Robert-Burns羅伯特彭斯

1、 Robert Burns(1759-1796) Outline of the lecturevLife of Burns and his poetryvPoem appreciation: A red, red rose Scots Wha Hae as an unofficial national anthem of the country Auld Lang Syne My Heart is in the HighlandvFeatures of Burns poetryvComments on BurnsRobert Burns vthe national poet of Scotla

2、nd, Scotlands favorite son, the Ploughman Poet, va pioneer of the Romantic movementvhis poems written in the Scottish dialect;vmany lyrics praising nature, love, and friendshipvHis “Auld Lang Syne” (Old Long Ago) which have been sung as a parting song in many places of the world in different languag

3、es. Lifevborn at Alloway, near Ayr, on January 25, 1759. v Robert - had been to school since the age of six -was educated at home by a teacher -was the farms chief labourer by the age of 15 a reading knowledge of French and Latin and had read Shakespeare, Dryden, Milton and the Bible. vDeath: on Jul

4、y 21, 1796, died of rheumatic fever, aged just 37 and was buried in the churchyard of St. Michaels in Dumfries dmfris 鄧弗里斯 Burns ReputationvRobert Burns gained more fame after his death than he ever did during his lifetime. Many of his songs and poems have become international favorites - even among

5、 those who find his use of Scottish lowland dialect difficult to decipher. vA cultural icon in Scotland; celebration of his life and work became almost a national charismatic cult during the 19th and 20th centuries, and his influence has long been strong on Scottish literature. Celebration of BurnsB

6、urns SuppervOn Jan. 25, as Burns nightvHave haggis (羊肚包雜碎), traditional Scottish foodvPlay pipesvPoetry readingThe suppers are normally held on or near the poets birthday, 25 January, sometimes also known as Robert Burns Day or Burns Night . A Burns supper is a celebration of the life and poetry of

7、the poet Robert Burns. Burns Cottagein Alloway, ScotlandPoetry of BurnsvThe poems of Burns are written in the Scottish dialect on a variety of subjects. v1) Political poemsv2) Satirical poemsv3) Lyrics vSelected Readings “A Red, Red Rose” “Auld Lang Syne” “My Hearts in the Highlands”Classification o

8、f Burns PoetryclassificationRepresentative worksScottish ballads John BarleycornPatriotic poemsMy Heart is in the HighlandLyrics of love & friendshipA Red, Red RoseJohn Anderson My JoAuld Lang SyneWriting characteristicvHis peasant origin and environment aided him in capturing the happy simplici

9、ty, humor, directness and optimism, which are characteristic of all old Scottish songs. Lyrical: A red, red rosewritten in 1794, published in 1796It is Burns most famous love poems. It is written in Ballad form. The rhyme scheme of the poem is abcb.歌謠（The Ballad） v歌謠（The Ballad）v歌謠又稱民歌體詩(shī)，是一種較短的敘事詩(shī)歌，

10、由民歌發(fā)展而來(lái)。歌謠由四行詩(shī)節(jié)組成。每一首歌謠的詩(shī)節(jié)數(shù)目不同，但是每一個(gè)四行詩(shī)節(jié)的格律卻是相同的。每一個(gè)四行詩(shī)節(jié)(stanza)由抑揚(yáng)格四韻步詩(shī)行(foot)和三韻步詩(shī)行組成，即第一行詩(shī)和第三行詩(shī)為抑揚(yáng)抑揚(yáng)格四韻步詩(shī)，第二行詩(shī)和第四行詩(shī)均為三韻步詩(shī)。v歌謠是一種在世界各地普遍存在的詩(shī)歌形式，大多為集體創(chuàng)作，通常描寫愛情故事、非凡的幸?；蛘呤亲罱氖录?。為了生動(dòng)地?cái)⑹龉适?，歌謠使用來(lái)自生活的自然語(yǔ)言。v歌謠的押韻格式為abab或abcb。由于歌謠來(lái)自于民歌，因此它同民歌一樣是靠口頭相傳的。最早的歌謠手稿大約產(chǎn)生于14至于5世紀(jì)之間。19世紀(jì)以前，大量歌謠都沒有被記錄下來(lái)。19世紀(jì)末，英國(guó)學(xué)者F.

