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1、初中英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞講解及練習(xí)(含答初三數(shù)詞掌握分?jǐn)?shù)、時(shí)間、日期的表達(dá)法。【復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)(一)基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞用來(lái)表示數(shù)目,或者說(shuō)表示 數(shù)量的詞叫基數(shù)詞。最基本的基數(shù)詞 如下表所示。1 one11 eleven100 a hundred2two12 twelv e20 twen ty1000 a thousand313301 , 000, 000 athr eethirte enthirtymillion4 fou r14 fourt een40 forty10, 000, 000 ten million5five15 fiftee n50 fifty100, 000, 000 a hundred milli

2、on6six16 sixtee n60sixty1, 000, 000, 000 a billion71770 seventy初三數(shù)詞sev enseventeen8 eig ht18 eighteen80 eighty9 nin e19 nineteen90 ninety10 ten說(shuō)明:1. 1319是由個(gè)位數(shù)加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。注意其中13、15的拼寫(xiě)是thirteen 和 fifteen。2. 2090由個(gè)位數(shù)加后綴-ty構(gòu)成, 注意其中2050的拼寫(xiě)分別是twenty, thirty, forty 和 fifty;80 的 拼寫(xiě)是 eighty。3. 其它非整十的兩位數(shù) 2199是

3、由 整十位數(shù)加連字符-“',再加個(gè)位數(shù)構(gòu) 成。如: 81 eighty-one。4. 101999的基數(shù)詞先寫(xiě)百位數(shù),后 加and再寫(xiě)十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)。如:691 six hundred and ninety-one。5. 1000以上的基數(shù)詞先寫(xiě)千位數(shù),后寫(xiě)百位數(shù),再加and,最后寫(xiě)十位數(shù)和 個(gè)位數(shù)。如:5893 five thousand eight hundred and ninety-three 。 在基數(shù)詞 中只有表示百”、千”的單位詞,沒(méi) 有單獨(dú)表示 萬(wàn)“、億”的單位詞,而 是用 thousand (千)和 million (百萬(wàn)) 來(lái)表達(dá),其換算關(guān)系為:1萬(wàn)=10 thou

4、sand;1 億=100 million; 10 億二a thousand million=a billion 。6.多位數(shù)的讀法:1) 1000以上的多位數(shù),要使用計(jì)數(shù)間隔或逗號(hào);”。即從個(gè)位起,每隔 三位加一個(gè)間隔或逗號(hào)。第一個(gè)間隔 或逗號(hào)前是thousand (千),第二個(gè)間 隔或逗號(hào)前是million (百萬(wàn)),第三個(gè) 間隔或逗號(hào)前是 a thousand million或 a billion(十億)。2)每隔三位分段以后就都成了 101999o讀的時(shí)候十位數(shù)(或個(gè)位 數(shù))的前面一般要加ando如:888, 000, 000 讀作:eight hundred and eighty-ei

5、ght million基數(shù)詞的用法:初三數(shù)詞1.基數(shù)詞在句中的作用基數(shù)詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞和形容詞, 在句中可作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(介賓)、 表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等。例如:Three and We is eight. 3+5=8 (作表語(yǔ))How many oranges do you want?你要多少桔子?I want eight,我要八個(gè)。(作賓語(yǔ)) There are eight boats in the lake.湖 里有八條小船。(作定語(yǔ))2. Hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score這些詞前面如有表示具體數(shù)字的詞,它們不能加"s'反之

6、則須加“ s,”并要與of短語(yǔ)連用。例如:three hundred people, fivethousand years;thousands of people, hundreds of students, thousands of trees(二)序數(shù)詞表示順序的詞,叫序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞 用來(lái)表示數(shù)詞順序。除特殊情況外, 序數(shù)詞一般都由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。初三數(shù)詞請(qǐng)見(jiàn)下表:第一到 第十第十到 第十九第一十 以上firsteleventhtwentie thsecondtwelfththirtiet hthirdthirteenthfortiethfourthfourteenthfif

7、tiethfifthfifteenthsixtiethsixthsixteenthseventie thseventhseventeentheightiet heightheighteenthninetiet hninthnineteenthhundre出htenththousandth說(shuō)明:1 .英語(yǔ)中表示第一、第二、第三的 序數(shù)詞屬特殊形式,要注意它們的拼 寫(xiě)。2 .表示 幾十”的序數(shù)詞通常是將基初三數(shù)詞數(shù)詞詞尾y變成i再加上后綴-eth。3 .其余的二位數(shù)序數(shù)詞是以相應(yīng)的 整十基數(shù)詞加個(gè)位序數(shù)詞。如: fifty-first (第五H一)。4 .少數(shù)序數(shù)詞拼法不規(guī)則,如:fifth (第

