短文改錯解題技巧

1、2015高考英語短文改錯題答題技巧短文改錯解題思路和檢查原則:1.句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，特別是每個句子要有動詞 2.謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài) 3.非謂語動詞的用法；4. 名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，格的使用是否正確5. 定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確6. 代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤7. 定語從句中關(guān)系代詞、副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無誤8. 并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。短文改錯解題四原則: 改動以最少為原則； 虛詞以添加或刪除為原則 實(shí)詞以改變詞形為原則 以保持句子原意為原則。短文改錯解題步驟:通讀全文,掌握大意；整句分析,逐行推敲；反復(fù)通讀,復(fù)查驗(yàn)證。解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng):1.核對錯項(xiàng)時，若的

2、確有一時難以改出的地方，可以參考所改動項(xiàng)是否基本符合 的比例。即多一詞 1個，缺詞1個，錯詞8個。2.核對改正的語法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e往往覆蓋面廣，一般不會出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個語法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。3.核對答題符號是否規(guī)范，位置是否準(zhǔn)確，看看有無遺漏符號，忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問 題。短文改錯常見錯誤類型:1.謂語動詞的錯誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，常見動詞錯誤類型有 一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時錯用：and前后動詞時態(tài)不一致；主謂不一致；缺少動詞，特別是be動詞；第三 人稱單數(shù)形式錯用：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)錯用。They did not want me to do any work at home; t

3、hey want me to devote all my time to my studies.(did 改為 do)As we climbed the mountain, we fed mon keys, visit ing temples and told stories. (visit ing 改為 visited)There will an imp orta nt game n ext mon th. (will后加be)One eve ning she told me that someth ing happened whe n her parents wasout. ( was w

4、ere)2.名詞的常見錯誤：單復(fù)數(shù)名詞錯用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯用。改為I ' ll get good marks in all mysubject.(subject 改為 subjects)Their word were a great en courageme nt to me.(word改為words)Without eno ugh kno wledges, you can n ever teach well.(k no wledges改為 knowledge)3.連詞錯誤連詞包括關(guān)系代詞、副詞，并列連詞and/ or/but等。關(guān)于連詞，一般考查從句關(guān)系who/whom/wh

5、ose/what/which/how/why/whe n/where/if/whether等。I have a good friend who's name is Liu Me用了 who的所有格形式，改為whose)此處應(yīng)該是并列的關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)I teach them, p lay with them, but watch them grow ing up.( 折，but改為and)Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as 意為 盡管”，不能再跟 but 連用，所以去掉 but)4.冠詞錯誤：誤用 a和an（根據(jù)單詞的第一個音素來判定）;

6、誤用a/an和the（固定搭配，或改為the , thesame是固定搭配）泛指、特指；多冠詞或少冠詞）.We maybe one family and live un der a same roof. （aAs every one kno ws, it ' s famous mountain with all kinds ofpan ts. （mountain 是可數(shù)名詞需 用冠詞，所以其前加a）感官性動詞wonderful 修I hope you have pleasant journey.（journey是可數(shù)名詞，故 have 后力口 a）5.形容詞和副詞錯誤：系動詞后用形容詞

7、（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/smell/feel）;詞性的誤用（形容詞修飾名詞；副詞修飾動詞、形容詞 ）。I ' m sure we ' ll have a wonderfully time together. （time 是名詞所以要用形容詞 飾）My pronunciation was terribly.（was 后用形容詞， terribly 改為 terrible.）錯誤;反身代詞使用錯誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯6.代詞錯誤：代詞的主格和賓格（I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them ）（

8、myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves） 誤;代詞指代錯誤；多代詞或少代詞。前加it）Soon I bega n to enjoy talk ing to myself on paper as I was lear ning to exp ress me in simple English. （me 改為 myself）One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.（toIf anyone of us had any difficulty in our life

9、and study, the other wouldhe Ip him out. （other 后加s）What' smore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. （him 改為 them）后需接動名詞，talk改為talking）7.非謂語動詞的常見錯誤：不定式、動名詞作主語、賓語時 ；and連接的不定式或動名詞前 后不一致（尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時）;介詞后用動名詞形式作賓語；某些動詞后要求接動名詞或不定 式。Soon I bega n to enjoy talk to myself on pa

10、per, （enjoy作主語，應(yīng)改為介詞后用But his parents think go to college is more imp orta nt tha n p lay ing sp orts.（go goin g）Childre n may not devel op the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves.（ 動名詞形式作賓語，read改為reading）saw改為I p articularly enjoyed drivi ng through the coun tryside with you and saw the cha nging colors of the leaves on the trees. （and連接的不定式或動名詞前后不一致，故see ing）8.介詞錯誤：詞組中的介詞誤用；介詞意思理解偏差；介詞的多用或少用.There are t