初一介詞詳解及練習(xí)題

1、初一介詞講解及練習(xí)介詞：介詞是虛詞，不能獨(dú)立充當(dāng)句子成分介詞短語(yǔ)能夠充當(dāng)句子成分介詞短語(yǔ) = 介詞+介詞賓語(yǔ)（名詞、賓格代詞、動(dòng)名詞等充當(dāng)）根據(jù)詞形，介詞分為三類：1簡(jiǎn)單介詞：in, on, from, at, for合成介詞：upon, into, onto, inside, without成語(yǔ)介詞：由兩個(gè)以上單詞合成。in front of, in the middle of, on top of一、 常用固定搭配的介詞短語(yǔ)形式1. 動(dòng)詞 + 介詞 look like; look at; talk to; think of 2. be + 形容詞 + 介詞 be surprised at;

2、 be afraid of3. be + 名詞 + 介詞 be mad at sb; the key to; the way to 4. 介詞 + 名詞 at work; at home; at school; at last; on the farm5. 介詞 + 名詞 + 介詞 in front of; at the age of; at the end of6. 介詞 + 動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ) after leaving school; after finishing it7. 介詞 + 代詞 for her; from each other; after him8. 其他詞 + 介詞 inste

3、ad of; because of; according to舉例：1. She looks like her mother.2. Your coat looks very nice. Whats it made of?3. Would you please show me the way to the bank?4. My father is working at the office.5. Dont stand in front of the car. Its too dangerous.6. Please tide your schoolbag before leaving school

4、.7. It is dangerous for her to swim along.8. What a nice day! We should go sightseeing instead of watching TV in the hotel.常用介詞用法：in 的用法：1. in on at 的用法區(qū)別：in表示一日中上午、下午、晚上或周、月、季、年on表示日、周日或特定某日中的一段時(shí)間at表示點(diǎn)鐘，一日中的黎明、中午、黃昏、半夜等in the evening, in the week, in August, in spring, in 2013, in three dayson Mond

5、ay, on May the first, on a rainy day, on July 10, 2013at five, at night, 2. in into inside的用法區(qū)別； He spent about 21 hours in space. China sent a man into space. Yang Liwei was inside. in 的用法比較多，在這里只講這三個(gè)有共同的意識(shí)：在.里的區(qū)別 in 在上面句子里是介詞，表示在.里 into 強(qiáng)調(diào)由外及內(nèi)的過(guò)程，而in不強(qiáng)調(diào) inside 在.里面，有名詞，介詞，形容詞，副詞用法，在上面句子里是名詞，而in 不能

6、表示這種意識(shí)3. in與 after的用法區(qū)別； We went there in six days. (過(guò)去時(shí)中in表.時(shí)間內(nèi))We went there after six days. (過(guò)去時(shí)中after表.時(shí)間后)We often do our homework after school. (固定詞組, after class; after supper等)After finishing his homework, he went to bed. ( after+動(dòng)名詞)He will come in two days. (將來(lái)時(shí)中in表.時(shí)間后)He will come within

7、 two days. (將來(lái)時(shí)within表.時(shí)間內(nèi)) My mother often goes to work after 8 oclock. (現(xiàn)在時(shí)中after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)表.時(shí)間后)4. in ,on 在上on 表示兩個(gè)物體的接觸，但不表深度，如墻上的黑板、地圖、圖畫in 表示在上必須具有某種深度，如墻上的門、窗、洞等on 打在某人的頭上、腿上、鼻子上等in 打在某人的（臉上、腹部等）on the tree 樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出的東西in the tree 用來(lái)指外界的人、動(dòng)物在樹(shù)上5. in with 的用法：in 后所用的材料 in ink; in pencil; Dont write a let

8、ter in pencil.with 后加所用的工具 He does his homework with a pencil.6. in dress wear The girl in the hat is my friend. (in或be in表狀態(tài))She had on a red dress. (have on表狀態(tài))He often wears a sweater. (wear表狀態(tài))Here is a coat for you. Youd better put it on. (put on表動(dòng)作)She got up and dressed herself quickly. (dres

