狀語從句課件完整版教學(xué)教材

1、句子結(jié)構(gòu)句子結(jié)構(gòu)(jigu)的完整的完整這幾句是正確這幾句是正確(zhngqu)的句子嗎的句子嗎? 如果如果你認(rèn)為有誤你認(rèn)為有誤, 該怎么改該怎么改?1.The meeting will until 3:00.2.Work hard, you will succeed.3.I have a brother, who is a doctor.4. There are only 4 students take part in the class.lastand whotaking/to take 第一頁，共39頁。句子句子(j zi)的分類的分類簡單句簡單句: 只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子只包含一個(gè)主

2、謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子(j zi).并列句并列句: 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)+ 連詞連詞(and, but, so, or) +主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) (或更多的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)或更多的主謂結(jié)構(gòu))復(fù)合句復(fù)合句: 引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞+主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu), 主謂結(jié)構(gòu)主謂結(jié)構(gòu) (從句從句) (主句主句) 第二頁，共39頁。復(fù)合句復(fù)合句復(fù)合句里包含兩個(gè)復(fù)合句里包含兩個(gè)(lin )(lin )或更多的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)或更多的主謂結(jié)構(gòu), , 其中有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)為句子的主體稱為主句，另其中有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)為句子的主體稱為主句，另一個(gè)些主謂結(jié)構(gòu)為從句，他（們）只能充當(dāng)句一個(gè)些主謂結(jié)構(gòu)為從句，他（們）只能充當(dāng)句子的某一（些）成分，子的某一（些）成分，, ,如如

3、: : 主語主語, , 賓語賓語, , 表語表語, , 同位語同位語, , 定語定語, , 狀語等狀語等. . 根據(jù)他們?cè)诰渥又械墓Ω鶕?jù)他們?cè)诰渥又械墓δ芊謩e稱為主語從句能分別稱為主語從句, , 賓語從句賓語從句, , 表語從句表語從句, , 同同位語從句位語從句, , 定語從句定語從句, , 狀語從句等狀語從句等. . 第三頁，共39頁。判斷判斷(pndun)下面句子屬于哪種復(fù)合句下面句子屬于哪種復(fù)合句1) When we shall have our sports meeting is still a question. 2) The letter says that they are l

4、eaving on Friday. 3)Thats what they should do. 4) We expressed the hope that they would come and visit China again. 5) This is the very dictionary that I am looking for. 6) As time went on, Einsteins theory proved to be correct. 第四頁，共39頁。 狀語從句的概念及分類狀語從句的概念及分類 在主、從復(fù)合句中修飾主句或主句中動(dòng)詞的句子在主、從復(fù)合句中修飾主句或主句中動(dòng)詞的

5、句子 叫狀語從句。叫狀語從句。 狀語從句分為狀語從句分為(fn wi)：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、目：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、目 的、結(jié)果、讓步、比較、方式狀語從句。的、結(jié)果、讓步、比較、方式狀語從句。狀語從句(cn j)的選擇就是對(duì)意思的選擇，能夠翻譯就能夠判斷狀語從句(cn j)的類別 第五頁，共39頁。 時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)間狀語從句(cn j)的引導(dǎo)詞有：的引導(dǎo)詞有：when, while, as, after, before, till / until , sinceas soon as, the moment / minute, immediately, no sooner.than ,

6、hardly/scarely.when,directly, the first time , every / each time, by the timewhere, wherever,anywhere,everywherebecause, since, as, for, now (that),seeing that, considering thatasas; not soas; than第六頁，共39頁。so that, in order that, in case, for fear that.,lestso that, so. that., such thatif, unless, s

7、upposing, suppose, provided, providingas (so) long as, on condition that, only if, oncewhile, although, though, aseven though / if, no matter+ 疑問詞疑問詞 , 疑問詞疑問詞+everas if / though, (just)as第七頁，共39頁。 It is / has been 3 years since he left there. 2) I have been here since I came to the city. 主句時(shí)態(tài)為：現(xiàn)在主句時(shí)

