高中英語必修4Unit2知識點教案Word版

1、新課標高中英語必修四知識點教案Unit 2 Working the land1. If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing? 如果沒有的話，你愿意試種哪種植物？2. More than 800 million people go to bed hungry every day.每天八億多人餓著睡覺。hungry adj. 做主語補足語 go hungry 挨餓He had to have a job or go hungry.他必須找到工作，否則就得挨餓。名詞hunger 饑餓、饑荒”，通常是不可數(shù)名詞。His grand

2、father died of hunger before liberation. 他爺爺解放前餓死了。hunger 作名詞也可以與for/after搭配，常見的結構是have a hunger for，其中的hunger 則是可數(shù)名詞。3. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat? 如果明天突然沒有米可吃了，你認為會發(fā)生什么事呢？1）該句中用了虛擬語氣，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設。從句用過去時，主句中用would/could/might/should+動詞原形。2）本句型是一種復雜的

3、特殊疑問句，其結構是：特殊疑問詞+不帶賓語的一般疑問句+陳述結構。從語法角度看，do you think是插入語，不是句子的主干，句子的主干應是What would happen? 因為插入語把原來的特殊疑問句一分為二，故不管疑問詞在句中作什么成分特殊疑問句都要用陳述語序。在以上談到的復雜的特殊疑問句的句型中，常見的動詞除think外，還有believe，consider，suppose，imagine，guess，say和suggest等。還有能接賓語從句的形容詞，如afraid， sure，glad, certain，surprised，pleased等。What time does th

4、e letter say he will start? 信中說他什么時間動身？注意：這種句型不能用Yes或No來回答，要把句型中的插入語變成“陳述句+賓語從句”的形式來回答，插入語也可后置，其前用逗號。What do you think the ocean bottom is made up of? 你認為海底是由什么組成的？I think it is made up of irregular plains.（或：It is made up of irregular plains，I think.）我認為海底是由高低不平的平原組成的。4. Although he is one of China

5、s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.盡管是中國最著名的科學家之一，袁隆平仍然認為自己是個農(nóng)民，因為他在田間耕作，進行科學研究。I consider it a great honor. 我認為這是極大的榮幸。此句中work為及物動詞，意為“耕種（土地）”。They are working the land together.他們一起在田間耕作。work作及物動詞，還有“使工作；開動；創(chuàng)造（奇跡）；經(jīng)營（工廠、農(nóng)場等）

6、”等意；作不及物動詞，意為“工作；（機器等）開動；（辦法、計劃等）行得通”等。He works his employees long hours.他使他的員工長時間地工作。Do you know how to work this machine?你知道怎樣開動這臺機器嗎？This shows that man can work wonders.這說明人類可以創(chuàng)造奇跡。I dont think that your suggestion will work.我認為你的建議行不通。5. , for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 過去

7、五十年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。We should learn to struggle with difficulties.我們應該學會和困難作斗爭。struggle with與斗爭；和一起戰(zhàn)斗struggle.for 為爭取而斗爭struggle.against與斗爭；為反對而斗爭struggle后面除了可以接介詞外，還可以接副詞與不定式。She struggled up the stairs with her heavy bags.她提著沉重的包費力地爬上樓梯。A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free.一只鳥被網(wǎng)

8、罩住了，掙扎著想要逃脫。struggle還可以作名詞，意思是“斗爭；搏斗；努力；掙扎；難事”等。With a struggle，he controlled his feelings.他費力地控制住了自己的感情。6. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲三分之一的產(chǎn)量成為可能。這個句子的基本結構是由“make it.to do 使做（某事）成為”構成的。it是形式賓語，possible是賓語補

9、足語，to do是真正的賓語。有些動詞后常跟這種結構，即：find/feel/think/consider/make+it+adj. /n. +不定式短語。We found it pleasant to work in this school.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在這所學校里工作很愉快。7. be born into (由于)出生于Born into a poor farmers family in 1931袁博士1931年出生于一個貧苦農(nóng)民家庭Born into a poor peasant family, he couldnt go to college. 由于出生在貧苦農(nóng)民家庭，他沒能上大學。8.

