新概念第三冊第20課

1、最新資料推薦新概念第三冊第20課New words and expression 生詞和短語 pioneer n. 先百區(qū) vi.vt. 開拓,為開路,作先驅(qū)者young pioneer 少先隊員the pioneer of the Womens Liberation Movement 婦女解放運動的先驅(qū) a pioneer of operation手術(shù)的開創(chuàng)者 -eer: volunteer 志愿者;engineer 工程師；mountaineer登山者；auctioneer拍賣人； 競爭者profiteer暴利獲得者,奸商；lord n. 對英國貴族的尊稱；勛爵lordship n.貴族權(quán)

2、力,貴族身份lordly adj.adv.傲慢的,貴族般地,有氣派地my lord 閣下對某些貴族、法官及 主教的尊稱the Lord 上帝 the House of Lords 上議院；the House of Commons議院live like a lord 過著貴族般的生活；10rd of creation 萬物之靈；人類；treat sb. like a lord闊綽地款待某人 Duke n.公爵Duchess Marquis n.英國等的侯爵 Marchioness Count 伯爵CountessEarl n. 英伯爵Viscount n.英國的子爵Baron n.男爵英國世襲的

3、最低級的貴族爵位, 大財主女性為：Baroness Calais n. 加來法國港市overland adj. 陸 上的；橫跨陸地的；an overland route陸上路線 to traveloverland 作陸上旅行overnight n.頭天晚上adj.通宵的,晚上的,前夜的adv.在前一夜,整夜,昨晚一晚上 an overnight trip 一整夜 的旅行 an overnight guest 過夜的客人1 / 15overpopulated adj. 人口過密的, 人口過剩的 overseas adv. 海 外adj. 外國的,海外的oversea student 海外留學生

4、oversea Chinese華僑over+動詞(over表示超過)overeat vt.使吃過量vi.吃得過多oversleep vt.(使)睡過頭vi.睡過頭,睡得太久overwork n. 過度工作 v.( 使)工作過度 overcharge v. 討價過高, 使過量裝填,過度充電n.超載,過重的負擔,過度充電 overestimate vt. 評價過高n.估計的過高 pilot n. 飛行員,領(lǐng) 航員,引水員engine n.發(fā)動機,機車,火車頭Calais 加來(法國北部港市)latest adj.最后的,最遲的,最新的,最近的n.最新消息,最新式樣last vi. 持續(xù),支持,維持

5、Dover n.多佛(英國東南部的港口)Text課文In 1908 Lord Northcliffeoffered a prize of 1,000 to the first man who would fly acrossthe English Channel. (1) offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth.offer a prize of for sth 由于提供獎勵 Eg. The police offereda reward for any information. offer ones hand to sb. (=shakehands with sb.)

6、offer identity card 出示身份證 offer a price ($ 300 )for sth. (the horse) 出價 award a prize提供獎勵The school awarded Merry a prize for her good work .學校由于她工作好而獎勵了梅麗.(2) fly across 飛越 sail across 橫渡 swim across 游過 come across 通過 遇上 碰至U eg. I came across a group of children playing.我碰到一群正在玩耍的小孩.最新資料推薦Wed like

7、to identify 認同and celebrate women s success whenever we come across it.每當女性取得成功,我們都會表示認同并予以頌揚.When sober adj. 頭腦清醒的,沒喝 醉 的he can come across給人印象as an extremely pleasant and charming young man.沒喝醉的時候,他看上去似乎是個極為彬彬有禮、討人喜歡的小伙子.Over a year passed before the first attempt was made. 1 before作為連詞的用法：其根本含義是在

8、之前,也可以根據(jù)語境的不同靈活譯成才、還 沒來得及就、就等等含義.作為連詞的用法：其根本含義是在之前,也可以根據(jù)語境的不同靈活譯成才、還 沒來得及就、就等等含義.1 與情態(tài)動詞can / could連用,這時從句雖為肯定形式,根 據(jù)漢語習慣譯成還沒來得及就,強調(diào)從句動作發(fā)生之前主句的動作已 經(jīng)發(fā)生.Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. Before she cold move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar. 2用于肯定句中強調(diào)主句所表達的時間、距離長,或

