高速車輛論文高速車輛動力學性能評價方法研究

1、高速車輛論文：高速車輛動力學性能評價方法研究【中文摘要】近年來,我國高速鐵路得到了飛速發(fā)展,這對車輛系統(tǒng)動力學性能提出了越來越高的要求。如何提高車輛的運動穩(wěn)定性、運行平穩(wěn)性和曲線通過性能,是研制高速列車的關鍵,其中橫向運動穩(wěn)定性作為列車安全運行的首要問題之一,一直為人們所關注。一旦車輛系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了蛇行失穩(wěn),運行品質將急劇惡化,運行平穩(wěn)性大大降低,并導致輪軌間強烈的相互作用,對線路造成嚴重危害,甚至會引發(fā)脫軌。因此,對高速車輛橫向穩(wěn)定性的評定具有極為重要的意義。我國高速鐵路技術水平已經達到了世界領先水平,然而,要想成為真正的高速鐵路強國,除了需要加強高速列車基礎理論研究和提升技術創(chuàng)新能力以外,必須

2、建立完善的高速列車設計規(guī)范和標準體系,而動力學性能的評價標準體系關系到高速列車運行的舒適、安全和可靠,必須盡快加以完善。本文就是針對高速車輛系統(tǒng)動力學性能的評價問題開展深入的研究。本文用SIMPACK軟件建立了高速車輛非線性動力學模型,為了便于進行不同速度下的車輛系統(tǒng)橫向穩(wěn)定性分析,通過改變抗蛇行減振器參數(shù)事先設定了三種工況。采用極限環(huán)評判方法得到對應的蛇行失穩(wěn)臨界速度分別為251km/h、301km/h和351km/h,同時應用TSI L84構架加速度幅值、UIC515構架加速度幅值、構架和輪對加速度均方根值以及輪軌導向力均方根值五種方法進行三種工況橫向穩(wěn)定性的評判,并得到了相應的臨界速度值

3、。結果表明,采用TSI L84構架加速度幅值評判得到的臨界速度高于極限環(huán)方法,而采用輪軌導向力均方根值、構架和輪對加速度均方根值和UIC515構架加速度幅值評判得到的臨界速度在速度高時往往要低于極限環(huán)方法,其中采用輪軌導向力均方根值評判得到的臨界速度對于工況二和工況三最低。對于TSI L84標準規(guī)定的構架加速度幅值評判方法,通過仿真分析,建議將其濾波頻率3-9Hz改進為2-9Hz,以覆蓋低于3Hz的蛇行失穩(wěn)頻率,使評判結果更加準確。最后,對高速車輛蛇行失穩(wěn)后的脫軌安全性和運行平穩(wěn)性進行了分析。采用運行平穩(wěn)性指標、舒適度指標和振動加速度進行了高速車輛運行平穩(wěn)性的評定,并進行了各方法的對比分析。進

4、行了高速車輛運行安全性的評定,并對脫軌系數(shù)、輪重減載率、輪軌垂向力和橫向力等評價指標進行了對比分析?！居⑽恼縃igh-speed railway in China has been developing rapidly for the last few years, and higher dynamic performance is required for the vehicles as the speed increases. How to raise vehicle running stability and improve ride comfort and curving perf

5、ormance is very important for the development of high-speed trains, among which the lateral stability, one of the key factors for safe operation, is paid high attention by researchers. Once the vehicle hunting motion appears, the quality of operation will be worsen sharply and the ride performance w

6、ill be affected. Further, serious wheel/rail interaction may cause track or even derailment. Therefore, it is of great significance to evaluate the lateral stability of high-speed vehicles.The technologies of high-speed railways in China now are in the global leading positions. However, in order to

7、become the real power for high speed railways, except to strengthening the basic research and raising of the technology innovating ability for high speed trains, we must establish an entire set of criterion and standard regulations for the design of high speed trains. While the evaluation standards

8、for the dynamic performance of high speed trains, which are related to the comfortability, safety and reliability of high speed train operation, should be completed as soon as possible. Therefore, detailed research is conducted in this thesis in accordance with the evaluation problems of the dynamic

9、 performance of high speed vehicles.The nonlinear dynamic model of a high speed vehicle is set up by SIMPACK software. Three working conditions are determined in advance through changing the parameters of the anti-hunting dampers in order to conveniently analyzing the vehicle lateral stability at di

10、fferent speeds. By applying the limit cycle evaluation method, the corresponding hunting critical speeds for the three working conditions are calculated as 251,301,351km/h. Meanwhile, the methods of standard TSI L84 bogie frame acceleration amplitude, UIC515 bogie frame acceleration amplitude, bogie

11、 frame and wheelset acceleration RMS, sum of guiding forces RMS are used to evaluate the lateral stability of the vehicle system and the corresponding critical speeds are obtained. For the method of bogie frame acceleration amplitude regulated in standard TSI L84, it is suggested that the frequency

12、filtering range 3-9Hz should be modified to 2-9Hz to cover the hunting frequencies lower than 3Hz in order to get more accurate evaluation results. Finally, the derailment safety and ride quality of the vehicle system after the loss of stability are investigated.The ride quality of high speed vehicl

13、e is evaluated by using the ride index, ride comfort and vibration acceleration methods, and the evaluation results are compared for different methods. The running safety is also evaluated by the indices of derailment coefficient, wheel load reduction, wheel/rail vertical and lateral forces.【關鍵詞】高速車

14、輛 橫向穩(wěn)定性 標準 安全性 平穩(wěn)性【英文關鍵詞】high speed vehicle lateral stability criterion safety ride quality【目錄】高速車輛動力學性能評價方法研究摘要6-8Abstract8-9第1章 緒論12-251.1 論文選題背景及研究意義12-131.2 車輛系統(tǒng)動力學發(fā)展概況13-151.3 國內外動力學性能評判標準15-231.3.1 安全性評價指標15-191.3.2 平穩(wěn)性評價指標19-231.4 本文主要工作23-25第2章 車輛系統(tǒng)動力學建模25-372.1 車輛系統(tǒng)主要結構和參數(shù)25-262.2 車輛系統(tǒng)動力學模型

15、26-322.2.1 模型的處理26-272.2.2 模型的自由度27-282.2.3 軌道不平順28-292.2.4 模型非線性及處理29-312.2.5 SIMPACK建模31-322.3 確定計算工況32-352.3.1 蛇行臨界速度定義32-332.3.2 計算工況的確定33-352.4 本章小結35-37第3章 蛇行運動穩(wěn)定性評價方法研究37-553.1 TSI L84構架橫向振動加速度幅值方法37-393.2 UIC515構架橫向振動加速度幅值方法39-403.3 構架加速度均方根值方法40-423.4 輪對加速度均方根值方法42-443.5 輪軌導向力之和均方根值方法44-453.6 TSI L84帶通濾波頻率研究45-503.6.1 蛇行頻率分析45-493.6.2 用2-9Hz帶通濾波頻率評判橫向穩(wěn)定性49-503.7 五種評價方法對比分析50-543.8 本章小結54-55第4章 運行平穩(wěn)性方法研究55-714.1 運行平穩(wěn)性指標評價方法及分析55-614.2 運行舒適度指標評價方法及分析61-634.3