10、graduate from畢業(yè)于Dr. Yuan graduated from Southwest Agriculture College. 袁博士畢業(yè)于西南農(nóng)業(yè)大學。注：表示畢業(yè)于某專業(yè)，用in。He graduated in law from Oxford. 他畢業(yè)于牛津大學法律系。9. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 年輕時，他就看到了稻田增產(chǎn)的巨大需求。children's need for milk 兒童需要牛奶The hungry children were in n

11、eed of food. 這些饑餓的孩子需要食物。if need be如果需要If need be, I can come early tomorrow. 如果需要的話，明天我可早來。10. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. 當時，饑荒是許多農(nóng)村地區(qū)面臨的令人不安的問題。A light wind disturbed the surface of the pond. 微風使池塘水面泛起漣漪。I'm sorry to disturb you with this qu

12、estion. 對不起,打擾你了,我有個問題請教。I have heard some bad news which has disturbed me very much. 我聽到了一些壞消息，這使我很不安。11. searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.尋求在不增加土地面積的基礎上達到增收稻谷的途徑。expand vt. & vi.使變大；伸展；闡述反義詞：decreaseHeat expands metal.金屬受熱膨脹。expand on/upon 詳

13、談；充分敘述You mentioned the need for extra funding. Would you please expand on that?你提到了增加資金的必要性，請你充分敘述一下好嗎？12. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. 這增加的糧食產(chǎn)量意味著中國僅僅7%的耕地養(yǎng)活了世界上22%的人口。feed wheat to cattle(=feed cattle with wheat)用小麥喂牛fe

14、ed plants with fertilizer給植物施肥13. less developed countries 欠發(fā)達國家14. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.由于他的研究，聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中有了更多的方法。thanks to 幸虧;由于Thanks to the efforts by the headmaster，I can go back to school now.由于校長的努力，我現(xiàn)在又能回學校上學了。Thanks to you

15、, I was saved from drowning. 幸虧你，我才沒淹死。rid.of 使擺脫;使解除;使去掉You must rid yourself of these old-fashioned ideas.你必須擺脫這些陳腐觀念的束縛。15. Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出比以前多一倍的糧食。分詞短語using his hybrid rice 作方式狀語。形容詞原形as.as的前面可以用倍數(shù)詞（如half，a quarter，tw

16、ice，three times等），意為“是的多少倍”。倍數(shù)的表達可用下面三個句型：A+be+倍數(shù)+as+adj. + as+B。Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。A+ be+倍數(shù)+比較級+than+B。Asia is three times larger than Europe.亞洲比歐洲大三倍。A+be+倍數(shù)+the size/length/height/depth/width+of+B。Asia is four times the size of Europe.亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。注意：time表示倍數(shù)，一般只限于表示基數(shù)詞在

17、內(nèi)的三倍或三倍以上；若表示兩倍，可用副詞twice或形容詞double。time表示的倍數(shù)也可以用分數(shù)、百分數(shù)或某些表程度的副詞替換。Our room is 60% the size of theirs.我們的房間是他們房間的60%大。16. be satisfied with 對感到滿意/滿足Im very satisfied with you. 我對你很滿意。Im not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我對目前的情況一點都不滿意。Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with y

18、ou.你在學校干得不錯，我對你很滿意。近義詞組:be content with 同根詞:satisfy vt. 滿足;使?jié)M意; satisfaction n. 滿意；滿足be satisfied to do對做感到滿意。He was satisfied to win the race.他對贏得賽跑感到滿意。satisfying，satisfied和 satisfactory的區(qū)別:satisfying 令人滿意的；使人滿足的a satisfying answer（令人滿意的回答）satisfied 感到滿意的；滿足的a satisfied smile（滿意的微笑）satisfactory圓滿的

19、a satisfactory explanation（圓滿的解釋）17. However，he doesnt care about being famous. 但是，他對成名并不在意。care about 關心, 擔心，在乎，介意Don't you care about this country's future? 難道你不為國家前途擔憂嗎?I don't much care about going. 我并不很想去。18. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的業(yè)余愛好上。would rath

