初中英語(yǔ)中考情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)及練習(xí)

1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞【情態(tài)動(dòng)詞】 又叫情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞。它們具有以下特點(diǎn): 它們必須與其他動(dòng)詞連用，即： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞標(biāo)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所述動(dòng)作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或懷疑等。絕大多數(shù)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化,即第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s（以be和have開(kāi)頭的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)除外）。 在意義上，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞具有 多義性”。例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允許等意義?！厩閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法】1. can的基本用法： 表示體力或智力上的能力，即 能夠，會(huì)“，可與be able to轉(zhuǎn)換。例：He can speak English. = He is able to speak English. Can you play

2、 basketball?-No, I can . t如果表示 將來(lái) 具備的能力，要用 will be able to。例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem. 表示許可，主要用于口語(yǔ)，書(shū)面語(yǔ)一般用may。例： Can we go home now, please?-No, you can . tYou can only smoke in this room.You can keep the library books for more than a month. 表示“可能”，與may同義，但一般用在疑問(wèn)句中。例：

3、What can he possibly want?在否定句中，否定形式cant表示推測(cè) 不大可能”。例： Anybody can make mistakes.The news can be true.與第一、二人稱連用時(shí)，還可以就可能的解決問(wèn)題的方式或可能的行為提出建議。在這里，也可用could使語(yǔ)氣婉轉(zhuǎn)。例：Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我們可以再見(jiàn)面嗎？ What shall we do? 我們?cè)趺崔k呢？一We can / could try asking Lucy for help.我們可以請(qǐng)露茜幫忙試試看。You can / could

4、 help me with the cooking.你可以幫我做飯。2. may的基本用法： 表示“許可”，用can比較口語(yǔ)化。例：You may / can come if you wish. 如果你想來(lái)，你就來(lái)。You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公園內(nèi)不許摘花。（may not表示按規(guī)定不許可，如果用mustn則表示說(shuō)話人不許可。）一May 11 smoke here?我可以在這里抽煙嗎？ No, you mustn，行。（mustn 表示明確的禁止。） 肯定句中表示推測(cè)，“可能”。例：It may rain tomorrow.明天可能會(huì)下雨。

5、The news may not be true.這個(gè)消息可能不會(huì)是真的。注意：如果在威問(wèn)：中表示“可能”，通常用 扇。例：Can it be true? 那會(huì)是真的嗎？Who can he be? 1他究竟是誰(shuí)呢？ 【注意】：May| I/we?Yes, youma1./ No, you mustn，. t3. must的基本用法： 表示必須，強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話人的主觀意志。例：I must go now, or I ll be late.You must be here by ten o clock.【注意】：表示必須時(shí)， must的否定式為 needn t,或dont have to ，而不是mu

6、stii b 也就是： 一Must I/we do it now ?-Yes, you _ must .-No, you |needn |/don have to .例：一Must I go with them?-No, you. 表示推測(cè)，一般只用于 肯定陳述句，表示非?？隙ā＠篠he didn t look at me. Shenust be angry.她不朝我看，一定是生氣了。He is good at English. He must know the word. 他英語(yǔ)好，準(zhǔn)知道這個(gè)詞。You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是瓊斯先生吧。4. have to的基本用

7、法：have to可視為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，但它與其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在用法上稍有不同。其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化， 而have to卻有人稱和數(shù)的變化，要視主語(yǔ)的不同而變化。例：I / You/ We / They have to .He / She / It has to .You don have to .Does she have to ?have to =have got td,意思是“必須.不得不”。和must不同之處：must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀需要have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。例：Sorry, I have to leave now.對(duì)不起，現(xiàn)在我得走了。I ve got to go to a meeti

8、ng. 我得去參加一個(gè)會(huì)議。Will he have to work deep into the night? 他將不得不工作到深夜嗎？5. need的基本用法：need的基本詞義是 需要“， 它既可作，小杰動(dòng)詞: 又可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 。need用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。它只有一種形式，后接動(dòng)詞原形。例：I don t believe yoneed worry.我相信你沒(méi)有必要焦急。一Need we go so soon?我們需要這么早就去嗎？一Yes, we must / No, we needn . t 是的，必須。/不，不必。So I needn tell him, need I

9、? 所以我不需要告訴他，對(duì)吧？請(qǐng)比較以下兩句話的不同意思：You needn t buhe coat.你沒(méi)有必要買那件外衣。(你還沒(méi)買)You needn t have boughte coat.你沒(méi)有必要買這件外衣的。(而你卻買了)【注意】：Need | I/we?-Yes, you must |./ No, you| needn /t|don have to |.need用作性迎向I，有態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。如果人作主語(yǔ)，一般后接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。即 need to do sth如果物作主語(yǔ)，一般后用 need to be done 或|need doing sth一例如：I need t