8、態(tài)為：現(xiàn)在(xinzi)完成完成時(shí)；時(shí)；since 從句中時(shí)態(tài)為：從句中時(shí)態(tài)為： 一般過去時(shí)。一般過去時(shí)。第八頁，共39頁。 By the time he came back, I had finished the work. 2) By the time we finishes school, we will have learned learned English for 10 years. 當(dāng)當(dāng)by the time后的謂語動(dòng)詞后的謂語動(dòng)詞(dngc)為過去時(shí)，則主句動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)，則主句動(dòng)詞(dngc)時(shí)態(tài)為過去完成時(shí)；當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)為過去完成時(shí)；當(dāng)by the time后的謂語動(dòng)詞后的謂語動(dòng)詞

9、(dngc)為為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則主句動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則主句動(dòng)詞(dngc)時(shí)態(tài)為將來完成時(shí)。時(shí)態(tài)為將來完成時(shí)。第九頁，共39頁。 I had hardly / scarcely got home when the bell rang. 2) I had no sonner got home than the bell rang. 3) No sooner had he got home than it began to rain. 4) Hardly / Scarcely had he got home when it began to rain. 此種句型的主句是過去完成此種句型的主句是過去完成(wn

10、 chng)時(shí)，從句時(shí)一般過去時(shí)；時(shí)，從句時(shí)一般過去時(shí)； 2) 當(dāng)當(dāng)no sooner , hardly或或scarcely位于句首時(shí)，要位于句首時(shí)，要 使用半倒裝；使用半倒裝； 3) 要注意三對(duì)連詞的搭配。要注意三對(duì)連詞的搭配。第十頁，共39頁。5. till / until I will wait there until / till you come back.2) He waited there until / till his mother came back.3) I did not go until / till he came back.4) Not until he came

11、 back did I go.5) It was not until he came back that I went home.1) 肯定句中，主句動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性的；肯定句中，主句動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性的； 否定句中，主句動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性的。否定句中，主句動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性的。2) not until 放句首時(shí)，要實(shí)行半倒裝。放句首時(shí)，要實(shí)行半倒裝。3) 用于強(qiáng)調(diào)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)(qing dio)句型中時(shí)，要把句型中時(shí)，要把until后的成分全寫完后的成分全寫完 再加再加that。第十一頁，共39頁。It / This is the first time that sb has / have done sth.It

12、 / This was.thathad done .was / were doingwhen.was / were about to do when.had done when.例句例句(lj)：This is the first time that I have finished my Homework.例句：例句：We were having English class when the lights went out.I was about to go out when the phone rang.She had just finished her hpmework when her

13、father asked her to play the piano.第十二頁，共39頁。1. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. when2. - Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? - Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. A.while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once3. _he made up his mind,

14、nothing could change his mind. A. when B. until C. as D. once第十三頁，共39頁。5. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as6. Simon thought his computer was broken _ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. A. until B.

15、unless C. after D. because DC第十四頁，共39頁。2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句地點(diǎn)狀語從句由地點(diǎn)狀語從句由where. wherever引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。where指指“在某個(gè)地方在某個(gè)地方”，wherever指指“無論哪里，在任何無論哪里，在任何一個(gè)地方一個(gè)地方”，在使用在使用(shyng)時(shí)：時(shí)：一要注意兩者的含義區(qū)別。一要注意兩者的含義區(qū)別。二要注意狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別二要注意狀語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別 Put the book where it is Put the book in the place where it is。三要注意在狀語從句中不可使用三要注意

16、在狀語從句中不可使用(shyng)介詞介詞+which引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。第十五頁，共39頁。1.In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help _ there is human suffering.(2006江西(jin x)27)A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever2.-Mom，what did your doctor say？(2006四川23)-He advised me to live _ the air is fresher.A. in where B. in which C. t

