【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件

1、【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件語態(tài)語態(tài)(voice)是個(gè)語法范疇，它是一種動(dòng)詞形式，是個(gè)語法范疇，它是一種動(dòng)詞形式，表示動(dòng)詞的主語與該動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之間的表示動(dòng)詞的主語與該動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之間的主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)關(guān)系。當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)關(guān)系。當(dāng)主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)（動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)（Active Voice）；如果主語）；如果主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)詞便用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（是動(dòng)作的承受者，動(dòng)詞便用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（Passive Voice）。）。 We cleaned the classroo

2、m yesterday. 昨天我們打掃了教室。昨天我們打掃了教室。The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我們打掃了。昨天教室被我們打掃了。【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。當(dāng)主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，原來的賓語變成了主語，原來的主語變成了介詞by 的賓語。主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句的結(jié)構(gòu)雖然不同，但動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者和承受者的關(guān)系并沒有改變。【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： am / is / are doneam / is / are d

3、one一般過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)： was / were donewas / were done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： am / is / are being doneam / is / are being done過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： was / were being donewas / were being done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： have / has been donehave / has been done過去完成時(shí)：過去完成時(shí)： had been donehad been done一般將來時(shí)：一般將來時(shí)： shall / will be done ; be going s

4、hall / will be done ; be going to be doneto be done當(dāng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為當(dāng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為 can / must can / must / have tobe done/ have tobe doneHe is regarded as a brilliant. 他被認(rèn)為很有才氣。他被認(rèn)為很有才氣。This book was written in 1969. 這本書是這本書是1969年寫成的。年寫成的。The broken bike is being repaired now. 那輛壞了的自行車正在被修理。那輛壞了的自行

5、車正在被修理。He told us the cat was being washed when we called him. 他告訴我們打電話時(shí)他正在給貓洗澡。他告訴我們打電話時(shí)他正在給貓洗澡。The pen has been used for several years. 這支這支鋼筆已經(jīng)用了幾年。鋼筆已經(jīng)用了幾年。He said the factory had been opened . 他說他說這家工廠已經(jīng)開張。這家工廠已經(jīng)開張。The work will be finished in three hours. 工工作將于三小時(shí)后完成。作將于三小時(shí)后完成。The baby must be

6、 looked after well. 這孩子必須被好好照顧。這孩子必須被好好照顧?！咀钚隆恐锌加⒄Z 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件在被動(dòng)句中有時(shí)用在被動(dòng)句中有時(shí)用by- 詞組，有時(shí)不用。一般詞組，有時(shí)不用。一般來說，當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者為誰不甚清楚，不甚重來說，當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者為誰不甚清楚，不甚重要或難以說出時(shí)，通常不用要或難以說出時(shí)，通常不用by。但有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)。但有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者或者由于上下和結(jié)構(gòu)上的需要?jiǎng)t調(diào)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者或者由于上下和結(jié)構(gòu)上的需要?jiǎng)t必須使用必須使用 by 詞組。例如：詞組。例如：Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. 哈姆雷特哈姆雷特是莎士比

7、亞寫的。是莎士比亞寫的?！咀钚隆恐锌加⒄Z 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件People speak English almost all over the world. 世界各地都有人講英語。世界各地都有人講英語。當(dāng)主動(dòng)句的賓語是當(dāng)主動(dòng)句的賓語是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，可轉(zhuǎn)換為兩種形式的被動(dòng)句?？赊D(zhuǎn)換為兩種形式的被動(dòng)句。English is spoken almost all over the world.1 1含有單賓語的主動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換含有單賓語的主動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換：( (一一) ) 主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換主動(dòng)句與被動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件P

8、eople believe that he is an honest boy. 大家認(rèn)為他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的孩子。大家認(rèn)為他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的孩子。2.2.含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換含有雙賓語的主動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換I gave the book to Mr. Smith yesterday. 昨天我給了史密斯先生一本書。昨天我給了史密斯先生一本書。 It is believed that he is an honest boy.The boy is believed to be an honest one.The book was given to Mr. Smith yesterday ( by me).2) 把賓語

9、從句里的主語變成被動(dòng)句的主語，同時(shí)把把賓語從句里的主語變成被動(dòng)句的主語，同時(shí)把賓語從句中的謂語變成不定式短語。賓語從句中的謂語變成不定式短語。1) 用先行的用先行的it作形式主語，把賓語從句變成后置的作形式主語，把賓語從句變成后置的主語從句；主語從句；【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件3. 3. 含有介詞動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換含有介詞動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句的轉(zhuǎn)換They have never listened to him. 人家從不聽他的話。人家從不聽他的話。表示被動(dòng)意義的主動(dòng)句：表示被動(dòng)意義的主動(dòng)句：Cotton feels soft. 棉花摸上去很柔軟。棉花摸上去很柔軟。Ripe

10、apples pick easily. 熟了的蘋果容易摘下來。熟了的蘋果容易摘下來。He has never been listened to.Mr. Smith was given a book yesterday (by me).【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換1. He teaches English in our school.2. She gave me a book. English is taught in our school by him.I was given a book by her./A book was given to me by h

