翻譯三級口譯綜合能力-21

1、翻譯三級口譯綜合能力 -21（ 總分： 100.00 ，做題時(shí)間： 90 分鐘 ）一、BPart I /B（總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）二、BA/B（ 總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 10.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)： 10.00 ）（1）.Success has something to do with leadership.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. 正確 VB. 錯(cuò)誤解析： 解析 For most of us, success and the ability to control our own fate are linked to our ability to lead. Leadership, in fac

2、t, is something that concerns everyone. A leader does not necessarily occupy a formal leadership position, for example, as the assistant secretary of state or the chief executive officer. Very often people with leadership titles are not necessarily leaders. Parents, spouses, teammates, colleagues, f

3、riends, classmates or playmates can all be leaders if they so desire. A teacher can also be as a leader as he or she is a friend. In fact, most of us spend a great deal of time trying to get other people to do willingly what we want them to do, and that, in the purest sense of the term, is what lead

4、ership is all about. Of course, we can force people to do things for a short period of time, but that is not leadership. A true leader is apt to persuade and influence other people to accept his ideas, to follow him and totake action. So, what is the essence of leadership? Basically, what is require

5、d of a true leader? It is communication. Without communication, leadership does not exist. It is impossible to get someone to do something without verbal or nonverbal communication. We rely on communication to manage and motivate. We use communication to resolve conflict and facilitate innovation as

6、 well as to negotiate. Wemay expect our leader to be frank, direct, and to the point. Wemayalso expect that our ideal leader listens, is willing to talk, is open to discussion and constructive suggestions, is receptive to new ideas, and is supportive. But, in most social interactions and economic ac

7、tivities, an ideal and recognized leader invariably emerges as the most competent communicator. 分析 詞義理解題。關(guān)于成功和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力的關(guān)系，文中說success and the ability tocontrol our own fate are linked to our ability to lead即成功和掌控我們自身命運(yùn)的能力與我們領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的能力是聯(lián)系在一起的。由此可見，成功與領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力是有關(guān)系的。因此題干的說法與原文含義相符，是 正確的。 解題關(guān)鍵 掌握同義詞替換是解題的關(guān)鍵。文中詞組 are

8、linked to 與題干中 has something to do with 意思相當(dāng)。（2）.The ability to lead is not necessary to everyone.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. 正確B. 錯(cuò)誤 V解析： 解析 語義的理解和判斷。 根據(jù)原文 Leadership ， in fact ，is something that concerns everyone 可知領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力與每個(gè)人都是有關(guān)系的。由此可見，題干說領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力并非與所有人有關(guān)是錯(cuò)誤的。因此題干 的說法與原文意思不符，是錯(cuò)誤的。 解題關(guān)鍵 掌握關(guān)鍵詞含義有助于正確解題。原文中 concern 含義

9、是“與有關(guān)系，涉及”。（3）.A leader must possess a leadership position.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. 正確B. 錯(cuò)誤 V解析： 解析 詞義理解題。 根據(jù)原文 A leader does not necessarily occupy a formal leadership position 可知，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)未必占據(jù)正式的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位。由此可見，題干認(rèn)為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)必須擁有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職位與原文意思不符，是錯(cuò) 誤的。 解題關(guān)鍵 掌握同義詞替換是解題的關(guān)鍵。原文 occupy 與題干中 possess 意思相同。（4）.Teammates and classmates should

10、 not be considered as leaders.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 ）A. 正確B. 錯(cuò)誤 V解析： 解析 特定信息的找尋和判斷。 根據(jù)原文 Parents ，spouses ，teammates ，colleagues ，friends ， classmates or playmates can all be leaders if they so desire 可知，父母、配偶、隊(duì)友、同事、朋 友、同學(xué)或玩伴們都可以是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，如果他們愿意的話。由此可見題干說隊(duì)友和同學(xué)不應(yīng)被視為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)與原文 意思不符，是錯(cuò)誤的。 解題關(guān)鍵 根據(jù)題干中關(guān)鍵詞正確定位到原文相關(guān)信息處。(5) .Getti

