高中英語（Unit 1　Women of achievement）達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練新人教必修4

1、更上一層樓基礎(chǔ)·鞏固.改錯1.Each computer and each operator have been moved to the air-conditioned house._2.A woman with two children have gone to the Great Wall._3.This is one of the best novels that has appeared this year._4.The police has caught the murderer._5.Mathematics are the base of all other scien

2、ces._6.The United Nations are made up of more than 160 countries._7.Ours are a great socialist country._8.There stand a lamp,a vase and some books on the desk._9.There are two men in the room;the old are the youngs father._10.The known are less exciting than the unknown._答案:1.havehas兩個并列主語被each修飾時，謂

3、語動詞用單數(shù)。2.havehas主語后有with短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。3.hashavenovels為先行詞，定語從句用復(fù)數(shù)動詞。4.policepoliceman或hashavepolice一般接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。5.areis學(xué)科名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。6.areis以-s結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。7.areis名詞性物主代詞ours代指our country，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。8.standstandsthere引導(dǎo)的句子，謂語動詞與鄰近的主語一致。9.后一個areisthe old在此表示個體。10.areisthe known代指抽象概念。.翻譯1.在社會福

4、利方面,他們也取得了很大成績。(achieve)_2.她畢生從事科學(xué)工作。(devote.to.)_3.這個問題值得考慮。(worth/worthy/worth while)_4.有人看到他們進(jìn)入銀行。(observe)_5.你會感冒實(shí)在不尋常。(It is unusual.)_6.我們要尊重他們的民族風(fēng)俗。(respect)_7.他的話鼓舞我們更加努力地工作。(inspire)_8.舊社會婦女受歧視。(look down upon)_9.我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該相互關(guān)心相互幫助。(care for)_10.由于生病,這個報(bào)告他不能做了。(deliver)_答案:1.In social welfare t

5、hey have achieved a lot too.2.She devoted all her life to scientific work.3.The problem is worth considering.The problem is worthy of consideration/being considered.The problem is worthy to be considered.Its worth while considering/to consider the problem.4.They were observed entering the bank.5.It

6、is unusual for you to catch a cold.6.We must respect their national customs.7.His words inspired us to work harder.8.In the old society women were looked down upon.9.We students should care for each other and help each other.10.He couldnt deliver the lecture owing to his illness.選擇填空1.(2004上海高考) Chi

7、nese arts have won the_of a lot of people outside China.A.enjoymentB.appreciationC.entertainmentD.reputation答案:B解對本題要精確把握題意和四個選項(xiàng)的含義。enjoyment意為“享樂;快樂”；appreciation意為“欣賞”；entertainment是“娛樂”之意；reputation意為“聲譽(yù)”。結(jié)合本題的含義“中國藝術(shù)贏得的是別國人民的欣賞、贊譽(yù)”，可以確定本處應(yīng)填appreciation。2.(2004全國高考) The scientists are looking_ th

8、e problem with air pollution in the city.A.intoB.forC.afterD.around答案:A解對本題要弄清這四個短語的區(qū)別。look into意為“調(diào)查，研究（的原因）”,look for意為“尋找”,look after意為“照料某人（物）”,look around 意為“環(huán)顧四周”。結(jié)合題意 “科學(xué)家們正在調(diào)查這個城市的空氣污染問題”可知，此處應(yīng)用look into。3.(2003上海高考) Some passengers complain that it usually_so long to fill in travel insuranc

9、e documents.A.costsB.takesC.spendsD.spares答案:B據(jù)so long提示，應(yīng)選擇“花(時間）”。后面to fill in.用的是不定式的形式，cost,spend都不能與之連用。而take作“花時間”講的結(jié)構(gòu)是“it takes time to do sth.”，正符合題意。4.(2004重慶高考) I failed in the final examination last term and only then_the importance of studies.A.I realizedB.I had realizedC.had I realizedD

10、.did I realized答案:Dthen即為failed in the final examination之時，應(yīng)用一般過去時，排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。only then作狀語置于句首，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，句子要部分倒裝，排除A項(xiàng)。5.(2003全國高考)Theres coffee and tea,you can have_.Thanks.A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it答案:A按常理講，別人請你喝點(diǎn)什么，通常是讓你從供選飲料中選一種。You can have either正有讓人來選的意思。如果使用each或one都表示前面只提到同一種物品。如果用it，則表示前面只有一種物品，并且是單數(shù)