8、五),eighth (第八),ninth (第 九),twelfth (第十二)等。注意:1 .序數(shù)詞可縮寫(xiě)為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù) 詞最后兩個(gè)字母。例如:第一:(the) first=1st 第二:(the) second=2nd第三:(the) third=3rd 第 五:(the) fifth=5th第 九 十 七: (the) ninety-seventh=97th第一百 零一:(the) one hundred (and)first=1O1st2 .編了號(hào)的事物要用基數(shù)詞表示順序,但是基數(shù)詞要后置。例如:第一課:Lesson One第三十二頁(yè):Page 32第305房間:Room 305

9、第12路公共汽車:Bus No.12初三數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞的用法序數(shù)詞表順序,主要作定語(yǔ),其前 面須加上定冠詞the,此外,也作主語(yǔ)、 賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等,這時(shí),被它所 修飾的名詞往往被省略。 如:The first (person ) to arrive is Kate.例如:The first is bigger than the second.(作主語(yǔ))第一個(gè)比第二個(gè)大。Give me the first.(作賓語(yǔ))把第一She' s oftenhe first to go to school.(作表語(yǔ))她經(jīng)常第一個(gè)去上學(xué)。We re going to learn the eighth

10、lesson.(作定語(yǔ))我們將要學(xué)習(xí)第八 課。(三)分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法先寫(xiě)基數(shù)詞表示分子,后寫(xiě)序數(shù) 詞表示分母,如果分子大于 1時(shí),分 母用復(fù)數(shù)。如:one-fourth, two-fifths, three-tenths(四)小數(shù)表達(dá)法小數(shù)點(diǎn)前的整數(shù)按基數(shù)詞的規(guī)則表示)小數(shù)點(diǎn)寫(xiě)作point,小數(shù)后的數(shù)字初三數(shù)詞應(yīng)按其數(shù)字直接表示出來(lái)。如:18.38 可寫(xiě)成: eighteen point three eight。注意:小數(shù)在句中常作定語(yǔ),尤其 在比較方式狀語(yǔ)從句中被使用。如: This stone is 3.5 times heavier than that one.(五)百分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法(根據(jù)學(xué)生情

11、況選擇使用)在數(shù)詞后加percent o例如:15%讀 作:fifteen percent; 60% 讀作:sixty percent(六)表示倍數(shù)(根據(jù)學(xué)生情況選擇使用)1)幾倍大?。ㄩL(zhǎng)短,數(shù)量)二 幾倍(或分?jǐn)?shù))+the size(length, amount)。例如: The earth is forty-nine times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。2)比一幾倍=倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+ 形容詞(副詞)比較級(jí)+than+被比部 分。例如: His house is three times bigger than mine.他的房子比我的房初三數(shù)詞子大三倍。

12、3)是倍=倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+as +形容詞+as +被比部分。例如: This factory is four times as big as that one.這個(gè)工廠是那個(gè)工廠 的四倍。(七)表示約數(shù)(根據(jù)學(xué)生情況選擇使用)1) 多于"用 more than 或 over。例如:The street is over(more than)500 metres long.這條街有 500多米 長(zhǎng)。2)小于"用 less thano例如:Three are less than 30 people in the classroom. 教室里不到三十人。3) 或以上”用or mor

13、e。例如:The building can hold 5000 people or more.那座建筑物可容納5000人或5000人以上。4) 或以下”用or less。例如: We can finish the work in two weeks or less.我們可以在兩周內(nèi)或不到初三數(shù)詞兩周完成這件工作。5)大約“用 about, around, nearly 等。例如:The box weighs about 50 pounds.這箱子重約50鎊。6)"右”用。r so.如:In the past ten years or so, they have changed a l

14、ot. 在過(guò)去的十年里, 他們改變了許多。(八)年、月、日和時(shí)間的表達(dá)法1 .年份用基數(shù)詞表達(dá),分兩位一讀, 年份前用介詞in o例如:1999 nineteen ninety-nine 2000two thousand 2001 two thousand and one2 .月份的第一個(gè)字母要大寫(xiě),有些 月份名稱有縮寫(xiě)形式。例如:一月 January(Jan.), 二 月 February(Feb.),三月 March(Mar.), 四月(Apr.),五月May,六月June,七 月 July,八月 August(Aug.)九月 September(Sep.),十月 October(Oct.

15、), H月 November(Nov.), 十二月December(Dec.)o3 .日期的表達(dá)要用序數(shù)詞,讀時(shí)前面要加定冠詞the,介詞要使用on。例如:在6月1日:on June 1st讀 作:on June the first.年、月、日同時(shí)表達(dá)時(shí),一般應(yīng)先寫(xiě)月、日、后寫(xiě)年。如:在2001年5月4日:on May 4 th, 2001 o4 .年代用基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)表示。例如:20世紀(jì)90年代:nineteen nineties; 21 世紀(jì) 20 年代:twenty twenties5 .時(shí)間表達(dá)法:時(shí)間可用順讀法或 倒讀法兩種方式表達(dá)。例如:5: 00 five (o ' clo