20、er寧愿；寧可做某事Jane would rather stay at home than go to such parties.簡寧愿待在家中也不愿參加此類晚會。1）“would rather +動詞原形”是英語中常見的一個慣用句式（美國英語中多用had rather）。d rather為would（或had）rather的縮寫形式。would（had）在此不是過去式，絕無“過去”之意，且無詞性、時態(tài)的變化。該句式常用來表示選擇的意愿，意為“寧可；寧愿；最好”。Hed rather work in the countryside.他寧可到農(nóng)村去工作。2）would rather與than連用

21、，可構成另一個慣用句式，即“would rather .than .”,意為“寧可（愿）（而）不要（愿）；與其不如”。用以表達主語的意愿，強調(diào)經(jīng)過選擇后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。3）后接從句，從句謂語動詞用一般過去式表示現(xiàn)在或將來，用過去完成時表示過去。Id rather you came tomorrow than today. 我寧愿你明天來，不要今天來。Id rather you hadnt done that. 我真希望你沒做過那事。To enjoy the scenery, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _ t

22、ravel by air.A. as                B. to                  C. than              D. whileprefer to比起來，還是好; 喜歡（而不喜歡）He preferred death to dishon

23、or.他寧死也不愿受辱。1）近義詞組：like.better than2）prefer和to后跟同等的并列成分，可以跟名詞、動名詞或不定式。常用三種結構：prefer+n. +to+n.，I prefer English to biology.我喜歡英語而不喜歡生物。prefer doing .to doing，He prefers playing football to watching TV.他喜歡踢足球而不喜歡看電視。prefer to do. rather than do，He prefers to walk home rather than take a bus.比起乘公共汽車，他更

24、愿意走回家。19. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.事實上，他認為一個人有了太多的錢，他的麻煩事只會更多，而不是更少。20. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. 于是，他拿出好幾百萬元幫助其他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)科學研究。equip vi. & vt. 使(某人)具備條件；裝備，配備(1)equip sb. for

25、/to do sth.使某人具備做某事的條件，使某人能夠做某事Your training will equip you for your future job. 你的訓練使得你能夠勝任將來的工作。Your education will equip you to earn a good living. 你受的教育能夠使你能謀上好生計。(2)equipwith用裝備He equipped his bike with a head light. 他給自行車裝上了前燈。We should equip our children with a good education. 我們應讓孩子應到良好的教育。2

26、1. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.稻穗跟玉米穗一樣大，而每粒稻谷像花生米一般大。grain. 谷物；糧食；顆粒Farmers produce millions of tons of grain to feed the nation.農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)千千萬萬噸糧食供國人食用。1）短語：a grain of 一粒，<喻> 少許；一點兒a grain of rice/wheat/corn/sand/salt 一粒米/麥/谷/沙/鹽She h

27、as not a grain of humor.她一點都不幽默。2）grain作“谷物；糧食”解時，是不可數(shù)名詞，如refined grain（細糧）,coarse grain（粗糧）；作“谷粒；顆粒”解時是可數(shù)名詞，如：grains of sand 沙子。22. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. 袁博士從夢中醒來，希望能種植一種能養(yǎng)活更多的人的水稻。with /in the hope of懷著的希望I called in the

28、 hope of finding you at home. 我去看你是希望你在家的。23. Dr Yuan developed super hybrid rice to help Chinese farmers and hungry people around the world. 袁博士研發(fā)超級雜交水稻是為了幫助中國農(nóng)民好世界各地挨餓的人們。develop light industry發(fā)展輕工業(yè)develop a mine開礦develop a photograph沖洗照片He is developing into a good soldier. 他在成長為一名好戰(zhàn)士。24. Can you

29、 think of any other major development that would make a great difference to world hunger? 你能想到其他別的主要發(fā)展能對世界饑餓起重要作用么？make a difference 有影響，起(重要)作用Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause. 你的支持在我們的事業(yè)中將一定是很重要的。25. provideThey provide us with food. 他們供給我們食物。We provided food for the hung

30、ry children. 我們?yōu)轲囸I的孩子們提供食物。He has a wife and seven children to provide for. 他需要贍養(yǎng)妻子和七個孩子。provide against為.作好準備, 預防(災荒, 困難)provide for提供生活費; 養(yǎng)活，為.作準備, 防備，規(guī)定provide with 給.提供; 以.裝備26. a certain purpose 某個原因certain: 某個，某些for a certain reason為了某種理由a certain Smith某個叫史密斯的人確信的，有把握的，一定的It is certain that tw