11、，這和原題是相矛盾的。6.Though there is little time left,we_the work as well as we can.A.determined toB.determine doingC.are determined to doD.are determined doing答案:CB、D兩項(xiàng)動詞用法錯誤，A項(xiàng)時態(tài)錯誤，故選擇C項(xiàng)。7._to looking after her sick mother for two years,she badly needed a holiday.A.Having devotedB.DevotedC.To be devotedD.

12、To have devoted答案:B本題句意為:兩年來她一直照顧生病的媽媽，她現(xiàn)在非常需要一個假期。不定式一般不放在句首作原因狀語，排除掉C、D兩項(xiàng)。A 項(xiàng)中devote缺少賓語，也應(yīng)予以排除。B項(xiàng)中，過去分詞devoted作狀語表示動作的完成和被動。試比較:Having devoted two years to looking after her sick mother,she badly needed a holiday.此句中devote后接two years作賓語，故可用devote的主動形式。8.The children are well_in the nurseries.A.ca

13、red forB.taken careC.care aboutD.cared答案:A此處care for意為“關(guān)懷、照顧”。B項(xiàng)搭配錯誤，應(yīng)為taken care of；C項(xiàng)動詞形式錯誤，意思也不合適；D項(xiàng)也不正確，因?yàn)閏are作及物動詞意為“介意、計(jì)較”。9.Dont_the role women can play.A.look downB.look down uponC.look uponD.look on答案:Blook down upon/on意為“輕視，看不起”。句意為:不要小看婦女的作用。10.More rescue teams went to the_areas after Su

14、ndays earthquake and tsunami in the Indian Ocean.A.strikedB.struckC.strickenD.striking答案:Cstriking 意為“引人注目的，顯著的”；stricken 意為“受災(zāi)害侵襲的，受害的”。作定語常用stricken而不用struck。stricken areas意為“災(zāi)區(qū)”。綜合·應(yīng)用.閱讀理解AA Giant Leap for ChinaA few days ago,he was just Colonel（上校） Yang;few people knew his name or recognize

15、d his face.But last Thursday,when he came back to the earth after a 21-hour trip to space,Yang Liweis smile was seen across the world above the magic words:“Chinas first spaceman”.The 38-year-old astronaut was sent into space at 9 a.m.Last Wednesday by Chinas Shenzhou spacecraft,which orbited the ea

16、rth 14 times.He landed safely at 6:23 a.m.The next day,making China the third country successfully send a person into space,after the former Soviet Union and the US.Yang was satisfied with his job.“I have seen many landing scenes before on video,and I think ours was one of the most successful,”He sa

17、id on a special plane to Beijing after landing.Born into an ordinary family in Liaoning Province,he became a pilot in the Chinese Air Force in 1987,spending 1350 hours in the air.He joined the Chinese space programme 11 years later.While in space,Yang recorded everything he saw as well as showing Ch

18、inas national flag and the United Nations flag to the people watching on TV at home.He also ate a meal of diced chicken and fried rice,before taking a 3-hour nap.The whole project went according to plan,but space exploration is not as easy as it seems.Anyone who saw the destruction of the US space s

19、huttle Columbia in February this year will know that Yang took a great risk.He experienced extremely high temperatures,while the gravitation(重力)on take-off and landing were strong enough to force tears from his eyes.He has spent five years training to become a spaceman.“I eat all of my meals at the

20、space programmes dinning room and have never been able to take my son to kindergarten,”he said.“Ive never met his teachers.”But becoming Chinas first spaceman has made all the effort worthwhile.“When I boarded the spacecraft for the first time,I couldnt help feeling excited,” he said.“I decided that

21、 I had to fly it.”To Chinese people,Yang is now a hero.One visitor to a Xinhua news agency online forum（網(wǎng)上論壇）said,“Yangs trip is a giant leap forward for China.”O(jiān)fficials say the next Shenzhou will be launched by 2005.China also plans to develop spacewalking and a space lab.1.What is the main idea o