10、o look up this word in the dictionary.My watch needs mending/to be mended. 我的手表需要修理了。We don t neeto work today. (= We needn work today.)Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?)6. had better的基本用法:to的動(dòng)詞不定式。had better常略作d better現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)法認(rèn)為它是一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)樗蠼硬粠ad better do sth意思是 最好做某事；還是做某事比較好例：Yo

11、u d betteget some sleep.你最好睡一會(huì)兒。You d better nodo that again.你最好別再做那件事。What had we better do now? 我們現(xiàn)在怎么做才好呢？Hadn we better tell her the truth? 我們是否最好不告訴她真相？注意: Y。d better表示勸告或委婉的命令，對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩不宜使用。7. could, should, would, might 表示推測(cè):.must多用于肯定句中表示 把握性極大的推測(cè)，意思為 定、肯定如：You have worked hard all day. You must b

12、e tired. 你已辛苦工作一整天了，一定累了。The book must be his. His name is on the cover.這本書(shū)一定是他的，封面上寫(xiě)著他的名字。【注意】 must不表推測(cè)時(shí)，在肯定句中意思為必須（強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)在的職責(zé)）”在否定句中意思為 不許、禁止”以它開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句否定回答常用needn或don t （doesn t） have to如:We must obey the traffic rules.我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。Cars mustn t be parked here#嚴(yán)禁停車。一Must we hand in the papers this week?

13、我們必須本星期交論文嗎 ？- No, you needn不t.1你們不必（本星期交）。.can / could多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句最感嘆句小表示推測(cè)、懷疑，兩者在時(shí)間上沒(méi)有差別。用 can時(shí)不相信 的程度更強(qiáng)一些，can口徜常譯為|不可能”。如:The man under the tree canTobe. He s gone to England這個(gè)人不可能是 Tom,他已經(jīng)去英國(guó)了。Can it be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy? 他被一個(gè)五歲的孩子愚弄了，這能是真的嗎？Could this be an excuse?這會(huì)不

14、會(huì)是個(gè)借口 ？How can you be so careless! 你怎么這樣粗心 ！.may / might多用來(lái)表示把握性不大的推測(cè)，意思為 也許、可能，might比may的把握性更小一些。may not|在否定句中常常譯為何能不”|。（注意區(qū)分 不可能”與 何能不”在把握性大小上的差異。） 如:Mr. Wang may know Professor Li s telephone number先生也許知道李教授的電話號(hào)碼。This might be the key Tom has been looking for.這可能就是湯姆一直在找的鑰匙。She may not be there t

15、oday.今天她可能不在那兒。，、典型例題【中考鏈接】()1. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?No, it be him. Mr. Li is much taller.A. mustn t B. may noC. can t()2. Must I go with them tomorrow ?No, you.A. mustntB. shouldnt C. neednt()3. I take some photos in the hall?No, you.A. Can, needn B. Must, mustn tC. Could, won ()

16、4.- Dad, must I finish my homework today?D.needn tD. cantt D. May, mustn tNo, you. You may do it tomorrow.D. won tA. needn t B. mustn t C. don t()5. The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? It.Look, some kids are swimming in it.A. must be true B. can t be true C. may not be true ()6. What is your m

17、other going to do this Saturday?一I m not surShe go to see my grandmother.A. canB. mustC. may()7. Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.It be very expensive. I never even dream about it.A. mustB. mightC. can tD. shouldn()8. Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall? No, i

18、t be him. He has gone to Japan.A. needn t B. may notC. mustn tD. can t()9. Let s go to the West Hill Park by taxi.Oh, it is not far away from here. We take a taxi.A. couldn t B. mustn t C. needn t D. can t ()10. Can you play the piano? Yes, I. I often practice it on weekends.A. needn t B. needC. can

19、 tD. can三、課后練習(xí)一、 用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better 的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. You return the library book on time.2. I(not) find the way to the hospital.you show me the way?3. 一 I finish the work right now?No, you(not). You do it later.4. He said he(not) come tonight.5. Her mother was ill. She stay at hom

20、e and look after her.6. It s time for class. You stop playing football or you be late for class7. We start right now, or they would get there first.8. The cloud is lifting, so it(not) be a rainy day tomorrow.二、選擇填空()1.Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? Yes, you.A. must B. can C. may D

21、. need()2. Must I be in hospital for a week , Doctor?-No, you _ . Ycu can go back home tomorrow.A. mustn t B. needn t C, WUSl()3. The desk is not dirty. You clean it.A. mustn t B. shouldn t C. needn t C. can t()4. May I watch TV for a while ?No, you. You have to finish your homework first.A. shouldn

22、 t B. needn t C. mustn t D. won t()5. Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening? No, it be her. She to Japan.A. mustn ; has gone B.mustnt ;has beenC. can t ;hasgone D. can t ;has been()6. It s the library! So you know shouting is not allowedhere.A. canB. mustC. needD.may()7. Boys and girls, don t forget yourreport . It today.A. can t finish B. can t be finished C. should finish D. should be finished()8.Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning. No, he,because he didn t know my add