31、o and two makes four.二加二等于四是確定無疑的。We are certain of success.我們確信會成功。He is certain to come.他一定會來的。I am certain that you'll succeed.我確信你會成功。27. in large amounts.大量地But people who burn these fuels often breathe in large amounts of smoke. 但是，人們誰這些燃料燃燒往往吸入大量的煙霧。28. because of 因為，由于I did not go to the

32、 cinema because of the intense cold.我因為嚴寒沒出去看電影。29. According to the WHOs information, about 1.8 million people across the world die each year from diseases caused by unsafe food and water.按照世界衛(wèi)生組織統(tǒng)計，全世界每年大約一千八百萬人死于因不安全食物和飲水而導致的疾病。In big cities during cold winter months, many old people die from the

33、 polluted air.在大城市里，在寒冷的冬季，許多老年人死于污染的空氣。30. Not having enough food leads to poor health and, therefore, sickness. 沒有足夠的食物引起身體不健康，所以引發(fā)疾病。Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.過量的工作和過少的休息會引起疾病。31. Over 56 percent of the people in a small Southeast Asian country are in jobs related to

34、 agriculture. 在東南亞的一個小國家里有56%多的人從事于農(nóng)業(yè)有關的工作。No doubt her death is related to politics.她的死無疑和政治有關。32. With the open conditions in todays international business world, hybrid grains can be sold and sent abroad to countries around the world. 在當今國際事務的開發(fā)條件下,雜交谷物可以被銷售到海外全世界各地的國家。They gave her a grant to st

35、udy abroad for one year.他們給予她一份助學金資助她出國學習一年。33. In the past decade, some of the farmers in the west of China have met with some success in the struggle against the expanding desert. 過去的十年里，中國西部的一些農(nóng)民在與沙漠擴大化的斗爭中取得了成功。I hope the arrangements meet with your approval.我希望這些安排會得到你的同意。When your eyes meet wi

36、th the person you like, you only smile.但當你與你喜歡的人四目交投,你只會微笑。To service the expanding markets, a new type of business was necessary. 為服務日益擴張的市場，一種新型的商業(yè)是必需的。34. Equipped with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past, 有了新的科學耕種方法，他們能夠運用必過去少的耕地，He is equipp

37、ed with much experience in teaching. 他具有豐富的教學經(jīng)驗。35. Their output of grain and other crops, however, is still the same, which makes it possible for them to use the remaining farmland for planting trees. 但是他們的谷物和其他作物的產(chǎn)量仍然一樣，這使得他們運用剩余的耕地種樹成為可能。Guests were crowded into the few remaining rooms.把客人都擠在剩余的幾

38、個房間里了。36. These and other farmers are starting to win small battles in the great war against the disturbing growth of the desert. 這些農(nóng)民還有其他農(nóng)民正開始在和沙漠無休止的增長的戰(zhàn)爭中贏得了一些小的勝利。They won the battle but lost the war.他們贏了這次戰(zhàn)斗, 但輸了這場戰(zhàn)爭.37. Its nice to help people in need of help. 幫助需要幫助的人令人愉快。The brickwork in thi

39、s house is in need of repair.這所房子的磚造部分需要修理。38. To get rid of hunger is very important for some African countries. 對一些非洲國家來說擺脫貧困是重要的。I wish I could get rid of this cold.我希望能擺脫這場感冒。39. It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.再解釋一下很重要，否則我們會使學生困惑。They asked so many question

40、s that they confused me. 他們問了許許多多問題，把我弄糊涂了。40. He wanted to experiment with scientific methods of farming. 他想試用科學的耕種方法。experiment with 試用，用做實驗Experiment with both to see which is better for your work. 用兩者來實踐一下看看哪種更有利于您的工作。41. He will keep trying out new ideas so he can help farmers around China. 他將繼續(xù)試驗新的想法來幫助中國各地的農(nóng)民。We must try out the potential of market 我們必須試探一下目標市場的潛力。42. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.很多農(nóng)民喜歡使用化肥，把化肥作物防治農(nóng)作物病蟲害和提高產(chǎn)量的重要手段。43. long-term use of t