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1、閱讀理解之說明文Obesity (肥胖癥)is becoming a problem in our busy society , and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is also at an all-time high. Obesity means being
2、0;very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much body fat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put onweight. Food that your
3、160;body does not need will be stored(儲存)as fat by your body.The following are the major factors(因素)that increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in w
4、eight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese. If you do not do
5、0;enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if
6、your parents are obese.There are many psychological(心理的) factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves
7、feel better. This is known as comfort eating.Age is another factor, as you tend(趨于)to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat les
8、s, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, highblood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.66. The underlin
9、ed sentence in paragraph 1 means that _.A. obesity does not do harm to health.B. all the American children are obese.C. there are more obese children than before.D. there are less obese children in the USA.67. According to the passage, there are _ major factors that increase the risk of obesity. A.
10、three B. four C. five D. six68. What will the writer most probably talk about following the last paragraph? A. How to avoid obesity. B. How to live in the busy USA. C. What illnesses are caused by obesity. D. How doctors treat heart problems.英語閱讀之 說明文“英語說明文”,顧名思義,就是一種以“說明、解釋”為主要表達(dá)方式的英語文體。它是對客觀事物的性狀、
11、特點、功能和用途等等做科學(xué)解說的。說明文通過解說事物、闡明事理,使人們增長知識和技能。 說明文具有與自己特點相適應(yīng)的說明方法,因此說明文結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,專業(yè)術(shù)語多,易于拉開考生分?jǐn)?shù)檔次。說明文抽象度高,所以解題難度大,考察內(nèi)容多為科普知識、動植物特性、自然和社會現(xiàn)象,新產(chǎn)品、新工藝介紹,以及人文地理、風(fēng)土人情等方面,文中解釋性、定義性、說明性的句子增多。331【備考方法】掌握說明文的命題特點和敘述方式,重點突破長句結(jié)構(gòu)特點和邏輯關(guān)系?!久}類型與規(guī)律】1細(xì)節(jié)理解題:1) 在列舉處命題用first(1y)、second(1y)、third(1y)finally、notonly,butalso、then
12、、inaddition等表示順承關(guān)系的詞語列舉出事實。2)在例證處命題句中常用由as、suchas、forexample、forinstance等引導(dǎo)的短語或句子作為例證,這些例句或比喻就成為命題者設(shè)問的焦點。3)在轉(zhuǎn)折對比處命題一般通過however、but、yet、infact等詞語來引導(dǎo)。對比用unlike、until、notsomuch,as等詞語引導(dǎo),命題者常對用來對比的雙方屬性進行考查。4)在比較處命題無端的比較、相反的比較、偷換對象的比較,經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在干擾項中,考生要標(biāo)記并且關(guān)注到原文中的比較,才能順利地排除干擾。5)在復(fù)雜句中命題包括同位詞、插入語、定語、從句、不定式等,命題者主
13、要考查考生對句子之間的指代關(guān)系和語法關(guān)系?!咀⒁狻考?xì)節(jié)類問題一般都能在原文中找到出處,但正確的選項不可能與閱讀材料的原文完全相同,而是用不同的語句成句型表達(dá)相同的意思,即“同義替換”。2.語義猜測題:說明文為了把自然規(guī)律,事物的性質(zhì)等介紹清楚或把事理闡述明白,因此學(xué)術(shù)性強的生詞較多,所以常進行生詞詞義判斷題的考查。命題方式:1) theunderlinedpart“ ”inparagraph refersto2) whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?3) whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword?.【注意】定義句、上下文、同義詞、破折號、同
14、位語從句、定語從句、插入句等具有解釋、說明作用的語言成分,往往是猜詞的依據(jù)。3. 主旨理解題:即對文章的主題或中心意思的概括或歸納?!咀⒁狻坑绕湓谶x擇the best/proper title時,不能以偏概全,也不能太泛太籠統(tǒng),要注意包含貫穿全文的線索詞。4. 推理判斷題:這種題型的答案在原文中是不能直接找到的!推斷作者觀點態(tài)度(attitude)時要注意文中某些用詞或語氣背后的隱含意義,來推斷出作者是贊賞、批判還是中立。positive 積極的;肯定的 negative 消極的;否定的 neutral 中立的【閱讀小技巧】太絕對(all,every等)一般都不對;轉(zhuǎn)折后即為重點 (howev
15、er, but 等);兩選項互為反義,其中之一正確;包含同義替換為正確選項。本文重點固搭:1. is becoming2. one in three3. be considered to be.4. be at all-time high 創(chuàng)下歷史新高5. mean doing sth.6. put on weight7. increase the risk of8. play a major role in9. cause sb to do sth10. eat too much11. make sb. do sth.12. be known as 13. tend to do sth.14
16、. get older / get old15. need to do 16. such as含定語從句的句子:1.(你身體不需要的)食物 將會被你的身體存儲為脂肪。2. 以下 就是 (增加肥胖風(fēng)險的)主要因素。3. 我們?yōu)槭裁醋兣值脑蚴翘嗟氖澄锖吞俚腻憻挕?. 我們?yōu)槭裁醋兣值脑蚴浅蕴嗟氖澄锖妥鎏俚腻憻挕?. 我們?yōu)槭裁醋兣值脑蚴俏覀兂蕴嗟氖澄锖妥鎏俚腻憻挕?語篇填空:Obesity (肥胖癥)is becoming a problem in our busy society , and almost one1_ three Amer
17、ican adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is also at an all-time high. Obesity means 2_very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much body fat. If you&
18、#160;eat more food 3_ your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored(儲存)as fat 4_ your body.The following are
19、 the major factors(因素)5_increase the risk of obesity.What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food 6_ as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams&
20、#160;and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese. If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight 7_ the food you eat is not being
21、0;used to make energy 8_physical activities.The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.9_ are many psychological(心理的) factors that cause people to eat too much. People
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