2020-2021高考英語任務(wù)型閱讀訓(xùn)練經(jīng)典題目(附答案)

1、2020-2021高考英語任務(wù)型閱讀訓(xùn)練經(jīng)典題目（附答案）一、高中英語任務(wù)型閱讀1 .任務(wù)型閱讀Asthma（哮喘）is a long-lasting breathing disease that affects millions of Americans, many of whom are children. People who get asthma will suffer from lack of breath, difficulty in breathing or coughing-which are caused by the tightening of the muscles in

2、 airways. Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function and death, but asthma can also be effectively controlled with proper treatments.Research is discovering genes that contribute to the development of asthma. This development has pointed researchers to the role of indoor and outdoor pollution a

3、s environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.The Indoor PollutionIndoor pollution has increased with the developments in building materials and in heating and air conditioning systems. In addition to poisonous gases that come from paint, other materials like dust and

4、 perfumes used in household products such as washing powder are recycled continuously through the house, winter and summer.Unlike the days before central heating or before whole-house air conditioning, these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes. Most often, they cause breathing pro

5、blems in the members of the family with the least-developed autoimmune（ 自身免疫的 ）systems. Proper venting （通風(fēng)）and use of environmentally-friendly building materials and carpeting can help reduce the presence of these chemicals.The Outdoor pollutionResearchers have also established outdoor pollutions ro

6、le as a probable cause of asthma. Asthma has been proven to result from some fuel products. Smog and the small matters carried by it have been recognized as a factor which leads to asthma since the 19th century when London saw more and more diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutant

7、s and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.Those most affected by the increase of industrial and environmental pollution are children. Although much h

8、as been done to control the levels of pollution in the US, there still remains much to do as it is a worldwide phenomenon. Until an international effort can be made to limit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.The between asthma and air polluti

9、onTheof asthma lack of breath difficulty in breathing coughingThe possibleofuntreated asthma poor lung function death_ contributing toIndoor It is_ by building materials and heating andthe increased asthmapollutionair conditioning systems.some poisonous gases, dust and perfumesworsen pollution. Some

10、 material and chemicalsin modernhomes.Outdoor pollution Smog and the small matters carried by it cause asthma, which is proven by a(n)number olung diseases in the industrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals in water are to peoples health.ConclusionOnly when all countries join to

11、gether to limit carbon emissions can people befrom suffering environmental asthma.【答案】 relationship / relation / connection / association/ link; symptoms ; consequences/ results / effects ; Factors ; caused/ increased ; Besides ; remain/ stay ； increased/increasing; harmful ； prevented/stopped/ kept

12、/ away/ free/ freed【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，分析了哮喘產(chǎn)生的原因，從室內(nèi)污染和室外污染兩個(gè)方面來進(jìn)行闡述。(1)考查信息歸納的能力。從題干結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容，本文討論了哮喘和空氣污染的關(guān)系，從中文 關(guān)系，聯(lián)系”出發(fā)，答案范圍廣。故填relationship / relation / connection / association/ link。(2)考查信息歸納的能力。結(jié)合第一段對哮喘發(fā)病情況的解釋，可選擇出總結(jié)詞癥狀”。故填 symptoms。(3)考查信息歸納的能力。由文中的Untreated asthma can lead to poor lung function

13、 anddeath,可知，這里是指 結(jié)果。故填 consequences/ results/ effects o(4)考查信息歸納的能力。根據(jù)原文第二段Thisdevelopment has pointed researchers tothe role of indoor and outdoor pollution as environmental factors that contribute to the increased occurrence of asthma.,“結(jié)合題目后面 indoor pollution 和 outdoor pollution 得知， 這里是講導(dǎo)致哮喘病增加的

14、因素。故填 Factors。(5)考查信息歸納的能力。原文用的是“indoorpollution has increased with結(jié)構(gòu)，其實(shí)就是因果關(guān)系，所以這里是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。故填 caused/ increased o(6)考查信息歸納的能力。對原文 in addition to進(jìn)行替換，表示 除了，還包括”的意 思。故填Besides。(7) 考 查信息 歸納的 能力。 原文 these materials and chemicals cannot get out of modern homes”指的是這些材料并沒有隨時(shí)間消失，一直存在。故填 remain/ stay。(8)考查信息歸納