17、he place where D. where 第十六頁，共39頁。3.原因狀語(zhungy)從句 because, as, since, now that, 和和considering that, seeing that 這六這六個(gè)連詞個(gè)連詞(linc)都用于表示表示原因都用于表示表示原因, 但在語氣上一個(gè)比一個(gè)弱但在語氣上一個(gè)比一個(gè)弱.第十七頁，共39頁。3. 原因狀語原因狀語(zhungy)從句從句 Because:語氣最強(qiáng)語氣最強(qiáng),回答回答why She left because she had an appointment. As: 較口語化較口語化,語氣比語氣比since弱，附帶

18、說明弱，附帶說明(shumng)的雙方已知的原因的雙方已知的原因 As she is not well, Ill go myself. Since/now that: 既然既然,一般放主句前，語氣比一般放主句前，語氣比because弱弱 Since everybody is here, lets begin. For: 表示對(duì)主句的補(bǔ)充說明表示對(duì)主句的補(bǔ)充說明(shumng)或推斷，或推斷，放在主句之后，放在主句之后， It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.第十八頁，共39頁。比較：比較： because 和和for的區(qū)別

19、。的區(qū)別。 1for 是并列連詞，只用于連接表示是并列連詞，只用于連接表示(biosh)原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。原因的分句，因此不能用于句首。because表表示示(biosh)原因時(shí)，可位于句首。原因時(shí)，可位于句首。 【誤】【誤】For he did not obey the rules, he was punished. 【正】【正】Because he did not obey the rules, he was punished. 由于他不遵守規(guī)章制度，他受到了出處罰。由于他不遵守規(guī)章制度，他受到了出處罰。第十九頁，共39頁。 2for 表示的是推斷表示的是推斷(tudun)解釋

20、，解釋，because強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的直接原因。發(fā)生的直接原因。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦?。（不可用昨晚肯定下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦?。（不可用because，因?yàn)榈孛鏉癫皇翘煜掠甑脑颍?，因?yàn)榈孛鏉癫皇翘煜掠甑脑颍?The day breaks, for the birds are singing. 天亮了，因?yàn)轼B在叫。（不可用天亮了，因?yàn)轼B在叫。（不可用because，因?yàn)轼B叫，因?yàn)轼B叫不是天亮的原因）不是天亮的原因）第二十頁，共39頁。4. 目的目的(md)狀語從句狀語

21、從句 Please remind me so that I wont forget to take the camera. Please remind me _ _ _ I will remember to take the camera.in order that So that: 只能放主句后只能放主句后 in order that:更正式更正式(zhngsh),可以放主可以放主句前或后句前或后 In order that第二十一頁，共39頁。 I walked into the room quietly _ _ _ I wouldnt wake up my father. Take an

22、 umbrella _ _ you are caught in rain. forfear that in case He works hard for fear that/ lest he (should) fail. I set down her address lest / for fear that I (should ) forget it. for fear that: 以免以免 in case: 萬一萬一(wny) lest: 為了不為了不第二十二頁，共39頁。lest (以免以免(ymin)，免得，免得), for fear that I hid the book lest (

23、=for fear that) he should see it.目的狀語目的狀語(zhungy)(zhungy)從句中謂語動(dòng)詞從句中謂語動(dòng)詞常含有常含有may may (might), can (could) should, (might), can (could) should, willwill等情等情 態(tài)動(dòng)詞。態(tài)動(dòng)詞。第二十三頁，共39頁。5. 結(jié)果結(jié)果(ji gu)狀語從句狀語從句 So + that Suchthat He is so reliable that I can totally depend on him. He is so reliable a friend that

24、 He is such a reliable friend that So _that I can totally depend on him. Such _that I can totally depend on him.reliable a friend was he a reliable friend was he 第二十四頁，共39頁。It is _ nice weather that all of us have a desire to go out.They are _ little children that they can do nothing but make troubl