9、花費的精 力多,譯成才； We had sailed four days and four nights before3 / 15 we saw lands. We waited a long time before the train arrived.3)用于否認句中,強調(diào)主句所表達的時間、距離短,或花費的精力少, 譯成不至11就； We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 4)主句含有hardly、scarcely 等半否認詞時,可以譯成剛就,這時主句 過去完成時,從句過去時,且可以用 when替代before; We had hardly / s

10、carcely reached the school before / whenthe bell rang. 5)有時 before 還有寧愿的意思；Id shoot myself before Iapologized to him. 6) 用于 It be / take some time before 十 句 子,這時要根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)分兩種情況：(1) 假設主句為一般將來時,從句是一般現(xiàn)在時.主句是肯定句譯成要過很多時間才；主句是否認句譯成用不了多 久就.It will be many years before the situation improves; Itwont be long

11、before we meet again. (2)假設主句是一般過去時,從句也是一般過去時.主句是肯定句譯成很長時間之后才；主句是否認句譯成沒過多久 就.It was sometime before I realized the truth. It wasnt long before she became a brave soldier. After that it still took seven years before they got married. 注：主句的謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞時,before與until可以互換.It was an hour before / until the

12、 police arrived. 7 最新資料推薦其他相似句型的區(qū)別：(1)it+ be + 時間段 + since 從句 It is two years since wearrived here. (2) it + be + 時間段 + when 從句：表示某個動作發(fā)生時,是某個時間(主句謂語動詞可以是一般過 去時,也可以是一般將來時)It was Dec. 18th when I was born.8) before long 和 long before的區(qū)另 U:before long: 不久,很快 (before 為 prep, long 為 n.) 在 句中常作狀語,多與動詞的過去時

13、或?qū)頃r連用.The work will be finished before long. long before: 彳艮 久以前 (long為adv.)可以單獨使用,這時 before 為prep.; 也可以接從句,這時為conj.,常與過去時或過去完成時連用,后接 從句時也可用于一般現(xiàn)在時.She said that she had heard of it long before. It will be long before he arrives.還要很久他才能至上(2) attempt 的用法：attempt vt. 企圖,試圖；努力,嘗試； attempt sth. I did at

14、tempt the last question in the exam. He has attempted a difficult task. attempt to do sth. He attempted to lie. Heattempted to leave but was stopped. attempt doing sth.(不如to do 常見) He attempted swimming across the river. attempted adj.(犯罪)未遂的 attempted murder / rape( 強奸)5 / 15/ robbery attempt. n.企圖

15、； 嘗試 make an / no attempt to doHe make no attempt to carry it out. I failed in my attempt tofinish it in time. attempt at sth. He makean attempt at winning the first prize. My first attempt at English composition waspoor. attempt on / upon sbs life 企圖刺殺 He made an attempton the life of the President

16、. On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning, Hubert Latham took off from the French coast inhis plane the"Antoinette IV ' . 1. at dawn ; at daybreak ; at midnight; at the crack of dawn 2. take off Eg. Ladies and gentlemen, our plane is to take off soon. take years off sb.看上去年輕 Her slimming c

17、ourse減月巴課seems to take yearsoff her . put years on sb.看上去年老Her broken marriageput years on her. 3off 離開動身 draw off 撤離withdraw lift off 火箭、飛船等起飛,發(fā)射, 升空 set off 出發(fā) Nichols set off for his remote farmhouse.動身去他的偏遠的農(nóng)舍.kick off 在足球比賽中開球 Liverpool kicked off an hour ago. fly off飛出,飛跑,忽然跑掉Thearrow flew off

18、 and hit the bull ' s eye.箭離弦飛去,射中了那靶心.4take off 產(chǎn)品 活動 事業(yè)騰飛 In 1944, he metEdith Piaf, and his career took off. 1944年,他結(jié)識了伊最新資料推薦迪思比阿夫,從此他的事業(yè)開始騰飛.(5)coast 海 岸Pacific coast 太平 洋海岸seashore, seaside 海濱beach海灘沙灘marine nature reserve海洋自然保護區(qū) He had travelled onlyseven miles across the Channel when his