15、的能力。根據(jù)原文倒數(shù)第二段中的sawnore and more diseases in theindustrial population. Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illnesses.,”可知是越來越多的疾病。故填 i

16、ncreased/ increasing。(9)考查信息歸納的能力。根據(jù) sawmore and more diseases in the industrial populatio n.Industrial pollutants and other chemicals which are produced in water treatment and open treated water like that found in the swimming pools also contribute to increased cases of asthma as well as other illn

17、esses.可知，這類污染物對人體有害，會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病。故填 harmful。（10）考查信息歸納的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的Until an international effort can be made tolimit carbon emissions, the occurrence of environmental asthma will probably continue to increase.可知是需要各個(gè)國家的通力合作才能阻止碳排放量，prevent/stop/ keep/beaway/ be free/ free from dong阻止“固定搭配，表示否定含義。原題中有can be所

18、以后面用過去分詞表示被動(dòng)，故填 prevented/stopped/ kept/ away/ free/ freed ?！军c(diǎn)評】本題涉及信息歸納能力的考查，要求考生準(zhǔn)確掌握所給材料，根據(jù)上下文的邏輯 關(guān)系，結(jié)合相關(guān)的語法知識(shí)和語法知識(shí)，從而寫出正確答案。2 .任務(wù)型閱讀Just as team members today have assigned doing roles, there should also be thinking roles. By knowing how other members of your learn and organization think-and by o

19、thers knowing how you think everyone can be more productive. So how should you evaluate how you and your team think? After a lot of trial-and-error, we developed a three-step method that delivers practical and meaningful results.Focus. Do you tend to pay the most attention to ideas, process, action,

20、 or relationships? For example, in the morning do you think about the problems you need to solve, the plans you need to make, the actions you need to take, or the people you need to see? This isnt about picking one to the exclusion（排除）of the other. Its about where your focus naturally lands.Orientat

21、ion（方向）.A good way to identify your orientation is thinking about what tends to bother you in meetings. Are you more likely to complain about getting dragged into the weeds or about things being too general and not specific enough? These dimensions are complementary（補(bǔ)充的）to personality, skills, and t

22、raditional roles.Combination. By combing these two dimensions you can know about the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose. When you know your thinking style, you know what naturally energizes you, why certain type of problems are challenging or boring, and what you can do

23、to improve in areas that are important to reaching your goals. Once you know your style, it helps to share it with others, and have others share theirs with you. In this way, your thinking style becomes a useful tool-a kind of social currency-for the team. Imaging you put together a team to work on

24、a new initiative（行動(dòng)）.Wouldnt you like to know who is energized by bigpicture strategy discussions and who finds them frustrating? Who likes to work on the details of the execution? And who is energized by managing the team dynamics?The landscape of business is changing rapidly, and we have to find n

25、ew and better ways to connect and communicate. We all want to work better together, the challenge is actually making it happen. Understanding collaboration（ 合作）through the way of thinking rather than doing is a practical and powerful step forward.What kind of Thinker Are You?Introduction Bothassigne

26、d doing roles and thinking roles areimportant among team members. Teammembers knowing how each other think canproductivity.Threesteps inthinking styles The first step is to identify the focus of yourin aparticular context. It is not about making an either -or, but about findingwhere your focus natur

27、ally lands.*The next stop is to identify your orientation swingstoward the big picture or the details.*It can help others form a full understanding of you.*The third step is tothese two dimensions and see yourthinking style at work.*It to the understanding of other team membersthinking styles.In thi

28、s rapidly changing world, understanding othersthink instead of what they do can help you work better together.【答案】equally; improve/increase ； evaluating ； thinking ； choice ； whether ； combine ；contributes/leads ; Conclusion; how【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，正如今天的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員分配的角色一樣，也應(yīng)該有思考的角色，兩者同樣重要。團(tuán)隊(duì)成員彼此了解，會(huì)產(chǎn)生更大的效果。文章

29、主要是介紹了評 價(jià)思維方式的三個(gè)步驟。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第段中的Just as team membersdday have assigned doing roles,there should also be thinking roles.可知，指派的角色和思考角色兩者之間同樣重要。可知 答案為equally o(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的Bywowing how other members of your team andorganization think - and by others knowing how you think - everyone can be more p