11、ng other people to do willingly what we want them to do is the true meaning of leadership. (分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 )A. 正確 VB. 錯(cuò)誤解析： 解析 語義的理解和判斷。 根據(jù)原文 In fact ， most of us spend a great deal of time trying to get other people to do willingly what we want them to do ， and that ， in the purest sense of the term ， is

12、 what leadership is all about可知，我們很多人花大量時(shí)間去使他人心甘情愿做我們希望他們做的事， 實(shí)際上這一點(diǎn)就是最真切的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)意義。 由此可見， 題干的說法與原文意思相符， 是正確的。 解題關(guān)鍵 1) 掌握同義詞替換，原文中 the purest sense 與題干中 the true meaning 意思相同； 2) 掌握 代詞的指代關(guān)系，只有了解文中 that 的指代關(guān)系才能正確解題，這里 that 指其前面一句話的內(nèi)容，即使 他人心甘情愿做我們希望他們做的事。(6) .Sometimes we may force people to do things, and

13、 that is also a kind of leadership. (分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 )A. 正確B. 錯(cuò)誤 V解析： 解析 語義的理解和判斷。 根據(jù)原文 we can force people to do things for a short period of time ， but that is not leadership 可知，我們雖然可以暫時(shí)強(qiáng)迫別人行事，但那并非領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。由此可見， 題干的說法與原文意思不符，是錯(cuò)誤的。 解題關(guān)鍵 注意相關(guān)信息處連詞的使用，原文使用 but 確定了 前后內(nèi)容的對立，而題干中 and 則表明前后內(nèi)容的承接。(7) .The most importa

14、nt element of leadership is communication. (分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 )A. 正確 VB. 錯(cuò)誤解析： 解析 詞義理解題。 根據(jù)原文的問答部分 So，what is the essence of leadership? Basically ， what is required of a true leader? It is communication 可知，交流是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能的本質(zhì)，是真正的領(lǐng) 導(dǎo)不可缺少的素質(zhì)。由此可見，題干認(rèn)為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)最重要的要素是交流與原文意思相符，是正確的。 解題關(guān) 鍵 掌握同義詞替換。原文 the essence 與題干中 the most

15、 important element 意思相符。(8) .An ideal leader should be a good listener. (分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 )A. 正確 VB. 錯(cuò)誤解析：解析語義的理解和判斷。根據(jù)原文 We may also expect that our ideal leader listens可知我們還可能期望理想完美領(lǐng)導(dǎo)會傾聽，由此可見，題干的說法與原文意思相符，是正確的。解題關(guān)鍵 正確掌握關(guān)鍵詞的內(nèi)涵是解題關(guān)鍵。 原文中 expect 意思是“期待， 指望”，體現(xiàn)了人們對理想完美領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的 要求，與題干中 should 意思相吻合。(9) .A good lead

16、er should be ready to accept others' ideas.(分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 )A. 正確 VB. 錯(cuò)誤解析： 解析 詞義理解題。 根據(jù)原文 We may also expect that our ideal leader is receptiveto new ideas 可知，我們期望理想完美的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)善于接受新思想。由此可見，題干的說法與原文意思相當(dāng)， 是正確的。 解題關(guān)鍵 掌握同義詞替換是解題關(guān)鍵。原文中 is receptive to 意思是“善于接受” 與題干中 be ready to accept 意思相符。(10) .Ideal leaders a

17、re those who are most capable of communicating.(分?jǐn)?shù)： 1.00 )A. 正確 VB. 錯(cuò)誤解析：解析詞義理解題。 根據(jù)原文an ideal and recognized leader invariably emerges as the most competent communicator可知，理想的、大眾公認(rèn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一般是最擅長交流的人。解題關(guān)鍵掌握同義詞替換是解題關(guān)鍵，原文中 competent與題干中capable意思相當(dāng)。三、BB/B（總題數(shù)：2,分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00）.How does Walter get along w