16、ck)6:18 six eighteen 或 eighteen past six12: 15 twelve fifteen 或 fifteen (a quarter) past twelve4: 30 four thirty 或 half past four6: 45 six forty-five a quarter to seven注意:1)表示整點(diǎn)時(shí)間,直接用基數(shù)詞表 達(dá),后邊可接o' clock(也可不力口)。表 達(dá) 幾點(diǎn)幾分”時(shí),絕不能用。'clock2)表達(dá)“1汾”或“4汾”時(shí),常用 quarter (亥U)。初三數(shù)詞3)在倒讀法中,如果鐘點(diǎn)不過(guò)半, 須用 分鐘數(shù)+p

17、ast+鐘點(diǎn)數(shù)”的形式;如 果鐘點(diǎn)過(guò)半,則用差多少分鐘數(shù)+to+ 全鐘點(diǎn)(下個(gè)鐘點(diǎn)數(shù))”的形式。兩組與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的介詞短語(yǔ):in+定冠詞the+數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形 式,表示年代。如:in the 1870s或 1870' sin+物主代詞+數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形 式,表示某人的年齡。如: in one' thirties。有時(shí)在物主代詞后面可加上 形容詞early或late使其含義更確切 些。如: The young man is at most in his early thirties.注意:帶有數(shù)詞的名詞作定語(yǔ)的 表達(dá):a seven-year-old boy)a hundred-metr

18、e race初三數(shù)詞K T809, D. February數(shù)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(一)( )1. Lincoln was bornA. February 12, 1809 February 12C. 1809, 12 February 1809,12Doy can sing theC ) 2. A English song very we I."A. ten-year-ola B. ten years oldmen.A. two B. the second C. theC. ten-year-old D. fifth years old ( )3. An hour later, _ minis

19、ter was sent to seethe box by those two two D. second( )4. Abraham Lincoln was _ President of the United StatesZ thA. 16 B. the 16 C. 16th 16th( )5. Do you think there is any for us?A. Two B-. the two C.D. theroomsecondD. the second( )6. 一How many students are there in your class? 一A. Twenty nine IT

20、iirty and two C. Forty-five D. fifties()7. Which number is wrong?A. Ninety B. Ninteen C. NinthD. Nineteenth ,( )8. The People s Liberation Army1927, 1 inis readwas founded _ _A. on August 1, 1927 B. in AugustC. on August 1st, 1927 D. August 1, 1927 ()9. The number 4,123-A. four thousand one hundred

21、and twenty-threeB.four thousand and one hundred twenty-threeC. four thousand and a hundred and twenty-threeD. four thousands a hundred and twenty-three( )10. The old professor still works hard though he is _ _ A. in his sixty B. in his sixties C. in sixties D. in the sixty 數(shù)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)(二)( )76. Tuesday is

22、 theday ofa week in English.A. first B. fifth C. thirdD. fourth( )77. There areseasons in ayear in our countryA. twoD. fourthB. fourC. second()78. The gameOlympics will beyheld 20D8A. 29 B. the 29th29thof inC.Beijinginthe 29 D.( )79. Most of the stars are much more Digger than the sun. But they are

23、igrit years away from us.A. thousand B. thousandsC. thousand of D. thousands of yBO.of the surface(表面)ofearth is covered with water.A. First third B. Two thirdsC. One three D. Two three( )81. There are people inmy family. We live on the floor in a fall building.A. five, six B. fifth, sixth C. fifth,

24、 six D. five, sixth :)82. Boys and girls, we are going to earn _ tocFay.A. Four Lesson B. the fourth lessonC. the Lesson Four D. the Four Lesson()83. My lovely daughter is .7 A. y eight 蝙ars -old- B. eight-year-ola C. eight year old D. eight-years-old( )84. The flood happened _A. in the summer of 19

25、98 B. in the summer of 1998sC. in 1998 of the summer D. in 1998s of the summerB.( )85. February 28 should be read as一A. February of the 28thFebruary of 28C. 28 of February D. the 28th of February( )86. 一 How soon will you finish your work? 一 In about _A. one and a half monffi BTPne month and a halfC

26、. one and half a month D. a month and half ()87. We will have a _holiday. What about going to Suzhou?A. five days B. five day C. five-day D. five-days ()88. We are sure the century will bring us more hopes:A. twentieth-first B. twentieth-oneC. twenty-one D. twenty-first()89. - What is 1/2 and 1/3?It

27、 s _ /A. 2/5BT-I/5C. 5/6D. 4/6()90. At the age of, he hadhis own lab.A. thirty B. thirtieth C. the thirtieth D. the thirty( )91. Five times five is A. five B. zero -C. ten D. twenty-five( )92. are in the army. A. Twotheir sons B. Their two sonsC. Their sons two D. Two sons their()93. My sister is a

28、student ofA. the First Class B. Class One C.One Class D. Class Firstbananathree peoples family 'sfay.Ten and five isD. threetwoB. fifty C. fifteenD.Hamburger $ 1.20$1.50 Ice-creamPopcorn $1much will he pay?A. Three dollars and sixty cents.B. Five dollars and thirty-five cents.C. Five do ars and sixty cents.D. Two do ars.初三數(shù)詞( )94. The boy can count from one to.A-hundred B. a hundr

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