19、 engine failed and he was forced to land on the sea. (1)when:這里可以換成 before,譯成就,且這里有忽然、忽 然之意.Eg. We were sitting in the garden when it began to rain.I had been working a couple of years there when I had a letter from him. I was about to leave the room whenthe telephone rang. fail:失敗,壞了,失靈(broken , st

20、op working) Eg.Words failed me when I met my long lost sister. fail to see不明白 I fail to see why you find it so amusing. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.但是這些人無視了國際旅游可能會給當?shù)丨h(huán)境和歷史造成災難性的影響.(3) be forc

21、ed to do 被迫做某事 make a forced landing (航 空)緊急降落force a smile勉強一笑force sbs hand 不得不,被迫 eg. We didnt want to raise our prices, but the fall in the dollar forced our hand.我們不想抬高物價,但是美元7 / 15下跌,我們不得不出此下策The iAntoinette ' floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship. 1 float漂浮 float on ai

22、r 興高采烈float on cloud興高采烈 float across the sky飄過天空 floatdown the river J順流直下 float around town滿城流傳 fluctuatev.價格波動 fluctuatewildly 大幅波動 driftto moveslowlyon water or in the air 漂流,漂移 The raft was drifting down the river. drifter漂泊者 流浪漢2pick up文中解釋為營救rescue 收拾,收撿 Eg. If you fail now, whowill pick up t

23、he pieces?你現(xiàn)在要是失敗了,誰來收拾殘局？跌倒或被擊倒后使自己慢慢站起或爬起Eg. Pick yourself upwhere you fall down. pick up after sb.: to tidy things that someone else has left untidy 跟在某人后面收拾 Eg. Who wants to get married and spend their life time picking up after some man?通常指開車接載,取走 Eg. We drove to the airport the next morning to

24、 pick up Susan.我們第二天早晨開車去機場接蘇姍.逮捕；拘捕 Eg. If someoneis picked up by the police, they are arrested and taken to a police station.不費力地獲得,學會 Eg. The English settlers had become adept at熟練于,擅長于 planting tobacco after picking up thetrade from their Powhatan allies盟友來自英國的殖 最新資料推薦民者從他們的波瓦坦伙伴那里學到了種植煙草的手藝,并且已

25、經(jīng)擅長這一行了.得病,染上疾病Theyve picked up a really nasty嚴重的 infection傳染病from something they ' ve eaten.他們因吃錯東西而得了很嚴重的感染癥.接收到信號或聲音We can pick up Italian television.我們能收看到意大利電視臺的節(jié)目.重提,接過觀點 或話題Can I just pick up thatgentleman ' s point?我能接著那位先生的意思往下說嗎？貿(mào)易或經(jīng)濟改善或好轉(zhuǎn)Industrial production isbeginning to pick u

26、p.工業(yè)生產(chǎn)開始好轉(zhuǎn).健康的好轉(zhuǎn)A good dose 劑量,一劑of tonic 補藥will help you to pick up.一劑好的補品將有助于身體康復.指出錯誤Dori t pick me up on words.不要挑我的措詞.Two days later, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called 'No.11' . with要譯成駕駛,而不能說帶著 With 的復合結(jié)構(gòu)L6 Eg. Now he could walk only with someone supporting him.他現(xiàn)在只

27、能靠別人攙扶著才能走了.She ran with beads of sweat running down her face.她跑9 / 15得滿頭大汗.Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model. A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered 26 miles. cover:覆蓋；涉及；包含；掩護；行走了；看完 cover a lot of ground 到 了很多地方,涉

28、及了很多內(nèi)容 Eg. The expedition covered a lot of ground.探險隊到過很多地方. We ' ve covereda lot of ground at this morning ' s meeting. 在今天上午的 會議中我們討論了很多問題.覆蓋(面積) Eg. China covers 9.6 million square kilometers. (to report the details of sth. for a newspaper, radio or television.)報道新聞報道新聞eg. cover the Winte

29、r Olympics (to pay moneyfor) cover the bill 買單 Eg. Here is $5, that should cover all the expenses.Howmanypages have you covered ? Latham, however did not give up easily. He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new iAntoinette ' . give up 放棄 give away Don ' t give away the secret.