18、ith his new business?« a. He has failed in business again.« b. His new company is doing rather well.« c. He hopes to succeed in business.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）A.B. VC.解析：解析After meeting with several failures, Walter is not unsuccessful with his newbusiness.（2）.What did the chairman do at the meet

19、ing?* a. He asked the board to prepare a development plan.* b. He wanted the board to discuss the outline.« c. He described what the company would do in the years to come.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）A.B.C. V解析：解析At the meeting the board chairman of the car company outlined the development strategy for the next d

20、ecade.（3）.Which of the following is true about the quiz?* a. It will be given at a later time.« b. It won't be ready until Friday.* c. It will be short and easy.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）A. VB.C.解析：解析Since Professor Smith cannot come on Friday, the quiz will be postponed until nextweek's class.（4）.What

21、 am I going to do?* a. To cut my jeans short,* b. To go on a diet.* c. To wear clothes that fit more tightly.（分?jǐn)?shù)：1.00 ）A.C.解析：解析I'm having trouble fitting into my jeans. It looks like I'll have to cut down whatI eat.（5）.What can we infer from this statement?« a. Lisa is often late for m

22、eetings.« b. Lisa's flight was delayed.« c. Lisa often attends business meetings.（分?jǐn)?shù):1.00 ）A.B.C. V解析：解析Lisa is out of the office again, another business meeting. She will be flying toParis tomorrow.（分?jǐn)?shù)：5.00 ）（".According to the speaker, what changes will take place about personal

23、 computers?«a. The prices of personal computers will decrease.«b. The prices of personal computers will increase.« c. There won't be too much fluctuation in prices.（分?jǐn)?shù):1.00 ）A. VB.C.解析：解析As the technology of electronics improves, the prices of personal computers shouldcome down.（2

24、）.Which of the following is true about Mona?« a. Mona hasn't worked hard at the post of manager.* b. The manager's job Mona has been given is hard work.« c. Mona hasn't worked for very long, but has been given the manager's job.（分?jǐn)?shù):1.00 ）A.B.C. V解析：解析Monahas been offered th

25、e manager's job, although she has hardly any work experience.（3）.Why did she oppose the investment plan?* a. Because she thought that the plan was impractical.* b. Because she thought that the plan was risky.* c. Because she had her own investment proposal.（分?jǐn)?shù):1.00 ）A.B. VC.解析：解析She voted agains

26、t the investment plan, because she thinks it involves too great a risk.（4）.How can this statement be interpreted? a. The tenants absolutely must pay rent at the beginning of the month. b. The landlord might fail to collect your rent on the first of next month.«c. You should call the landlord ab

27、out rent on the first of the month.（分?jǐn)?shù):1.00 ）A. VB.C.解析：解析The landlord collects rent on the first of the month without fail.（5）.What does the speaker probably say next?« a. We can have that table.« b. Food is already being served at that table. c. We'll have to sit elsewhere.（分?jǐn)?shù):1.00 ）

28、A.B.C. V解析：解析We'd like to have the table by the window, but that table has been reserved.四、BPart n /B（總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）五、BPassage 1/B（ 總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00 ）（1）.How long has the Nobel Prize in Literature existed?«a. 28 years. b. 80 years.«c. 82 years. d. 102 years.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00 ）A.B.C. VD.

29、解析：解析For the last 82 years, Sweden's Nobel Academy has decided who will receive the Nobel Prize in Literature, thereby determining who will be elevated from the great and the near greatto the immortal. But today the Academy is coming under heavy criticism both from the without and from within. C

30、ritics contend that the selection of the winners often has less to do with true writing ability than with the peculiar internal politics of the Academy and of Sweden itself.According to Ingmar Bjorksten, the cultural editor for one of the country's two major newspapers, the prize continues to re

31、present "what people call a very Swedish exercise: reflecting Swedish tastes." The Academy has defended itself against such charges of provincialism in its selectionby asserting that its physical distance from the great literary capitals of the world actuallyserves to protect the Academy f