11、 J. Child收集整理而編輯了一本歌謠詩(shī)集：英格蘭和蘇格蘭歌謠集（English and Scottish Ballads）。在英國(guó)文學(xué)中，歌謠后來(lái)成為一種重要的文學(xué)形式，出現(xiàn)了一批重要的用歌謠形式寫作詩(shī)歌的詩(shī)人，如羅伯特彭斯、華茲華斯、柯爾律治等。 The metrical pattern of the poem is basically in the ballad form, i.e. ,each stanza consisting of four lines, with four stressed syllables in odd-numbered lines and three s

12、tressed syllables in the even-numbered lines, and with rhymes occurring on the even-numbered lines. Theme: Burns clearly states and restates the theme: The speaker loves the young lady beyond measure. The only way he can express his love for her is through vivid similes and hyperbolic comparisons. Q

13、uestionsvHow dose the narrator in the love song express his love?vWhy is this poem so touching to the readers? Comparison with Chinese folk song 上邪上邪 上邪，吾欲與君相知，長(zhǎng)命無(wú)絕衰。 山無(wú)陵，江水為竭，冬雷震震，夏雨雪，天地合，乃敢與君絕！Q: what are the similarities between the two songs?Summary vThis is one of Burns popular love lyrics and

14、is also a good example of how the poet made use of old Scottish folk poetry and created immortal lines by revising the old folk material. The extreme simplicity of the language and the charming rhythmic beat of the verse express better than anything else the poets true sentiments toward his beloved.

15、 Scots, Wha Hae Scots, Wha Hae. Scots, wha hae wi Wallace bled, Scots, wham Bruce has aften led, Welcome to your gory bed Or to victorie! Nows the day, and nows the hour: See the front o battle lour, See approach proud Edwards power Chains and slaverie! Wha will be a traitor knave? Wha will fill a c

16、owards grave? Wha sae base as be a slave? - Let him turn, and flee! English translation Scots, who have with Wallace bled, Scots, whom Bruce has often led, Welcome to your gory bed Or to victory. Now is the day, and now is the hour: See the front of battle lower (threaten), See approach proud Edward

17、s power Chains and slavery. Who will be a traitor knave? Who will fill a cowards grave? Whos so base as be a slave? - Let him turn, and flee. Wha for Scotlands King and Law Freedoms sword will strongly draw, Freeman stand or freeman fa, Let him follow me! By oppressions woes and pains, By your sons

18、in servile chains, We will drain our dearest veins But they shall be free! Lay the proud usurpers low! Tyrants fall in every foe! Libertys in every blow! Let us do or dee! Who for Scotlands King and Law Freedoms sword will strongly draw, Freeman stand or freeman fall, Let him follow me. By oppressio

19、ns woes and pains, By your sons in servile chains, We will drain our dearest veins But they shall be free. Lay the proud usurpers low, Tyrants fall in every foe, Liberty is in every blow, Let us do or die! 蘇格蘭人跟華萊士流過血的蘇格蘭人，隨布魯斯作過戰(zhàn)的蘇格蘭人，起來(lái)！倒在血泊里也成要不就奪取勝利！時(shí)刻已到，決戰(zhàn)已近，前線的軍情吃緊，驕橫的愛德華在統(tǒng)兵入侵帶來(lái)鎖鏈，帶來(lái)奴役！誰(shuí)愿賣國(guó)求榮？

20、誰(shuí)愿爬進(jìn)懦夫的墳塋？誰(shuí)卑鄙到寧做奴隸偷生？讓他走，讓他逃避！誰(shuí)愿將蘇格蘭國(guó)王和法律保護(hù)，拔出自由之劍來(lái)痛擊、猛舞？誰(shuí)愿生作自由人，死作自由魂？讓他來(lái)，跟我出擊！憑被壓迫者的苦難采起誓，憑你們受奴役的子孫來(lái)起誓，我們決心流血到死但他們必須自由！打倒驕橫的篡位者！死一個(gè)敵人，少一個(gè)暴君！多一次攻擊，添一分自由！動(dòng)手要不就斷頭！ The poem consists of six quatrains, with the first three lines of each quatrain ending in rhyme and the fourth line of all the six quatra

21、ins taking up the same rhyme.Rhyme: aaab cccb . Supposed to be addressed by Bruce to his soldiers before the Battle of Bannockburn against Edward II. It is to encourage the Scots to fight !Auld Lang SyneAuld Lang Syneold long since long long ago Melody: Scots folk melody Uses: traditional New Year e

22、xtensive funerals graduations as a farewell or ending (beginning) to other occasionsAuld Lang SynevShould auld acquaintance be forgotv And never brought to mind? vShould auld acquaintance be forgot, And auld lang syne?vFor auld lang syne, my jo, For auld lang syne, Well take a cup o kindness yet, Fo

23、r auld lang syne. vShould auld acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to mind? Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And auld lang syne? vFor auld lang syne, my dear, For auld lang syne, Well take a cup of kindness yet For auld lang syne.Auld Lang Synev一首非常出名的詩(shī)歌，原文是蘇格蘭文，直一首非常出名的詩(shī)歌，原文是蘇格蘭文，直譯做英文是譯做英