9、s sb或dress oneself既表動(dòng)作又表狀態(tài))7. in time 和on time 的區(qū)別We were just in time for the bus. 及時(shí)The train arrived on time. 準(zhǔn)時(shí)8. in bed, on the bed的區(qū)別He is ill. He is in bed all day. 臥床，睡覺(jué)A nice box is on the bed. 床上躺著休息或某物在床上9. in on to 的區(qū)別China is in the east of the world.(in表示在某一地區(qū)之內(nèi)的某方位)Korea is on the eas

10、t of China. (on表示與某地相鄰)Japan is to the east of China. (to表示在某一地區(qū)之外的某方位).Taiwan is in the south of China.（臺(tái)灣和大陸雖然以海相隔，但是我國(guó)的一個(gè)省，要用in）10. in the street 和 on the street的用法表示“在街上”時(shí)，英國(guó)常用前者，美國(guó)常用后者11. in hospital in the hospitalShe is in hospital. 在住院She is in the hospital. 在醫(yī)院工作12. in school 在學(xué)習(xí) at school

11、在學(xué)校；在上課其他詞組：keep in mind 牢記be in contact with和聯(lián)系with的用法：用工具write with a pencut with knifefill withsee with our eyes表示伴隨狀態(tài)with a word with a smilebring sth with sbtake sth with sb固定搭配：with the help ofbe busy with重點(diǎn)句：After the final exam, Peter, with her parents, is going to travel to Canada instead o

12、f staying at home all the time.by 的用法：by 表示“到之前”by seven oclock by now by the end of last yearby yesterday by thenBy tomorrow, Ill have the outstanding (出售) five percent.到了明天，我將得到未出售的百分之五。by表示“乘交通工具，用方式或方法”by bus by heart by sea by trainby car by ship by boat by airby oneself by the wayon, by 用法：on

13、a bike; on與the, ones, 或a這類限定詞連用by bike; by train不加限定詞by, beside, near, beyond的用法區(qū)別：by 靠近， 在近旁beside 在旁邊， 其距離遠(yuǎn)于“by”near 在附近，距離遠(yuǎn)于beside，而且范圍大beyond 在以外練習(xí)一：用by, beside, near, beyond填空1. The little girl is sitting _ her mother.2. There is a white car _ our school.3. Many shops are _ our home.4. _ our ci

14、ty there is a river. 練習(xí)二：1. The post office is _ the police station and the library.A. between B. among C. in2. The old woman lives _ a small village. It is _ two hills.A. in, among B. at, among C. at, between D. in, between3. I cant finish my work _ your help.A. with B. without C. in4. Thank you _

15、_ me to have dinner.A. for invite B. of invite C. for inviting5. He would like to walk _ the jungle (叢林) on vacation.A. across B. cross C. through6. Its dangerous to go _ the street now.A. across B. cross C. through7. The young man walked _ the forest and came to a big river at last.A. across B. cro

16、ss C. through8. Why are you standing, Alice? -I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me.A. behind B. next to C. in front of9. If you do things _, usually you cant do them well.A. in a hurry B. from now on C. just now10. She had to sell the house even though it was _ her own w

17、ishes.A. above B. against C. for11. What a nice day! We should go sightseeing _ watching TV in the hotel.A. because of B. instead of C. together with12. Your coat looks very nice. Whats it made _?- Cotton, and it is made _ Wuhan.A. from, in B. of, in C. from, on13. -When and where you born?-I was bo

18、rn _ October 1st, 1998 _ Suzhou.A. on, on B. in, in C. on, in14. I really cant see anything. His head is _ of my view.A. on the way B. by the way C. in the way15. There will be many robots _ peoples homes _ ten years.A. in, / B. in, in C. in, after16. All the workers went home yesterday _ Mr White. Why?-Because he was on duty.A. except B. besides C. except for17. Its very kind _ them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me home.A. for B. to C. of18. A UFO landed _ the Center Street.A. at B. on C. in19. _ the Spring Festival, the heavy sn