情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must,can,could,may,might表推測(cè)的用法

1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 must, can, could, may, might都表推測(cè)。其中must的表推測(cè)的用法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的 must, can, could, may, might可能性最大，can / could 次之，may / might最小。具體用法如下:1. must的用法（1 ）表示推測(cè)“可能性”時(shí)，意思是“一定、準(zhǔn)是”語(yǔ)氣較肯定, 較有把握。He must be America n. = It is certa in that he is America n.準(zhǔn)是個(gè)美國(guó)人。（2）must表推測(cè)只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思時(shí)，應(yīng)用cant,如詢問(wèn)某

2、種可能時(shí)，應(yīng)用can。He must know my address.他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）He cant know my address.他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Can he know my address?他知道我的地址嗎？（詢問(wèn)可能性）（3） must表示推測(cè)時(shí)，可以推測(cè)現(xiàn)在/正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作/過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。He must have a car now.（現(xiàn)在）他一定有輛小汽車。（正在進(jìn)行）He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.他一定在教室里做練習(xí)。He must have fini shed the work.（過(guò)

3、去發(fā)生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must表示推測(cè)時(shí)很少用于將來(lái)的情況。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用 Its certain / Im sure that he will come tomorrow.（4）在反意疑問(wèn)句中，當(dāng)附屬部分含有表示推測(cè)意義的must時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與must后面的動(dòng)詞在非推測(cè)情況下的用法保持一致。He must be a worker, is nt he?（現(xiàn)在）他準(zhǔn)時(shí)個(gè)工人，是嗎?It must have rained last ni ght, did nt it?(過(guò)去)昨晚一定下雨了，是不是?You must have lear

4、ned En glish for many years, have nt you?(完成時(shí))你一定學(xué)了好多年英語(yǔ)，是嗎?2. can / could的用法(1)can表示推測(cè)“可能性”時(shí),往往用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。Cant “一定不”語(yǔ)氣很肯定。can在疑問(wèn)句中意思是“會(huì)、可能”He cant be at home. = It is imp ossible that he is at home.他一定不在家。(2) can /cant后可接進(jìn)行時(shí)/完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行推測(cè)。They cant be read ing in the library.他們一定不在圖書館讀書

5、。He cant have gone to Shan ghai for I saw him a minute ago.他不可能去了上海，我剛才還看見(jiàn)他。Its so late. Where can she have gone?天晚了，她可能去哪兒了呢？(3)在反意疑問(wèn)句中，當(dāng)陳述部分含有表示推測(cè)意義的cant時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與cant后面的動(dòng)詞在非推測(cè)情況下的用法保持一致He cant be a teacher, is he?他不是教師，是嗎?She cant have fini shed her homework, has she?她一定沒(méi)有完成家庭作業(yè)，是不是?(4) could可用

6、于表示某事有可能發(fā)生或可能是事實(shí)。Dont eat it. It could be poisonous.不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be delayed by fog.飛機(jī)可能會(huì)因?yàn)殪F晚點(diǎn)。(5) could還可以用于表示客氣、委婉、禮貌的請(qǐng)求語(yǔ)氣。Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus stati on? Could you help me?(6) could nt表示否定推測(cè)，表示某事不可能真實(shí)，或由于特定事實(shí)或環(huán)境這不可能是毒藥。某事肯定不會(huì)發(fā)生。It could nt p ossibly be poison

7、.你真是大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)。注：有時(shí)與形容詞的比較級(jí)連用強(qiáng)調(diào)某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某種屬性。You could nt be more wrong.I could nt be happ ier.我簡(jiǎn)直是幸福極了。3. may 和might的用法(1) may, might表示推測(cè)“可能性”時(shí)，思是“可能”、“也許”語(yǔ)氣沒(méi)有must上宀 冃疋。He may / might be American. = It is possiblethat he is American.他可能是個(gè)美國(guó)人。注：might不表示過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，只是語(yǔ)氣上比 may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。(2) may, might表推測(cè)時(shí)，可

8、以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也許不”，但不用于疑問(wèn)句。He may / might not be at home.他也許不在家。(3) may, might可以推測(cè)現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。He may / might be slee ping now.(現(xiàn)在)他可能正在睡覺(jué)。The boy may / might not be watchi ng TV at home.(現(xiàn)在)這個(gè)男孩可能沒(méi)在家看電視These stude nts may / might have see n the film before.(過(guò)去)這些學(xué)生以前可能看過(guò)這部電影。(4)may, might還可以推

9、測(cè)將來(lái)的情況。I think we should take rain coat with us, it may rain.她今天下午可能不來(lái)了。我想我們應(yīng)該帶上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this after noon.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí)40題從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。No，in fact I1.Are you in a hurry ？ve got plenty of time. I ait.A. mustB. n eedC.mayD.should2. Some one is knocking at the door.it b

10、e VenisNo，it be hershe left for New York this morni ng.A.Can ；must n tB.Might ; can tC.May ；doesn tD.Can ; can t3.He didnt agree with me at fir，tbut Ip ersuade him to sig n the agreeme ntlater.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.was able to4. Is there a movie on in the cin ema toni ghtTherebe. I will phone the