30、roduc tive. 可知，團(tuán)隊(duì)成員彼此了解會(huì)提高生產(chǎn)力?？芍鸢笧?improve/increase。3 3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的After a lot of tria-and-error, we developed a three-stepmethod that delivers practical and meaningful results.”評價(jià)思維方式的三個(gè)步驟。答案為 evaluating。4 4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的Agood way to identify your orientation is thinkingabout what tends to bot

31、her you in meetings. 可知，第一步是確定你在某一特定環(huán)境下的思維 焦點(diǎn)。可知答案為 thinking。5 5)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的Its about where your focus naturally lands.它是關(guān)于你的焦點(diǎn)自然降落的地方。答案為 choiceo(6)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的Agood way to identify your orientation is thinkingabout what tends to bother you in meetings.可知，下一步是確定你的方向是否向大方向移動(dòng)。可知答案為 whether。(7)考查

32、細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的Bycombining these two dimensions you can knowabout the thinking style at work in whatever context or setting you chose.第三步是將這二維空間結(jié)合起來，看看你的想法。答案為 combine。(8)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Once you know your style, it helps to share it withothers, and have others share theirs with you. 可知，它導(dǎo)致了其他團(tuán)隊(duì)成員對思維方式

33、的理 解。故答案為 contributes/leads 。(9)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的Theeadscape of business is changing rapidly, andwe have to find new and better ways to connect and communicate.可知此處是得出 的結(jié)論。答案為 Conclusion o(10)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的The leadscape of business is changing rapidly, andwe have to find new and better ways to connec

34、t and communicate.在這快速改變的世界， 理解別人的想法而不是他們所做的可以幫助你更好地工作。根據(jù)句意可知答案為how。【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握所給材 料，根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，結(jié)合相關(guān)的語法知識(shí)和詞匯知識(shí)，做出正確答案。3.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余 選項(xiàng)。Most of us lead unhealthy lives; we spend far too much sitting down. If in addition we are careless about our diet

35、s, our bodies soon become loose and fatty and our systems slow moving.I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. The usual suggestion to a person who is looking for a way to keep fit

36、is to take up some sport or other. While it is true that every weekend you will find people playing football and hockey in the local park, they are outnumbered a hundred to one by the people who are simply watching them.For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports there are such separa

37、te activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. What often happens though is that you do them in such a leisurely way, so slowly, that it is doubtful if you are doing yourself much good, except for the fact that you have at least managed to get up out of your armchair.Even after you have fo

38、und a way for keeping in shape, through sport or gymnastics, because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and physical relaxation.Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known and popular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation.

39、 It seems ironical ( 諷刺性的 ),though, that as our lives have improved in a material sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.A. be active and practise YogaB. There are some aspects of our unhealthy lives that we

40、 cannot avoid.C. and it is especially difficult to do so if you are not good at themD. physical effort on the one hand and relaxation on the otherE. they spent most of the time out of doors F. you are still only half way to good health G. It has to do with deep breathing, emptying your mind of all t

41、houghts, meditation, and so on.【答案】B; C; F; G; D【解析】文章大意：這是一篇說明文。主要講述作者針對如何保持身體健康這一問題給出 了一些建議。(1) 考查上下文的語境理解。由 I am thinking of such features of modern city life as pollution, noise, rushed meals and stress. But keeping fit is a way to reduce the effects of these evils. 可知這 里意思是我們不健康的生活中，有些方面是無法避免的，

42、故答案選B。(2)考查上下文的語境理解。 由 For those who do not particularly enjoy competitive sports 一以及一there are such separate activities as cycling, walking, jogging and swimming. 可知如果 你不擅長它們，做這些運(yùn)動(dòng)將特別困難，故答案選Co(3) 考查上下文的語境理解。 由 because, according to the experts, you must also master the art of complete mental and ph

43、ysical relaxation.可知這里意思是你仍然在身體健康的半路上，故答案選F。(4)考查上下文的語境理解。Yoga, as practiced in the West, is the most widely known andpopular of the systems for achieving the necessary state of relaxation. 這里提至 U了 怎么做瑜伽， 故答案選Go(5)考查上下文的語境理解。由 It seems ironical (諷刺T生的),though, that as our lives have improved in a ma

