現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)導(dǎo)學(xué)案及答案

1、高一英語課前作業(yè)A姓名班級組別編制 時(shí)間編號 43 審批課題：Unit 3 Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的主要用法3.使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)需要注意的問題【重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)】能夠熟練運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)?！菊n前預(yù)習(xí)】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)就是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)和被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的疊合，即“ have + been +動詞過去分詞。試比較以下幾組句子的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)：1. 主動：He has repaired the machine for two hours.（他修理這臺機(jī)器已有兩小時(shí)了）被動： The machi ne has bee n re

2、paired for two hours.（這臺機(jī)器已修了兩小時(shí)了）2. 主動句：The teacher has borrowed the books.（老師把那些書借走了）被動句：The books have bee n borrowed by the teacher. （那些書被老師借走了）【完成目標(biāo)】目標(biāo)一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的肯定式： 由構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成。例如： Two win dows have bee n broke n.兩個(gè)窗子被打破了。2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的否定式：由構(gòu)成。例如： The car has not been repaired .這輛汽車還沒有

3、修好。3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的一般疑問式:由構(gòu)成。例女口：一 Has her work been finished?她的工作完成了嗎？Yes it has.是的，完成了。一Have the cars been repaired ?這些汽車修好了嗎？ 一 No,they have nt .不，還沒有。4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的特殊疑問式:由構(gòu)成。例如：How long has her work been finished ?她的工作完成有多久了？Who has been helped by the new computer ?誰已經(jīng)得到了這臺新計(jì)算機(jī)的幫助?目標(biāo)二：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的 主要用法。

4、1. 表示被動的動作發(fā)生在說話之前（即現(xiàn)在的過去）,強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。當(dāng)動詞為短暫動詞時(shí)，可與already或yet連用，但不可與 for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。例如：The door has been locked.門被鎖上了。（結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在沒有人能進(jìn)去）房間已打掃干凈了。翻譯：2. 表示一個(gè)被動的動作或狀態(tài)開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能將持續(xù)下去，常與for或 since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用， 或用于How long. ?句型中。連用的時(shí)間狀語有：already, yet, lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years,

5、since then, up to now, so far等。例如：They have been told about it for many times .有人告訴他們這事很多次了。（可能還會有人告訴他們）這機(jī)器使用有多久了？翻譯：目標(biāo)三：使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài) 需要注意的問題。1 .現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)有兩個(gè)助動詞，即have /has和been，兩者缺一不可。2 .注意與一般過去時(shí)被動語態(tài)的區(qū)別。一般過去時(shí) 的被動語態(tài)表示一個(gè)被動的動作發(fā)生在過去某個(gè)時(shí)候，其結(jié)果對現(xiàn)在沒有影響；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動語態(tài)的動作或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在 過去，但側(cè)重說明該動作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。例如：The

6、house was built last year .這房子是去年建造的。The house has been built .這房子已經(jīng)建好了。3. 由 finish, buy，start， begin, post， return， borrow， join， marry， open 等非延續(xù)性詞構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動語態(tài)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語如for four days, how long等連用，而要改換動詞或時(shí)態(tài)。例如：譯：這本書買了多久了？誤： How long has this book been bought ? 正: How long ago was this book boug

7、ht ?但這類動詞的否定式可表示動作的持續(xù)過程，具有延續(xù)性，因而可與since或for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間段連用。例如：No books have been bought since last week.自上周以來，沒有人來買過書。4 .短語動詞是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性，不可省略短語動詞中的介詞或副詞。例如：The orphan has been well looked after.這位孤兒一直受到很好的照顧。【課堂小結(jié)】本節(jié)從知識上學(xué)到了什么？本節(jié)從方法上學(xué)到了什么？高一英語作業(yè)B （課后）、將空白處補(bǔ)充完整，完成下列含有被動語態(tài)的句子（每空一詞）。1. They have bu

8、ilt many houses in the village in the past few years.Many housesin the village in the past few years.2. They should have completed the project earlier this mon th.The projectearlier this mon th.3. Jacks boss has always praised him for his devoti on to work.Jackby his boss for his devoti on to work.4

9、. They have found a good place to build a n est in the com muni ty.A good placeto build a n est in the comm un ity.5. They have nt yet decided how to solve that difficult tech no logical problem.How to solve that difficult tech no logical problemyet.二.選擇題1. 1 can t see any coffee in this cupboard. ?

10、A. Has it all bee n fini shedB. Was it all fini shedC. Has it all fini shedD. Did it all finish2. Millions of pounds worth of damageby a storm which swept across the northof En gla nd last ni ght.A. has bee n causedB. had bee n causedC. will be causedD. will have bee n caused3. More patie ntsin hosp

11、ital this year tha n last year.A. treatedB. have treatedC. had bee n treatedD. have bee n treated4. The wi ndow is dirty.I kno w. Itfor weeks.A. has nt clea nedB. did nt clea nC. was nt clea nedD. has nt bee n clea ned5. Paper moneyfor over a thousand years .A. used B. has been usedC. has usedD. is

12、using6. Great changesin my hometown and a lot of factoriesA. have been taken place; are being set up B. have taken place; have been set upC. are taken place; had been set upD. had taken place ; will be set up7. Come and sit down by the fire . Your handcold .A. has been felt B. feelsC. is feltD. has

13、felt8. The fireto the fifth floor .all the people?A. has got;Have; been savedB.has been got; Have; savedC. has got;Do; saveD.has got; Have; saved9. We want to sit at the table n ear the win dowI m sorry , but italready .A. has takenB. tookC. was takenD. has been taken10. Some of the chapters （片段）by

14、many students .A. have been widely readB. have read widelyC. were wide readD. had been widely read11. Why don t you go to the book store to buy some books ? Many new booksthere .A. have just broughtB. have just been broughtC. were just broughtD. are just brought12. Till now , three filmsin that smal

15、l village this mon th .A. have shown B. have been shownC. were shownD. will be shown13. Do you know the thiefby the police ?A. has caught B. has been catchingC. was caught D. has been caught14. My sister is working in the power plant thatfor just one year .A. was used B. has been used C. is usedD. h

16、as used三、短文改錯(cuò)。My friend Nick told me story about his experienee back in the US, which was very interested.One day he was hav ing a yard sale and the old man livi ng n ext door come by to help. As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golde n ball

17、 for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say: 25 cents each.” You will never sell these for that much,” he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has bought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment delay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced,Tlltake them.”學(xué)生得分【日期】月日批語】導(dǎo)學(xué)案43答案課前作業(yè)Ahave /has +

18、 been +及物動詞的過去分詞have /has + not + been +及物動詞的過去分詞have / has +主語+ been +及物動詞的過去分詞疑問詞+ have/ has+主語+ been +及物動詞的過去分詞翻譯：The room has already bee n clea ned.How long has the mach ine bee n used?課后作業(yè)B一填空。1. have bee n built2. should have bee n completed3. has always bee n praised4. has bee n found5. has ntbee n decided二選擇。第1題的第一句話告訴我們，櫥柜里看不到咖啡了，所以緊接著要問咖啡已經(jīng)被喝完了嗎？ ”，故選A。第2題的意思是 昨晚橫掃英格蘭北部的暴風(fēng)雨已經(jīng)造成了上百萬英鎊的損失”，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)生在過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，故選A。第3題中的patients與treat之間是被動關(guān)系，排除 A、B。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語this year可知用現(xiàn) 在完成時(shí)的被