32、rom outside influences. This may well be lame, but critics respond that this very distance may also be responsible for the Academy's inability to perceive accurately authentic trends in the literary world. Regardless of concerns over the selection process, however, it seems that the prize will c

33、ontinue to survive both as an indicator of the literature that we most highly praise, and as an elusive goal that writers seek. If for no other reason, the prize will continue to be desirable for the financial rewards that accompany it; not only is the cash prize itself considerable, but it also dra

34、matically increases sales of an author's books.(2) .For which of the following reasons is Sweden's Nobel Academy coming under heavy criticism now?« a. The Academy's selection of the winners has less to do with true writing ability than with other things.«b. The Academy only sel

35、ects certain types of writers as the winners.«c. The Academy hasn't modified any of the standards of selection as time progresses.« d. The Academy has selected too many English language writers as the winners.(分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )A. VB.C.D.解析：(3) .What has the Academy asserted to defend itself ag

36、ainst such criticism?« a. It has taken into consideration the opinions and suggestions from various parts ofthe world.* b. Its physical distance from the world's literary capitals serves to protect itself from outside influence.* c. No politics, whether international or regional, has ever i

37、nterfered with its process of selection.* d. Its only standard of selection is true writing ability.(分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )A.B. VC.D.解析：(4) .What led critics to think that the Academycould not know real trends in the literary world?* a. The Academy's peculiar internal politics.* b. The academy's provinci

38、alism in its selection.* c. The academy's Swedish tastes.* d. The academy's physical distance from the great literary capitals of the world.(分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 )A.B.C.D. V解析：（5）.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the prize? a. It will still exist as an indicator of the literature that

39、we highly praise. b. It will remain an elusive goal that writers seek.« c. It will gradually lose its prestigious status as the world's highest literary prize.« d. It will continue to be desirable for the financial rewards that accompany it.（分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 ）A.B.C. VD.解析：六、BPassage 2/B（總題數(shù)：1，分

40、數(shù):10.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00 ）（1）.What kind ofpeople were early colonial newspapers designed for?* A.Business people .« B.Elite .* Cmmigrants .« D.People in the cities .（分?jǐn)?shù):2.00 ）A.B. VC.D.解析：解析The history of American newspapers has paralleled the history of our cultur . As Our society has changed ,

41、so have its newspapers . Early colonial newspapers were designed for the elite-those 、who were interested in political and business information. With the advent ofnewtechnology,compulsory education and the major cultural changes brought on by industrialization and urbanization , newspapers movedinto

42、 the popular culture with the advent of the penny press . The significant changes in our society as the United States was transformed into a truly industrial nation between the end of the Civil War and the turn of the 20th century brought about many changes in American journalism , including the era

43、 of sensationalism , or yellow joumalism . Twentleth-entury newspapers, for the most part , have attempted to blend objectivity and social responsibility. Thisera also has seen the development of electronic news media, interpre- tative reporting,investigative reporting,advocacy joumalism ，“new journ

44、alism ” and specialized newspapers. Wire services play an important role in gathering news and infomlation for the mass media. The towlargest American wire services are the Associated Press and United Press Intemational . The other dominant worldwide news sources are AFP,Reuters and Tass, headquarte

45、red in Paris , London and Moscow, respectively . Individual biases and other problems play a role in making mass communication a com- plex activity . Although the various functions of the media-to inform, entertain ,influence . advertise and transmit culture-are criticized, the most severely critici

46、zed is thefunction to intbrm . Reasons for this are that people（1）tend to blame the messenger for unpleasantinformation , (2)fail to understand the watchdog function of the media, (3)believe the myth that the mass media dwell only on bad news and(4)bring their own biases into the informa- tion-shari