44、terial sense we have found it increasingly necessary to go back to forms of activity 以及一which were the natural way of life of our forefathers.可知這里意思是一方面體力耗費(fèi)，另一方面放松，故答案選 Do【點(diǎn)評】閱讀理解七選五解題步驟1)分析選項(xiàng)，串聯(lián)主題：了解文章的主題、大意，會(huì)讓解題的方向更明確。2)研究空格前后，對比選項(xiàng)，選擇答案。 3)復(fù)讀短文，核對答案：為了保證答案的正確性，一定要 把答案代入原文，進(jìn)行核對檢查。4. (2018?浙江)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容

45、，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng) 中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you wantto make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighb

46、or should.Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property（房產(chǎn)）neat, clean, and in good repair.By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.Second, take the overall appearance of the n

47、eighborhood seriously. When going for a walk. Take along a small garbage bag.This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Le

48、t them know you are there to help in any way this acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good n

49、eighbor that everyone appreciates.A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do sho

50、pping.E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.F. People tend to lake pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly【答案】G; F; E; B; C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，介紹了喬遷新居后更好更快地融入新社

51、區(qū)的四大策略：如保持清潔衛(wèi)生、做個(gè)熱情的有心人等。G此處是承上啟下的句子，即呼應(yīng)上一句確保你做一個(gè)好鄰居應(yīng)該做的事”，后概括下文做一個(gè)好鄰居應(yīng)該注意那些技巧”，故答案為GoF 根據(jù)下文強(qiáng)調(diào)的 outside of the home ,聯(lián)系到上文 keep your property（房產(chǎn)）neat, clean, and in good repair,所以此處談?wù)撊鐝耐庥^上讓鄰居接受你，故答案為F。 E 前文的 small garbage bag 是為了 “ pick up waste paperB備的， 后句的 This small act 就 是指撿廢紙的這一舉動(dòng)，故答案為E。B此處是本段

52、的主題句，后一句中的offer to collect mail and newspapers正是幫助鄰居做一些小事情的表現(xiàn)，所以答案為BoC 此處是本段的主題句, 后句中的respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you,and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood 均是 considerate behaviors , 故答案為 Co【點(diǎn)評】這是一篇說明文，重在考查上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，答題時(shí)首先瀏覽文章主旨， 并理解各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的含義。然后再讀短文，選出最能使上下文語義

53、通順的選項(xiàng)，注意 段落大意，空格前后的關(guān)鍵詞等信息，完成后要通讀一篇，看語義是否通順，是否符合邏 輯，必要的話做適當(dāng)修改。5 任務(wù)型閱讀Last week the electricity in my flat went out. I had just got home from work and was happily making my tea, when all a sudden I was surrounded by complete darkness. I tried to fix it but failed. I had to wait for an electrician to c

54、ome in the morningI sat down to eat my half-cooked dinner. And then I wasnt really sure what to do. My typical evening is spent watching the TV and looking through social mediaSo for me it was anearly night. And I couldnt help but think, do we rely too much on electricity? That night, losing our ele

55、ctricity felt like losing a basic necessity. As basic as running waterI use electricityall the time, even when its not really necessary.It contributes to global warming. It is harming our environment and we need to do what we can to stop it. Not only that, but if we continue to use the same large am

56、ount of energy we will soon run out.So, shouldnt we start preparing for it now? Cutting back on our use of electricity would make losing it easier, and also save energy resources so that they could last for longerAnd ifeveryone does the same, we can make a big difference.A. Tonight this wasnt possib

57、le.B. Obviously, we cant survive without it.C. Our over-use of electricity is a big problem.D. This left me a whole night without any electricity.E. Electricity brings us convenience and trouble.F. But really, weve grown to take electricity for granted.G. I know for sure that I could cut down on my

58、use of electricity.【答案】D； A； F； C； G【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。一場突如其來的停電讓作者意識(shí)到電的寶貴，也使作者開始反思自己浪費(fèi)電的行為。作者決定從自己做起，開始節(jié)約用電。( 1 )上面內(nèi)容提到突然停電，“我 ”想修但沒修好，D 選項(xiàng) “這使我一個(gè)晚上都沒有電”是上面內(nèi)容的結(jié)果。故選D。( 2 )上一句提到：平時(shí)，我都是通過看電視，瀏覽社交媒體來度過晚上的(My typicalevening is spent watching the TV and looking through social media )，下一句提到：所以，對我而言，今天晚上是一個(gè)很早的晚上( So for me it was an early night) ; A選項(xiàng) 今天晚上，這不可能了”是停電后的