11、er.口訣口訣1：賓提前變主，主變介by賓，被動(dòng)be加done,時(shí)態(tài)看主動(dòng)?？谠E口訣2：如 遇雙賓語，最好變間賓，如若變直賓，間賓前加to / for (pass, lend, buy, write, bring, show, tell)【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件3. He made me do the work.I was made to do the work by him.口訣口訣3：這些動(dòng)詞真奇怪，主動(dòng)句中to 離開，被動(dòng) 句中to回來.(feel, listen to, hear, let have, make, look at, see, watch)4

12、.They take good care of the baby.The baby is taken good care of by them.注意：含動(dòng)詞詞組的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，須將其看作一個(gè) 整體，不可把它們分隔開來?！咀钚隆恐锌加⒄Z 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件有些情況下動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式也可以表示被動(dòng)意義。有些情況下動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式也可以表示被動(dòng)意義。 一、表示一、表示“開始開始”；“結(jié)束結(jié)束”類的動(dòng)詞。常見類的動(dòng)詞。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有的這類動(dòng)詞有begin, start, open, close, end, finish, stop等。例如：等。例如： School begins in Se

13、ptember. The stores in this area open later at weekends than at weekdays. 【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件二、主語是物，謂語是表示主語特征或?qū)傩缘亩?、主語是物，謂語是表示主語特征或?qū)傩缘膭?dòng)詞。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有動(dòng)詞。常見的這類動(dòng)詞有write, read, wear, wash, clean, sell, run, lock等。這些動(dòng)詞常與副等。這些動(dòng)詞常與副詞或否定詞連用。例如：詞或否定詞連用。例如： The machine runs well. This pen writes quite smoo

14、thly. The bookshelf hardly sells. 【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件三、表示主語狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞：三、表示主語狀態(tài)特征的連系動(dòng)詞：look, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear等。例等。例如：如： Do you like the material? Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is feltCYour idea sounds reasonable. What he said proved to be correc

15、t. 【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件四、動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義四、動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 1. 在在need, require, want(需要需要)等動(dòng)詞后，表等動(dòng)詞后，表示某物示某物(人人)要進(jìn)行要進(jìn)行處理時(shí)，后接動(dòng)名詞處理時(shí)，后接動(dòng)名詞一般式的主動(dòng)形式作賓語表示被動(dòng)意義，相一般式的主動(dòng)形式作賓語表示被動(dòng)意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)式。例如：當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)式。例如： Youve come just in time to help us. Fine, what requires doing? (=Fine, what requires to be done?)

16、This sentence needs _ . A. an improvement B. improve C. improving D. improvedC【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件2. be worth 后接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。后接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。 His suggestion is not worth considering. 五、動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義五、動(dòng)詞不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式有邏輯不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式有邏輯 上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。例如：上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。例如： The next tra

17、in to arrive was from New York. 2. 作定語的不定式與被修飾的名詞或代詞有作定語的不定式與被修飾的名詞或代詞有 邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且句子的主語或間接邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且句子的主語或間接 賓語與該不定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。賓語與該不定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí)。 【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件Please give me something to eat. I have a lot of work to do today. 3. 用在作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的形容詞后面的不用在作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的形容詞后面的不 定式，如果與句子的主語或賓語有動(dòng)賓關(guān)

18、系定式，如果與句子的主語或賓語有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 時(shí)，一般用主動(dòng)形式。例如：時(shí)，一般用主動(dòng)形式。例如： His speech in English was difficult to follow. Do you think him easy to get along with?(間接賓語間接賓語me是是to eat的邏輯主語的邏輯主語) (主語主語I是是to do的邏輯主語的邏輯主語) ( (不定式與賓語有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系不定式與賓語有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系) )(狀語狀語to follow與主語有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系與主語有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件1.It suddenly snowed wh

19、ile Mary _for the bus.A.waited B.waits C.was waiting D.was waited2.A big power station( )_in my home town now.A.has been built B.is being built C.has built D. is building3.Stamps_by people for sending letters. A. use B. using C.used D. are used.4.Must old people_to politely? A. speak B. spoken C. be

20、 spoke D. be spokenCBDD【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件5.Bike mustnt _everywhere. A. be up B. be put C. put C. putting6.The woman fell off the bike and _on the road. A. lay B. was lain C. lied D. has lain7.The old man and the children_in our country.A.must take good care B.must be take good care of C. mu

21、st take good care of D. must be taken good care of 8.Granny Wang told the little children that the sun_From the east. A. has risen B. rise C. rises D. is risen BADC【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件9.All trees must_well when it is dry.A.be water B.watering C.water D.be watered10._I think the shop_._No,its

22、open. It_at six. Asked B. will be asked C. closed; closes D. closes; is closed 11.This bike is made in America. Its_for travelling.A. A.use B.using C.to use D.usedDDD【最新】中考英語 被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解課件 人教新目標(biāo)版 課件1.The key _for locking the classroom door. A.uses B. is used C.is using D.use 2.A new school _over there in two years. A.may built B.may be built C. is built 3. He was made _yesterday. A.cry B.to cry C.crying D.to be cried4.The PRC_on October 1,1949. A.was found B