。 There are some apples on the tree. 在椅子上有一只兔子。 There is a rabbit on the chair. 在鉛筆盒里有一塊橡皮。 There is an er

18、aser in the pencil-box.Homework.教室里有很多桌子和凳子。There are many desks and chairs in the classroom.桌子上有很多書。 There are a lot of books on the shelf.椅子下有個(gè)足球。There is a football under the chair.臥室里有一張床兩個(gè)桌子。There are two desks and a bed in the bedroom.There is a bed and two desks in the bedroom.房子附近有三棵樹。There are three trees near the house. .1. There is a mouse in the room. (改寫為一般疑問句，并作肯定否定回答) Is there a mouse in the room? Yes, there is.