22、f the story？A.Chinas first manned flight.B.A hero with great courage.C.The first Chinese man in space.D.How Yang Liwei became Chinas first spaceman.2.How long did each of Yangs orbits take on average？A.1 hour.B.1.5 hours.C.6 hours. D.The story didnt mention it.3.Why did the writer mention the gravit

23、ation forces on take-off and landing？A.Because it was the most dangerous part of the space flight.B.Because it was a very special experience.C.To stress how much training he had to do to prepare for the flight.D.To show that Yang is brave.4.Why did the writer use “giant leap” in the title？A.Because

24、the space flight marked Chinas great progress in the field of space exploration.B.Because Neil Armstrong said it was a “giant leap” for mankind when he first set foot on the moon.C.Because the space flight was a huge success.D.Both A and B.5.This passage is most likely to appear in_.A.newspaperB.tex

25、tbookC.science magazinesD.biographies（傳記）答案:C主旨題。全文主要講述了楊利偉，并非介紹中國首次載人太空飛行。2.B計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段提到的時間和飛船繞地球飛行的圈數(shù)可計(jì)算出結(jié)果。3.D判斷題。從第五段和第六段“experience extremely high temperature”和“force tears from his eyes”中可得出答案。4.D綜合判斷題。從文中對“神舟”五號成功升天的評價可知A項(xiàng)符合題意，B項(xiàng)所涉及的知識已成為眾所周知的歷史常識，而且文章倒數(shù)第二段也曾提及，故D項(xiàng)為正確答案。5.A從文章結(jié)構(gòu)松散、引語訪談較多可知這是一

26、篇新聞報(bào)道，應(yīng)該最有可能刊登在報(bào)紙上，而不是課本、科學(xué)雜志或傳記里面。B(2004年全國高考)Like many lovers of books,Mary and her husband,Richard Goldman,seldom walked past a bookstore without stopping to look inside.They often talked of opening their own store one day.When Mary was hospitalized with heart trouble in 1989,they decided it was

27、time to get serious.Richard,who worked for a business company,was eager to work for himself,and Mary needed to slow down from her demanding job.They started by talking to bookstore owners and researching the industry.“We knew it had to be a specialty store because we couldnt match the big chains dol

28、lar for dollar,” says Mary.One figure caught her attention:Shed read somewhere that roughly 20 percent of books sold were mysteries(推理小說),and many buyers spent more than 300 a year on books.She and Richard were themselves mystery readers.On Halloween 1992,they opened the Mystery Lovers Bookshop and

29、Café near their home.With three children in college,the couple could not spend all the familys money to start a shop.To cover the 100 000 cost,they drew some of their savings,borrowed from relatives and from a bank.The store merely broke even in its first year,with only 120 000 in sales.But Mar

30、y was always coming up with new ways to attract customers.The shop had a coffee bar and it offered gifts to mystery lovers and served dimmers for book clubs that met in the store.She also invited dozens of writers to discuss their stories.Today Mystery Lovers makes sales of about 420 000 a year.Afte

31、r paying taxes,business costs and the six part-time sales clerks,Richard and Mary together earn about 34 000.“The job you love may not go hand in hand with a million-dollar income,” says Richard.“This has always been about an enjoyable life for ourselves,not about making a lot of money.”6.When Mary

32、was in hospital,the couple realized that_.A.they had to put their plan into practiceB.health was more important than wealthC.heart trouble was a serious illnessD.they both needed to stop working7.After Mary got well from her illness they began_.A.to study industrial managementB.to buy and read more

33、mystery books C.to do market research on book business D.to work harder to wave money for the bookstore8.How did their bookstore do in the first year？A.They had to borrow money to keep it going.B.They made just enough to cover all the costs.C.They succeeded in earning a lot of money.D.They failed th

34、ough they worked hark.輕9.According to Richard,the main purpose of running the bookstore is_.A.to pay for their childrens education B.to get to know more writersC.to set up more bookstores D.to do what they like to do答案:6.A本篇介紹了一對愛書的夫妻，把開書店的想法變成現(xiàn)實(shí)，并設(shè)法提高了效益。第一段提他們開書店的愿望，第二段講Mary被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院，兩人認(rèn)為到了認(rèn)真考慮(而不是說說而