24、文是old long since或或times gone by，意思大概是逝去已久的日子。，意思大概是逝去已久的日子。Auld Lang Syne是十八世紀(jì)蘇格蘭詩(shī)人羅伯特彭是十八世紀(jì)蘇格蘭詩(shī)人羅伯特彭斯斯(Robert Burns)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)馗咐峡趥麂浵碌?。根?jù)當(dāng)?shù)馗咐峡趥麂浵碌?。這首詩(shī)后來(lái)被譜了樂曲，除了原蘇格蘭文外，這首詩(shī)后來(lái)被譜了樂曲，除了原蘇格蘭文外，這首歌亦被多國(guó)譜上當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言，在中國(guó)各地這首歌亦被多國(guó)譜上當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言，在中國(guó)各地普遍稱為普遍稱為友誼地久天長(zhǎng)友誼地久天長(zhǎng)。 English songvShould old friendship be forgotAnd never remem

25、bered ?Should old friendship be forgotten,And days of long ago.vWe two have run about the hillsAnd pulled the daisies fine :But we have wandered many a weary footSince days of long ago.vWe two have waded in the streamFrom dawn till dinner-time :But seas between us broad have roaredSince days of long

26、 ago.vAnd theres a hand my trusty friend !And give me a hand of thine !And we will take a large draughtFor days of long ago. vAnd surely you will have your tankard !And surely I will have mine !And we will take a cup of kindness yet,For days of long agov在蘇格蘭，這首歌常在離別時(shí)詠唱。當(dāng)?shù)厝擞幸粋€(gè)傳統(tǒng)：分別之前手拉著手，繞圈唱著這首歌，歌頌珍貴

27、友誼，表達(dá)惜別之情。受其影響，許多國(guó)家的學(xué)校，在學(xué)生畢業(yè)的告別儀式中也模仿這種傳統(tǒng)。學(xué)子們?cè)趦x式結(jié)束時(shí)同聲歌唱，在余音繚繞中頻頻揮手與母校告別。由于它常與離別相關(guān)，所以其歌名有人翻譯為驪歌，有人翻譯為一路平安。v1940年美國(guó)電影魂斷藍(lán)橋（Waterloo bridge）用這首歌作主題曲。隨后，這首歌傳遍世界各地?；陻嗨{(lán)橋魂斷藍(lán)橋描寫了二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期英國(guó)軍官羅依與芭蕾描寫了二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期英國(guó)軍官羅依與芭蕾舞演員瑪拉的一段悲劇愛情故事。其中有一個(gè)情節(jié)舞演員瑪拉的一段悲劇愛情故事。其中有一個(gè)情節(jié)很有詩(shī)意：羅依即將奔赴前線了，兩人來(lái)到一家舞很有詩(shī)意：羅依即將奔赴前線了，兩人來(lái)到一家舞廳。夜深了，樂隊(duì)演奏最后的一

28、支樂曲廳。夜深了，樂隊(duì)演奏最后的一支樂曲友誼地久友誼地久天長(zhǎng)天長(zhǎng)。樂手們每奏完自己演奏的樂句，就吹熄譜。樂手們每奏完自己演奏的樂句，就吹熄譜架上的蠟燭，輕輕離座。最后只留下小提琴孤獨(dú)的架上的蠟燭，輕輕離座。最后只留下小提琴孤獨(dú)的聲音。接著聲音。接著，譜架上最后的一只燭光也熄滅了，兩人不得不在優(yōu)美凄涼的余音中戀戀不舍地告別v怎能忘記舊日朋友心中能不懷想， 舊日朋友豈能相忘，友誼地久天長(zhǎng)。友誼萬(wàn)歲，友誼萬(wàn)歲！ 舉杯痛飲同聲歌唱，友誼地久天長(zhǎng)！ v我們?cè)?jīng)終日游蕩在故鄉(xiāng)青山上， 我們也曾歷盡苦辛到處奔波流浪。友誼萬(wàn)歲，友誼萬(wàn)歲！舉杯痛飲同聲歌唱，友誼地久天長(zhǎng)！ v我們也曾終日逍遙蕩漿在綠波上， 但如

29、今卻勞燕分飛遠(yuǎn)隔大海重洋。友誼萬(wàn)歲，友誼萬(wàn)歲！舉杯痛飲同聲歌唱，友誼地久天長(zhǎng)！ v我們往日情誼相投，讓我們緊握手，讓我們來(lái)舉杯暢飲，友誼地久天長(zhǎng)！ 友誼萬(wàn)歲！友誼萬(wàn)歲！ 舉杯痛飲同聲歌唱，友誼地久天長(zhǎng)！“My Hearts in the Highlands” Natural scene of Scottish HighlandvHighland cow Highland in October我的心在高原我的心在高原-（蘇格蘭）羅伯特.彭斯v我的心在高原，身在異鄉(xiāng)：v我的心在高原，追趕著鹿群，v追趕著野鹿，跟蹤著小鹿，v我的心在高原，無(wú)論去向何方！v再會(huì)吧，高原！再會(huì)吧，北方！v你是品德的國(guó)家，壯士的故鄉(xiāng)！v無(wú)論我在哪流浪，何處彷徨，高原的群山我永不相忘！v再會(huì)吧，白雪皚皚的高峰