11、cin ema and find it out.A.mightB.shouldC.ca nD.could5.Yoube careful whe n you cross hereA.ca nB.ought toC.mightthe traffic lights arenD.mayt work ing.6.Youout last ni ght. I called you several timesbut n obody an swered.A.must have bee nB.must beA. shallB. couldC.mustD.shouldt study harde8.Whe n I w

12、as study ing at Beiji ng Uni versitytake a walk along thelake every evening.A.willB.wouldC.couldD.shall9.The p arty turned out to be a failure. I would ratherA.not have atte ndedB.not atte ndit.C.not to atte ndD.not to have atte nded1O.Sir , yoube sitt ing in this seat. It is for wome n or childre n

13、 only.A.ca nC.w onB.ought nD.neednt toD.could beC. might have bee n7.Youfail to p ass the entrance exam in atio n if you don11. Shall I tell Li Mi ng about the matterNo, you.He has known about it already.A.ought nt toB.n eed nD.must nC. shouldn12. Must I take a busNo, you.You can walk there.A. must

14、notB.d onC.dont have toD.had better not to13. Why do you make me do so ?I am sorry that youdo such a thi ng.A.wouldB.canC.shouldD.may14. Will you stay for lunchSorry , I.My brother is coming to see me.A.mustnt B.ca nt C.n eed nt D.wonas far as the riverba nk15.What would have happenedA.if Bob has wa

15、lked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. should Bob walk fartherwhe n you washed it.16.0h , Jane , you ve broken another glass. You oughtA.be carefulC.have cared17.It s high time weto the the ater.A.will go B.shall go C.are going toB.to careD.to have bee n carefulD.we nt1

16、8. Could I use your tele phone?Yes , of course youA.couldB.willC.ca nD.might19.It s stra nge that theynothing about this matter.A.should knowB.would knowC.had knownD.k new20. Do you still remember the day whe n we went to the Great WallI can t remember it w,ll butsometime last autumn?A.might it beB.

17、could it have bee nC.could it beD.must it have bee n21. I can t get through to the gen eral man ager The line is busy. Some onethe tele phone.A.must useB.uses s office an yhow.C.must have bee n usingD.must be usingotherwise we will be late.22.He suggests weto the cin ema at onceD.would goA.must goB.

18、go C.will go23.If only heme yesterday!A.had see nB.would see C.should see D.saw24.If youwait a mome ntI ll go and find our manager.A.ca nB.shouldC.willD.must25. It is rather cold here. Shall we light a fireNo,webecause things are easy to catch fire.A.w on tB.ca n tC.must nD.n eed n26.lf I _ youImore

19、 atte nti on to En glish idioms and p hrases.A.was ; shall payB.am; will payC.would be ; would payD.were ; would pay27. Would you have told him the an swer had it bee n po ssibleI would have , but Iso busy the n.A.had bee nB.wereC.wasD.would be28. Ca n childre n swim in this pool ?Yes. However ,at n

20、o timethey do so by themselves.A.dareC.n eedB.shouldD.could29.K unming is calledSp bagiCitysnow in win ter.A.shallB.ca nC.mustD.might30. What s the matter with you ?Oh, Im not feeli ng well in the stomach. Iso much fried fish just now.A.should nC.shouldnt eathaveteate nB.mustnD.must nt have eate nt

21、eat31. You look so up set. What s wrong with youThe door. Can you help me ?A.w on t open C.ca n t openB.w on t be openedD.ca n t be opened32. Mum , I climbed to get the Teddy Bear from the top of the shelf.My goodness ! Youyourself. You mustnt do that n ext time.A.must have hurtC.may have hurt33.Chi

22、ldre n un der 12 years of age in that country whe n he is in a p ublic library.A.mustB.mayB.should have hurtD.ca n have hurtbe un der adult sup ervisi onC.canD.n eed34.“ The interestbe divided into five parts, according to the agreement madeby both sides ,” declared the judge.A.may35. I donYou . IA.

23、mustnB.shouldC.mustD.shallt mind telli ng you what I know. m not ask ing you for it.t B.may notC.cant D.needn36. Mum , I ve been studying English since 8 oclock.I go out and p lay withTom for a while ?No,I m afraid not. Besides , it s raining outside now.A.CanB.WouldnC.Dare notD.Wo n 37. Who is the

24、girl sta nding over thereWell , if youknowher n ame is Mabel.B.ca nC.mustD shallA.may38.The driver has drunk too much wine and dan gerous thingshappen at anytime.A.shouldB.ca nC.mustD.n eed39.Webooked. Lookthis restaura nt is almost empty.A.must haveB.ca nt haveC.should haveD.n eed nt have4O.Liste n

25、! The fire engine is roari ng. Therebe a fire somewhere.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.ought to【答案及部分解析】1 5CDDAB6 10 AABAB11 15 BCCBC16 20DDCAB21 25 DBACC26 30 DCBBC31 35 ACADD36 40ACADB1. may表示可以”2. can用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，表示可能性的推測(cè)。can 表示不可能”3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和be able to都可表示能力。當(dāng)表示過(guò)去成功地做了某事”時(shí)，常用was (were ) able to。4. 由下文的 I wi

