專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)-131

1、專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)-131總分：100.00 ,做題時(shí)間：90分鐘一、PROOFREADDING & ERROR CORRECT：ION數(shù)：0,分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00二、Passage 1 總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：30.00The reliance on credit reports in hiring is becoming widespread. A survey by the Society for Human Resource Management found that 60% of employers do credit checks for at least some positions.The

2、use of credit checks is growing at time when the 1economy is making it hard for people to keep their records cleanly. 2 Delinquency rates on loans have been arising, according to a report 3 issued last week by the American Bankers Association, driven by a weak job market and rising food and gasoline

3、 price. 4 The biggest flaw with the use of credit checks in employment screening is in that it makes it difficult for many good people who 5 need work to find. Employers who do credit checks operate under 6 the assumption that having had trouble paying bills is a character flaw, but there is scant h

4、ard evidence to back this down. 7 Many credit problems are due to factors outside of a person"s control. Sarah Ford, an attorney with the Lawyers" Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, told a House committee last year which 8credit reports failed to provide insufficient context. "A cr

5、edit 9_report would not explain that a factory worker lost his job when his employer went out of business," she said. Or that "a man"s credit was destroyed so he was the victim of identity theft or a 10 predatory lending scare." Or that "a woman lost her job and her health c

6、overage before developing breast cancer and incurring astronomical medical bills."分?jǐn)?shù)：30.00 解析：Atime-a解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.此處的time是可數(shù)名詞,意為“某個(gè)時(shí)候,前面需加上冠詞.此句 的意思是“經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)使得人們很難保持良好的信用記錄,在這個(gè)時(shí)候檢查信用記錄的做法正不斷開(kāi)展. 注意,at the time 意為“當(dāng)時(shí),那時(shí)候,表過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn),與上下文語(yǔ)境不符,故此處不能用.解析：cleanly fclean解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.此處要用形容詞作keep的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),cleanly作形容詞時(shí),意為

7、“講究清潔的,愛(ài)干凈的,此處與上下文語(yǔ)境不符,故要用形容詞 clean.clean除有表“干凈的, 清潔的 一般意義以外,還有“無(wú)過(guò)失記錄的含義,此處意為“保持良好無(wú)拖欠的信用記錄.解析：arising frising解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.arise意為"出現(xiàn),發(fā)生",rise意為"上升,上漲.此句 的意思是“根據(jù)美國(guó)銀行協(xié)會(huì)上個(gè)星期發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告,受疲軟的就業(yè)市場(chǎng)和上漲的食品和石油價(jià)格的影 響,貸款的不法行為比率一直不斷上升."故此處應(yīng)該用rising .解析：pricefprices解析語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.此處指的是food and gasoline 兩類(lèi)商品的價(jià)格,

8、應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式.解析：in - 解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.此處that引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句,意為“招聘員工時(shí)查看其信用記錄報(bào)告這 一做法最大的缺陷是它使許多善良的需要就業(yè)的人很難找到工作.故不需要in o in that 意為“既然；由于",引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,用法相當(dāng)于 becauseo解析：find A-it解析語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.find是及物動(dòng)詞,需要一個(gè)賓語(yǔ).此處表達(dá)的意思是“使許多善良 的需要工作的人很難找到工作".因此這里 find的賓語(yǔ)是work ,但work已在定語(yǔ)從句 who need work中 出現(xiàn),故此處用it來(lái)指代.解析：doweup解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.back down意為&q

9、uot;放棄對(duì)某事物的要求；屈服",back up意為"支持".此句的意思是“查看信用記錄的雇主認(rèn)為難以支付賬單是一種品德缺陷,但很少有確鑿的證據(jù)來(lái)支持這一 點(diǎn)."故此處應(yīng)該用 back up.解析：which-that解析語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.此處是賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中結(jié)構(gòu)完整,不缺少任何成分,因此用附屬 連詞that來(lái)引導(dǎo),該從句作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞tell的直接賓語(yǔ),that不可以省略.解析：insufficientfsufficient解析語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤.此句謂語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)fail to ,表示“不能,未能,具有否認(rèn)的含義,根據(jù)下文所舉的三個(gè)案例,說(shuō)明信用記錄報(bào)告不能提供充足的

10、背景信息.因此此處應(yīng)改 為sufficient ,意為“充分的,充足的.解析：so-because解析語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤.由上下文語(yǔ)義判斷,句間邏輯關(guān)系是因果關(guān)系,前句說(shuō)一個(gè)人的信 用受損,后句說(shuō)他是身份盜竊或掠奪性貸款詐騙的受害者,后者是前者的原因所在,故用表原因的連詞替 換so.注意,此處不能改為as和since ,雖然兩者都可以表示原因,但所表示的原因都是不言而喻、顯而 易見(jiàn)的,此處的因果關(guān)系并非能直接推斷得出.而for表示自然而然地推斷出原因,此處句意還不夠明顯,故用 because o三、Passage 2 總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：30.00There is no link, whatsoever,

11、 between the producers and users of manpower with the result that institutions of learning, essentially at the secondary, technical, and high levels, are not 1 exactly aware of the end result and use of its manpower output. 2 There has to be a complete synchronization and rapport between the two set

12、s: the producers and the users, happens in most of the 3 countries, including the developing ones. There is no focus on the quality of education in terms of the depth and dimensions of teaching and in terms of syllabi, but technical education does have 4 some quality control. There are rarely any re

13、visions and up gradation of courses either in the light of the changes occurring in the given discipline, nor in terms of the country"s manpower 5 requirements.Higher education is basically financed by the Government and that too without any reference to quality and output. It lacks of 6 philan