35、已）開書店的事兒丈夫要給自己干活，妻子須減緩節(jié)奏。7.C第三段講Mary 和 Richard 同業(yè)內(nèi)人士交談，搞市場調(diào)查，了解相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)等。這是Mary出院后的事兒。8.B第五段開頭一句可知:書店在頭一年就幾乎倒閉，銷售總額只120 000美元。9.D篇章最后一段說明了Richard的觀點(diǎn):你愛干工作未必就有豐厚的收入。(開書店）是一種他們所喜愛的生活，而不是發(fā)大財(cái)。視野·新知你還想對其他有成就的婦女做進(jìn)一步的了解嗎？你想知道美國最有名的女脫口秀主持人嗎？那就仔細(xì)讀下面這篇文章吧！Americas Beloved Best FriendOprah Winfrey revolutioni

36、zed the talk show market with her unique and natural style and rose to become the host of the most watched daytime show on television,which boasts 22 million viewers daily (three-fourths of whom are women).She is the first African American to own her own TV studio.The multitalented Winfrey is also a

37、 millionaire businesswoman,a talented actress,owner of a movie production company,and committed philanthropist(慈善家）.“I was taught to read at an early age.By the time I was three,I was reciting speeches in the church.Theyd put me up on the program,and say,Little Mistress Winfrey will render a recitat

38、ion, and I would do Jesus rose on Easter Day,Hallelujah,Hallelujah,all the angels did proclaim.” Oprah Winfreys public speaking career began in 1957.At three,she was speaking in church,by her teens she was touring the churches of Nashville,reciting the sermons of James Weldon Johnson.Other children

39、sang,Oprah talked.And shes still talking but to much larger audiences.The path that led from her grandmothers farm in Kosciusko,Mississippi to becoming the first African-American woman billionaireis a story of unwavering(不動搖的）focus and unrelenting(不屈不撓的)determination.Taught to read by her grandmothe

40、r at an age when most children are only learning to talk,Oprah became a voracious(如饑似渴的)readera habit she retains to this day.Books became her outlet to the world and the basis of her passionate belief in education.An actress of nomination.Some call her lucky,but Oprah Winfrey doesnt believe in luck

41、.She believes “l(fā)uck is preparation meeting opportunity.” Her rise from reading the news on a small radio station to being the first woman in history to own and produce her own television talk show proves her point.A seeker of truth in herself and in others,her empathy(執(zhí)著）,honesty,and love of people

42、have made her one of the most beloved women in America;a teacher who educates a devoted audience about subjects as varied as sexual abuse,divorce,childrens issues,and countless other important subjects;a close friend who visits over 20 million homes a day.【個性思考】 Do you think why a wonderful host or

43、hostess should have a good knowledge of everything？In my view_Marie Curie BiographyMarie Curie,née Maria Sklodowska,was born in Warsaw on November 7,1867,the daughter of a secondary-school teacher.She received a general education in local schools and some scientific training from her father.She

44、 became involved in a students revolutionary(革命的)organization and found it prudent(深謀遠(yuǎn)慮的)to leave Warsaw,then in the part of Poland dominated by Russia,for Cracow,which at that time was under Austrian rule.In 1891,she went to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne where she obtained Licentiat

45、eships in Physics and the Mathematical Sciences.She met Pierre Curie,professor in the School of Physics,in 1894 and in the following year they were married.She succeeded her husband as Head of the Physics Laboratory at the Sorbonne,gained her Doctor of Science degree in 1903,and following the tragic

46、(悲劇的)death of Pierre Curie in 1906,she took his place as Professor of General Physics in the Faculty(系,院)of Sciences,the first time a woman had held this position.She was also appointed(委派)Director of the Curie Laboratory in the Radium Institute of the University of Paris,founded in 1914.Her early r

47、esearches,together with her husband,were often performed under difficult conditions,laboratory arrangements were poor and both had to undertake much teaching to earn a livelihood(生計(jì)）.The discovery of radioactivity(放射能）by Henri Becquerel in 1896 inspired the Curies in their brilliant(輝煌的)researches a