期刊選讀課堂筆記

1、An introduction of the major English newspaper, print and media1. General information:·When we are talking about the English media, we can not turn a blind eye to American, because 15 out of top 50 media corporations are from America. The top one is Time Warner Inc. the one closely follow up is

2、 The Walt Disney Company- they all from America so we can see how powerful the American Media is.·The Four world-famous international news agency: (四大國際新聞通訊社AP: the Associated Press 美聯(lián)社 (美 國 the biggest news agency in the world UPI: United Press International 合眾國 際社 (美國AFP: Agence France-Presse

3、 法新社 (法國Reuters Group 路透社 (英國·The abbreviation of famous Broadcastingcompany: (世界著名的廣播公司 ABC NEWS (American Broadcasting Company/Australian Broadcasting Company; CBS NEWS (Columbia Broadcasting Company; MSNBC NEWS·Four Best Seller daily newspaper:Wall Street Journal; New York Times; Los An

4、geles Times; Washington Post (Morning Paper -USA Today-The best seller tabloid·Three famous weekly magazine:Time; Newsweek; U.S. News and World Report·Three important Commercial magazine inBusiness Week; Forbes; Fortune- three famous Forbes chart: The Forbes 400 (給美國富豪排名的福布斯 400富豪榜 ; The W

5、orld s Richest People (全 球富豪榜 ; The 100 Top Celebrities ( 給 世界名人排名的福布斯 100名人榜 3. UK·The three major UK s newspaper publishing corporations are: Pearson PLC (皮爾遜公 司 ; Trinity Mirror PLC(三一鏡報(bào)公司 ; Associated Newspapers Ltd(聯(lián)合報(bào)業(yè)公 司·In UK there is clear classification of Broadsheet (高質(zhì)量的大幅報(bào)紙 an

6、d Tabloid (大眾報(bào)之,小報(bào) 。 Times (泰晤士報(bào) -the eldest and most influential nation-wide broadsheet ; Independent (獨(dú)立報(bào) ; Guardian (衛(wèi)報(bào) are considered as the three traditional broadsheet; Times (泰晤士報(bào) ; Guardian (衛(wèi) 報(bào) ; and Daily Telegraph (每日電訊報(bào) are considered as the three most high-quality dailypapers.-Sun (太陽報(bào)

7、is one of the best selling tabloids·The most famous Magazines: The Economist (經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家雜志 ; some other famous magazines like: Spectator (旁觀者 ;·In UK there are also some local newspaper. Take London for example: the London paper; Lite, Metro (I took a copy of Lite here so everybody can borrow it

8、 from meUnit 1 Politics1. C ultural information -Lobbying (page24-26· people who stand in the hallway just off the House and Senate chambers, waiting to meet the legislators are named Lobbyist :A lobbyist is one who works to bring about the passage of laws favorable to theLobbyists may sometime

9、s help in the drafting of a bill. They also keep themembers of their group, and the public in general, well informed on the issues that are important to their organization. what a lobbyist do? They do lobbying: the practice of attempting to persuade members of Congress to support or oppose particula

10、r policies or pieces of legislation. This practice is called·Lobbying exits in not America but also other countries. However, it is a big icon of American politics. Initially it came out due to the conduction of business agents. Today all major interests in the USA such as business, labor, and

11、farmers maintain permanent lobbies at federal and state levels.·Ask student to read paragraph 3,4 on page 24 to find out the targets and the main body of lobbyists·A lobbyist s job is to sway politicians to vote on legislation in a way that favors the interest that the lobbyist represents.

12、 To do this alobbyist has to be very adept in the art of persuasion. Also needed is a very thorough knowledge of the issue at hand. Personal charm, self-confidence are another important elements. There are three classifications for the professional lobbyists. Who are they? Let s look at paragraph 5

13、on page 24.·Basically there are two types of lobbying: grassroots lobbying (基層游說 and Coalition lobbying (聯(lián)合游說 . Who volunteer to read Paragraph 6 &7? Then we can know more about the two lobbying.·Recently a new political organization emerged Political action committee : 政治 行 動(dòng) 委 員 會(huì) /競

14、 選 活 動(dòng) 委 員 會(huì) They are formed by special interests group and aid the congressman for fund raising.·Nowadays in USA, lobbyist is a lawful career, lobbyists have already established an organization of their own-American League of Lobbyists.·While being a lobbyist is not that easy although the

15、re is no specific college degree that a person must have to be a lobbyist. Areas of study for people that are interested in a career in lobbying are communications, economics, English, history, international affairs, political science, public affairs, and public relations.A person who is in college

16、and interested in lobbying should think about getting an internship, either during the school year or over the summer. Types of internships that would be beneficial are in a congressional office, a government agency or with a lobbying firm.2. Cultural information-American presidential election:·

17、;The political system of USA is on the basis of three main principles:Federalism, the separation of powers, respect for the constitution and the rule of law. separation of powers is being exercised in many capitalist countries with the system of Checks and Balances. The powers are divided into three

18、 branches:The Executive-the president/premier The Judicial-the Supreme CourtThe legislative- US Congress Senate 參議院 the House of Representatives 眾議院The Parliament of UK The House of Lords 上議院 The House of Commons下議院Two-party system dominates America s politics Democratic Party Republican PartyTwo po

19、litical parties in UK Labor PartyConservative Party·Principle: elections are founded on the principle that the power to govern rests in the hands of the people. In USA, elections are held at federal, state and local levels, and the most important of all is the national presidential election with the purpose to choose the president and vice president of the country.The Const