47、ng process .分析細(xì)節(jié)信息。題干：最初殖民時(shí)期的報(bào)紙是為誰設(shè)計(jì)的？根據(jù)原文“ Early colonialnewspapers were designed for the elite ”，所以選 B 項(xiàng) elite 。 C選項(xiàng)是 "移民”。(2) .Which ofthe following did NOT contribute to the popularization ofnewspapers?« A.New technology and compulsory education .«Bn dustrialiZation.«C.Popula

48、tion growth. D.Urbanization .(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00 )A.B.C. VD.解析：解析是非判斷。題干：下列哪一項(xiàng)沒有促進(jìn)報(bào)紙的大眾化？根據(jù)原文“ With the advent of newtechnology , compulsory education and the major cultural changes brought on by industrialization and urbanization , newspapers moved into the popular culture with the advent of the penny press .

49、 ”， 譯文為：伴隨工業(yè)化和城市化而來的新技術(shù)、義務(wù)教育和主要文化變革，還有廉價(jià)的印刷費(fèi)使得報(bào)紙成了大眾的文化。所以應(yīng)當(dāng)排除C選項(xiàng)“人口增長”。(3) .When was the United States transformed into a truly industrial country?« An the twentieth century . B.At the tum ofthe last century.« C.DuringtheCivilWar . D.Between the end ofthe Civil War and the turn ofthe 20th

50、 century.(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00 )A.B.C.D. V解析：解析細(xì)節(jié)信息。題干：美國什么時(shí)候轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)真正的工業(yè)國家？根據(jù)原文“as the UnitedStates was transformed into a truly industrial nation between the end of the Civil War and theturn of the 20th century "，所以選 D。(4) .Which ofthe following are the two largest American wire services?* A.Associated Pres

51、s and United Press International* B.AFP and United Press International* C.Associated Press and Reuters* D.AFP and Associated Press(分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00 )A. VB.C.D.解析：解析細(xì)節(jié)信息。題干：下列哪兩個(gè)是美國最大的新聞機(jī)構(gòu)？根據(jù)原文“ The two largest Ameri -can wire services are the Associated Press and United Press International.”，所以選 A。（5）.Accord

52、ing to the passage , which of the following is the most severely criticized functionof the mass media? A.The function to influence . B.The watchdog function .« C.The function to advertise .« D.The function to inform .（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00 ）A.B.C.D. V解析：解析細(xì)節(jié)信息。題干：根據(jù)文章，大眾傳媒的哪項(xiàng)功能最受抨擊？根據(jù)原文“the most severel

53、ycriticized is the function to inform"，所以選 D。七、BPassage 3/B（總題數(shù)：1，分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00 ）（1）.When is an ordinary tropical storm called a hurricane? A.When it begins in the Atlantic and Caribbean seas.« B.When it hits the coastline. C.When it iS more than 75 miles wide.« D.When its winds

54、reach 75 miles per hour.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00 ）A.B.C.D. V解析：解析In the second half of each year，many powerful storms are born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean seas . Of these ， only about a half a dozen generate the strong， circling windsof 75 miles per hour or more that give them hurricane status ，and sever

55、al usually make their way to the coast . There they cause millions of dollars of damage， and bring death to large numbersof people . The great storms that hit the coast start as innocent circling disturbances hundreds even thousands of miles out to sea . As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by

56、 the summer sun，they are carried westward by the trade winds. When conditions are just right ， warm， moistair flows in at the bottom of such a disturbance，moves upward through it and comes out at thetop . In the process ，the moisture in this warm air produces rain，and with it the heat that isconvert

57、ed to energy in the form of strong winds . As the heat increases ，the young hurricane begins to swirl in a counter-clockwise motion . Water，not wind，is the main source of death and destruction in a hurricane . A typical hurricane brings 6-to 12-inch downpours resulting in sudden floods . Worst ofall is the powerful movement of the sea the mountains of water moving toward the low-pressure hurricane center The water level rises as much as 15 feet ahove normal as it moves toward shore分析細(xì)節(jié)信息。題干：一種普通的熱帶風(fēng)暴在何時(shí)被稱為颶風(fēng) ？根據(jù)原文“- circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that give the