14、thropic support either from the Non Government Organizations or from the corporate world. In this era of reforms, the time is not far when higher education, funding entirely by the 7 Government, will be tossed into suddenly free and competitive market with sharply increased government funding. It wi

15、ll then be 8 termed as India"s higher education open market, the initial impact on which will be largely negative. It is anticipated that many 9_institutions at that time will get disintegrated, strangled by the loss of resources, overwhelming demand for resources that they would 10 fail to pro

16、vide, and the receivables they would not be able to recover.分?jǐn)?shù)：30.00 解析：highfhigher解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.high意為"高的",higher作為形容詞意為“高等的",此句的 意思是“教育機(jī)構(gòu),包括中學(xué)教育、技術(shù)教育和高等教育機(jī)構(gòu),故此處應(yīng)該改為higher.解析：its ftheir解析語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.此處指代的是institutions of learning"教育機(jī)構(gòu)",應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故改成their.解析：A happen尸as解析語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.此句前面是there be句

17、型,說(shuō)明勞動(dòng)力生產(chǎn)者和使用者之間要保 持完全同步及和諧關(guān)系,后面說(shuō)在大局部國(guó)家包括開(kāi)展中國(guó)家都發(fā)生了這樣的事情,可見(jiàn)前句是后句發(fā)生 的事情,故后句需要用as引導(dǎo),作定語(yǔ)從句,意為“正如,就像,先行詞是前一句話(huà).解析：butfthough/a代hough解析語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤.從上下文的語(yǔ)義來(lái)判斷,句間的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)為讓步關(guān)系. 前面一句說(shuō)到從教育的深度和寬度和教學(xué)大綱的設(shè)置方面來(lái)看,沒(méi)有關(guān)注教育的質(zhì)量,本句那么說(shuō)技術(shù)教育 確有一定的質(zhì)量限制,前后構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系,故應(yīng)把表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but改為though或a代hough.解析:noror解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.either. or.固定搭配,意為“或者或者",

18、在此句連接兩個(gè)狀語(yǔ),表示“既沒(méi)有根據(jù)某個(gè)特定學(xué)科的變化也沒(méi)有根據(jù)國(guó)家人力資源的要求更改或更新課程. 解析：of-解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.lack在此處作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“缺乏,沒(méi)有",故不需要of.解析：fundingffunded解析語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.此處的分詞用來(lái)作定語(yǔ),修飾 higher education ,二者之間是 被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過(guò)去分詞形式,相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句 which is funded ,故應(yīng)該把現(xiàn)在分詞形式 funding改 為 funded.解析：increased fdecreased/reduced解析語(yǔ)篇錯(cuò)誤.此句前面說(shuō)到現(xiàn)在全部由政府資助的高等教育不 久將進(jìn)入自由的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)市場(chǎng)

19、,意味著高等教育將按市場(chǎng)規(guī)律開(kāi)展,故政府資助將減少而不會(huì)增加,此處應(yīng)該 用 decreased 或 reduced .解析：on-of解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.此句中 which的先行詞是India"s higher education open market ,印 度高等教育開(kāi)放市場(chǎng),從句的主語(yǔ)是the initial impact ,與open market是所屬關(guān)系,故應(yīng)該用表示 所屬關(guān)系的介詞of ,表示“印度高等教育開(kāi)放市場(chǎng)的最初影響. 解析：A overwhelming-an解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.此處demand作名詞,意為"需求",是可數(shù)名詞,且在文 中第一次提到,故需

20、加上冠詞 an.四、Passage 3 總題數(shù)：1,分?jǐn)?shù)：40.00Management jargon can alienate staff and leave bosses looking untrustworthy and weak, according to a survey published on Monday. Managers who spoke of "singing from the same hymn sheet" could find themselves sing solo, the survey said. Workers said such ph

21、rases 1 as "blue sky thinking", "the helicopter view" and "heads up" could lead to alienation and low moral in the office. 2The survey, carried out by YouGov to mark the 15th anniversary of Investors in People, a government-backed training initial, found 37 3 percent of

22、 the 2,900 questioned believed jargon led to mistrust and encouraged a feeling of inadequacy. Bosses seemed oblivious to the dangers, with more than half, believing it to be harmful. That could 4 explain why workers perceived it to be on rise, with nearly 40 percent 5 believing it was increasingly c

23、reeping into office banter. Almost two-thirds of employees would prefer to no jargon at work. Cliches 6 such as "getting our ducks in a row" might just be lining up trouble, though. Nicola Clark, director at Investors in People, said: "Whilst jargon can be useful shorthand at times, m

24、anagers need to be more alert to when and how they use them." 7_Nearly 40 percent of workers surveyed believed jargon betrayed a lack of confidence, but one in five thought those who used it were 8 untrustworthy or trying to cover something up. "Cutting jargon out of everyday communication

25、 is clearly a challenge. Therefore, as our 9_research shows, if used inappropriate, jargon can be an obstacle to 10_understanding, which ultimately can impact on an individual"s performance and an organization"s productivity."分?jǐn)?shù)： 40.00 解析：sing fsinging解析語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤.find sb. do sth. 意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事",do表示屢次動(dòng)作、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程；find sb. doing sth. 意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事",doing表示一次性動(dòng)作或一次性動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行.此句的意思是“那些念著照同一張贊美詩(shī)單子唱歌的治理人員將會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn) 自己是在唱獨(dú)角戲."此處的"唱獨(dú)角戲"應(yīng)該是正在進(jìn)行的一次性動(dòng)作,故應(yīng)改為singing.解析：moralfmorale解析詞匯錯(cuò)誤.moral作名詞意為"教訓(xùn)",而 morale意為“士氣".此處所表 達(dá)的意思是“藍(lán)天思維、直