(完整word版)初中情態(tài)動詞用法總結(jié)

1、專項(xiàng)：情態(tài)動詞一 考點(diǎn) ： 情態(tài)動詞的用法和辨析， 情態(tài)動詞表示推測和可能， 由情態(tài)動詞引導(dǎo) 的一般疑問句的回答。二 類型 ： 1 只是情態(tài)動詞： can, could, may, might, must2 可做情態(tài)動詞，可做實(shí)義動詞： need, dare3 可做情態(tài)動詞，可做助動詞： will, would, shall, should4 特殊： have to, ought to, used to三 特征 ：1 有一定的詞義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須與行為動詞和系動詞連用 構(gòu)成謂語。2 無人稱和數(shù)的變化。 （have to 除外）Eg: He has to stay here.3 后接動詞

2、原形。4 具有助動詞作用，可構(gòu)成否定，疑問或簡短回答。四 用法 ：1. can 表示能力， 能，會”。Eg : Can you play basketball? 表示懷疑，猜測，常用于否定句或疑問句。Eg :Li hua can be'int the classroom. 表示請求，允許，多用于口語，譯 “可以 ”=may.Eg: you can go now. can開頭的疑問句，肯定句，否定句用can或can' t.2. could can的過去式，表示過去的能力。Eg :I could swim when I was seven years old.could開頭的疑問句

3、，肯定和否定回答用 could, could nt如果could 表示現(xiàn)在的委婉，用 can 回答。Eg: Could I have a drink? Yes, you can.3. may 表示推測， “可能，也許 ”，用于肯定句。Eg: He may come tomorrow. 表示請求， “許可,可以”。 Eg: May I borrow your book?注：表示請求，許可時，主語為第一人稱的一般疑問句，否定回答用mustn'不可以，禁止，不許”不用may not可能不”。 表示祝愿。 Eg :May you success.4. might 表示 “可以 ”，用于過去時中

4、。Eg: He told me I might smoke in the room.用于現(xiàn)在時，表示說話更委婉，禮貌。Eg:He might be doing his lessons now.5. must表示 必須，應(yīng)該”。 表示推測，常用在肯定句中，表一定”。Eg:There is someone knocking at the door.It must be Jim. 否定句中， mustn't 表示禁止，“不允許”。 以must開頭的疑問句，肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn't,表示 “不需要，不必” =“don'thave to” .表示“偏偏”。

5、Eg: Must you play the piano at this time.6. need情態(tài)動詞：+do,用need提問或回答，肯定句回答用 must，否定句回答用 needn't. Eg: You needn'tcome to school so early. 實(shí)義動詞： +to do ,用助動詞提問和否定。 +do ing表示被動。 neednthave done表示沒必要做某事但是做了。Eg: I actually needn't have bought so much wine.7. dare情態(tài)動詞，多用于疑問句，否定句，條件句中。Eg: I m af

6、raid you dare not to do such a thing.注： I dare say 習(xí)慣說成“也許，我想” 。Eg: It will rain this afternoon, I dare say.實(shí)義動詞： dare to do ,用于肯定句中， 當(dāng)用于否定句或疑問句時， to 可以省略。 Eg: This student doesnt dare to raise any question in class.8. shall用于第一人稱表示征求意見，詢問。Eg: Shall I open the window?Shall we have lunch here?表示說話人的態(tài)

7、度， “命令，警告，允諾，威脅” 。Eg: You shall finish your homework first.用于第三人稱， 在條約， 規(guī)定，法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定， “應(yīng) 該，必須”。（不常用）9. should 表示義務(wù)，責(zé)任“應(yīng)該”。Eg:We should obey traffic laws.作為 shall 過去式，用于第一三人稱，表示征求意見。 Eg:Mr leeasked if he should get his visa. 表示“竟然”。Eg: It'sunthinkable that the boy should sing such a beautiful

8、 song. 表示說話人的特殊情感，如驚奇，憤怒，失望等。Eg: How should I know? 表示勸告，建議，“應(yīng)該”。Eg: You should listen to your teacher.10. will 用于第二人稱表示詢問， 請求，也可以表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的 “意愿”。 Eg: Will youpass me the book? 表示意愿，決定，允諾，用于各種人稱。Eg: I will try my best to help you. 表示規(guī)律性的“注定會” 。Eg: People will die without air or water.11. would 表示過去的意愿或委婉

9、詢問。Eg: Would you tell me the way to the station?12. have to“必須，不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，含有時態(tài)的變化。Eg: I 'llhave to ask Jim instead.區(qū)別： must 表示“必須，應(yīng)該“，主觀看法。13.ought to 表示職責(zé)， 義務(wù)或要求， 及人們應(yīng)該去做的正確的事或好事。 Eg:Humans ought to stop polluting nature. 比 should 語氣強(qiáng)， ought to 反映客觀情況， should 表示主觀看 法。 ought to have done本應(yīng)該做而沒有

10、做。Eg: You are late. You ought to have arrived five minutes earlier.14.used to表示“過去常常，過去是“，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，可以和過去的 時間狀語連用。否定形式： usedn't to 或 didn't use to ,疑問詞將 use提前或 Diduse to?Eg: He didn'tuse to be so careless.區(qū)別 would :帶有主觀性，并且現(xiàn)在做不做不知道。 Used to :客觀性，和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行對比，過去常常，現(xiàn)在就不怎么做了。Eg: He would phone m

11、e on Sunday.Eg: I used to be very fond of music when I was young.區(qū)別： be used to doing (情態(tài)動詞)習(xí)慣于 Used to do (情態(tài)動詞)過去是，過去常常 Be used to do (過去式) 被用來做 Eg: I am already used to noisy city life here.My parents used to live in South America.This machine is used to cut up waste paper.15.其他： had better do 最好

12、做某事 Eg: You had better stay at home.否定： had better not do be able to 與 can 表示能力時用法相同，但前者有時態(tài)的變化，有 能力成功做某事。Eg: We will be able to come back next week.專題練習(xí) ：1( ) 1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must( ) 2 They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able

13、 to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to( ) 3 -May I take this book out?-No, you_. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't( ) 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese?-No, I. A. mustn't B. c

14、an't C. needn't D. may not2( ) 1 -Hebe in the classroom, I thi nk.-No, hebe in the classroom. I saw him go home a min ute ago.A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may mustn ' t()2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?-Tha nks, but you, I've had eno ugh. A. may not

15、 B. must not C. can't D. n eed n' t()3 Eve n the top stude nts in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. n eed()4 He isn't at school. I thi nk hebe ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to()5I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do3

16、( ) 1 The childrenplay football on the road. A. can't B. can C. must n't D. must()2 Yoube late for school aga in n ext time.A. must n't B. n eed n't C. don't have to D. don't n eed to()3 -Must I do my homework at on ce?-No, you. A. n eed n't B. must n't C. can't D

17、. may not4( ) 1 His arm is all right. Hego and see the doctor.A. has not to B. don't have to C. have n't to D. does n't have to()2 He had to give up the pla n,he? A. did B. did n't C. does D. does n't()3 They had to walk here,they? A. must n't B. did C. did n't D. had n&#

18、39;t5( ) 1 He had better stay here,he? A. did n't B. don't C. had n't D. is n't()2 You'd betterlate next time. A. not to be B. not be C. wo n't be D. don't be()3 You'd betteryour haironce a mon th.A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted()4 Youask that

19、man over there. Maybe he knows the way.A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not6( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try()2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us?-Thanks,. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may()3 -I take the n ewspaper away?-No, you mustn't. Yourea