26、ll phone the cinema and find it out可知此處應(yīng)用 might。may或might用在肯定句中，表示可能性的推測(cè)。5. ought to 表示勸告。6.題意為 我昨天晚上打了幾次電話都沒(méi)有人接，你一定是出去了” must have done常用來(lái)表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生情況的肯定推測(cè)。7. shall用于第二人稱或第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話者的意愿，有命令、警告、威脅、強(qiáng)制、允諾和決心之意。此題用shall，表示警告”8.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would可以表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。與used to相比，would不含有現(xiàn)在已無(wú)此習(xí)慣”的意義。9.題意為那次聚會(huì)以失敗告終，我寧愿沒(méi)參加”

27、would rather （ not）have done 表示的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況。10.由題意可知，此處應(yīng)用oughtn11.由 he has known about it already可知，此處應(yīng)用need n ，表示 沒(méi)有必要”12. don t hav表示 不必”13. should常用在形容詞 sorry ，anxious， happy，delighted 等后接的that從句中,表示竟，會(huì)”等意義。15.had Bob walked farther 相當(dāng)于 if Bob had walked farther。在虛擬條件狀語(yǔ)從句 中，省略if時(shí)要把had， should， were等

28、提到句首。16. ought to have done 表示 過(guò)去本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做到”17.“(high S或about) time后所接從句時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式。18.問(wèn)句中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could表示委婉客氣。19.題意為他們竟然對(duì)此事一無(wú)所知，真令人奇怪”“It s strangBDSsible.+that從句”的句型中，從句謂語(yǔ)常用“should動(dòng)詞原形”。20. can ( could)have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生情況的可能性推測(cè)，常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句 中。21. must be doing表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生情況的肯定推測(cè)。22. suggest ， order ，

29、dema nd， request等表示建議或命令等的動(dòng)詞后接賓語(yǔ)從句,從句謂語(yǔ)常用“ should （常省略）+動(dòng)詞原形”23. if only 表示但愿”如果表示現(xiàn)在的愿望，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去式；如果表示將來(lái)的愿望，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用“would （could ） +動(dòng)詞原形”；如果表示過(guò)去的愿望，句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用“ had過(guò)去分詞”24. will表示愿意”25. mustn 表示t禁止”。26.表示與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)常用 “ wouldcould，should， might+動(dòng)詞原形”27. had it been possible 相當(dāng)于 if it had

30、been possible 。but 分句是描述當(dāng)時(shí)的事實(shí), 故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。28. at no time （在任何時(shí)候都不） 位于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。 should表示 應(yīng) 該”29.此處用can表示一時(shí)之可能”。31. The door won這門0打e不開(kāi)。will表示 功能”可譯為 能，行”。又如：Eachclassroom will seat 60 stude nts.每間教室能容納60名學(xué)生。32. may （ might） have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生情況的可能性推測(cè),常用于肯定句中。33.題意為：在那個(gè)國(guó)家12歲以下的兒童在公共圖書館時(shí)必須（must ）有成年人

31、監(jiān)護(hù)。”34.由judge （法官）一詞可斷定，此處有強(qiáng)制、命令的語(yǔ)氣，故填shall。36.此處句意為：難道我不能（can 出去和湯姆玩一會(huì)兒?jiǎn)?38. should表示很可能”。39. needn t have表示e本來(lái)不需要做某事而事實(shí)上已經(jīng)做了”。40. must be表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生情況的肯定推測(cè)。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)習(xí)題-情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1()1 Johncome to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. canC. has to D. must()2 Theydo well in the exam.A. can be able t

32、o B. be able toC. can able to D. are able to()3 -May I take this book out?-No, youA. cant B. may not C. n eed nt D. arent()4 Yougo and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would ()5 -Ca n you sp eak Japan ese?-No, IA. must nt B. cant C. n eed nt D. may not2( ) 1 -

33、Hebe in the classroom, I think.-No, hebe in the classroom. I saw him go home a mi nute ago.A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; must nt ()2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?-Tha nks, but you, Ive had eno ugh.A. may not B. must not C. cant D. n eed nt ()3 Eve n the top stude n

34、ts in our class cant work out this p roblem, so it be very difficult.A. may B. must C. can D. n eed()4 He isnt at school. I thi nk hebe ill.A. can B. shall C. must D. has to()5I take this one?A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do3( ) 1 The childrenp lay football on the road.A. cant B. can C. must nt D. must()

35、2 Yoube late for school aga in n ext time.A. must nt B. n eed ntC. dont have to D. dont n eed to ()3 -Must I do my homework at on ce?-No, youA. n eed nt B. must nt C. cant D. may not4( ) 1 His arm is all right. Hego and see the doctor.A. has not to B. dont have toC. have nt to D. does nt have to()2 He had to give up the plan,he?A. did B. did nt C. does D. does nt()3 They had to walk here,they?A. must nt B. did C. did nt D. had nt5( ) 1 He had better stay here,he?A. did nt B. dont C. had nt D. is nt()2 Youd betterlate next time.A. not to be B. not be C. wo nt