30、這項機密不可泄露.We have six copies of the book to give away.這本書我們要贈送6本出去.公開give out There were people at the entrance giving out leaflets.有人在入口處散發(fā)傳單.He wouldn' t give out any information.最新資料推薦不愿透露任何消息.All machines give out eventually.最終,所有的機器都停止了運轉(zhuǎn).He gave out a scream of pain.他疼得大叫了i聲°give off 發(fā)

31、出 The flowers give off a heady scent at night.這些花晚上散發(fā)出醉人的芳香.heady 酒等易使人醉的scent 香味give in屈服,投降 It looked as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel.看來會有一場劇烈的飛越英吉利海峽的競爭.as if = as though 好似,似乎,進行非事實的比喻或夸張時, 引導的從句常運用虛擬語氣.好似,似乎,進行非事實的比喻或夸張時,引導的從句常運用虛 擬語氣.Eg. He works very hard as if he nev

32、er intended to sleep a wink.合眼 Those flowers looked as if they were asleep in the hot sun. He talks as if he were a hero. 但是當 as if / though 引導的從句表示一種實現(xiàn)可能性較大,或說話人認為接近事實時,可采用陳述語氣.引導的從句表示一種實現(xiàn)可能性較大,或說話人認為接近事實時, 可采用陳述語氣.11 / 15Eg. It looks as if the little twins are going to have anotherfight with each

33、other.原句可改寫為：It seemed / appeared to be an exciting race It promised to be an exciting race 句型：It appears to be / it appears that 看起來似乎、好似 Eg. It appears to be only a matter of time before they were caught.It appears to be genuine, but I have my suspicions about it.It appears that Tom might change h

34、is mind. promise v.有的可能,有發(fā)生的跡象(習慣表達一個好的征兆；兇兆常用threaten) Eg.It promises to be a fine day.(=The clear sky promises fine weather.) Autumn crops promised to be equally good. There is a sign of sth. that 有跡象說明 Eg. There is no sign the recession has bottomed out yet. 沒有跡象說明蕭條已經(jīng)到了極點.There is some evidence

35、of sth. that有證據(jù)、跡象說明 Eg.There is some evidence of life on other planets. There is some evidence that a small amount of alcohol is good for you. Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough. 1. get out 出門 Get out and enjoy yourself, make new friends.出去走走,好

36、好玩玩,交些新朋友.逃離,被迫離開They probably wanted to get out of thecountry.他們或許想逃離這個國家.最新資料推薦I told him to leave and get out.我叫他滾開.退出組織,撤銷承諾I wanted to get out of the group, butthey wouldn ' t let me.我想退出這個團體,但是他們不同意.Getting out of the contract would be no problem.消息泄露為人所知撤銷這個合同不會有任何問題.If word got out now,

37、a scandal couldbe disastrous.如果消息現(xiàn)在傳出去,可能會是災難性的丑聞.2. get off下車;免受懲罰；出發(fā)離開 He is likely to他可能會逃脫嚴懲,僅僅罰一點get off with a small fine.錢了事.The aircraft hadn' t enough power to get off the ground.那架飛機的動力不夠,無法起飛.離. 遠點,別碰 I told you. Get off the farm.我告訴過你,離農(nóng)場遠點.入睡 He couldn ' t get off to sleep. 他不能入睡.3. get over 恢復過來It took mea very long time to getover the shock of her death.得知她去世的消息我驚愕不已,很長時間才緩過勁來.戰(zhàn)勝困難,問題 How would they get over that problem, he wondered?他們會怎么解決那個問題？他尋思著.13 / 15講清楚,使明白 We