25、e.Mr. Green had _ little education that he was unable to find a job.Fill in blankssuchsuchsoSo many/much/little/few+n+thatSuch a lot of/lots of+n+that第二十五頁，共39頁。目的狀語從句目的狀語從句(cn j)的謂語常含有的謂語常含有can，could，may，might，would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。這也是與結(jié)果狀語從句這也是與結(jié)果狀語從句(cn j)的一個(gè)區(qū)別。的一個(gè)區(qū)別。注意注意(zh y)：在：在sothat，suchthat結(jié)構(gòu)中一般

26、成結(jié)構(gòu)中一般成分齊全。這也是與分齊全。這也是與as引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別。引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別。在在soas，suchas這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，as引導(dǎo)定語從句，在句中做成分。引導(dǎo)定語從句，在句中做成分。第二十六頁，共39頁。1.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 2.Id like to arrive 20 minutes early _ I can have time for a cup of tea. as soon as B. as a r

27、esult C. in case D. so that第二十七頁，共39頁。3.Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait.A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order that4.His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it.A. so B. and C. that D. as 第二十八頁，共39頁。6. 條件條件(tiojin)狀語從句狀語從句 I will

28、agree to go provided that my expenses are paid. Supposing ( that) it rains, can we play the game indoors?if , unless, in case(假如假如,萬一萬一,以防以防), so long as / as long as (只要只要(zhyo), on condition that(只要只要(zhyo) , Provided / Providing (that), Suppose / Supposing ( that) (倘若）倘若）第二十九頁，共39頁。條件狀語從句一般考查三點(diǎn)：條

29、件狀語從句一般考查三點(diǎn)：1)在條件狀語從句中常用一般時(shí)表示將要發(fā)在條件狀語從句中常用一般時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。生的動(dòng)作。2)if，unless，in case是考查重點(diǎn)。是考查重點(diǎn)。3)when還可表?xiàng)l件，這一點(diǎn)不可忽視。意還可表?xiàng)l件，這一點(diǎn)不可忽視。意思思(y s)是：既然，考慮到。如：是：既然，考慮到。如：How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television？他們把所有空閑的時(shí)間都用來看電視了，還能學(xué)到什么(shn me)東西呢？第三十頁，共39頁。1._you call m

30、e to say youre not coming，Ill see you at the theatre.A. Though B. Whether C. Until D. Unless2.-What would you do if it _ tomorrow？-We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining3.You must keep on working in the evening _ you are sure you can finis

31、h the task in time.A. as B. if C. when D. unless4._youve tried it，you cant imagine how pleasant it is.(2006北京(bi jn)33)A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When5.In time of serious accidents，_we know some basic things about first aid，we can save lives.(2006重慶23)A. whether B. until C. if D. unless第三十一

32、頁，共39頁。7. 方式方式(fngsh)狀語從句狀語從句As: 按照按照(nzho)As if/though: 好象，似乎好象，似乎Do in Rome as Romes do.He looks as if he suffers great tension.第三十二頁，共39頁。8. 讓步狀語讓步狀語(zhungy)從句從句“盡盡管、雖然管、雖然”though/although可以和可以和yet, still, nevertheless連用連用(linyng)不能和不能和but連用連用(linyng)Though可以作副詞可以作副詞,放在句末放在句末 He promised to come;

33、 he hasnt _, though. Though/Although he is wealthy, he is not _. Weathy _ he is, yet heas/thoughwhilehealthyturned/shown up第三十三頁，共39頁。2. although不倒裝；不倒裝；though可以倒裝；可以倒裝；As 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須(bx)倒裝（將倒裝（將n./adj./adv./do提至句首）提至句首）Much as I like the coat, it is too expensive for me.Expert as he is, he is always modest.（n.前不可有任何冠詞）前不可有任何冠詞）Fool as he is, he is honest.Try as he might, he couldnt pass the test.第三十四頁，共39頁。3. Even if/though（even if 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)(yndo)的的句子有較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)性，而句子有較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)性，而 even though的的真實(shí)