Culturalrelics-詞匯講解學(xué)案

1、l.rare 稀少的，罕見的；珍貴的；三分熟 辨析：易混詞辨析例句rare通常指罕見而有價(jià)值的事物。He replaced the rare vase with/ by a false one.scare主要指有用的一般事物， 但目前 數(shù)量不夠。Water is scare in the desert.un com mon/unu sual指因不經(jīng)常發(fā)生而值得注意的 事物。It ' s no Ion geruncommon/unusual for a girl totake part in the games now.2. valuable adj.有很大價(jià)值的，貴重的，有用的；n.貴

2、重物品This is a valued gift though it is hardlyvaluable .主觀上 valued 的東西，客觀上不一定 valuable。3. survive(1) vi.繼續(xù)生存或存在e.g. Many stra nge customs have survived from earlier times.(2) vt.經(jīng)歷某遭遇后幸存；幸免于；從(困境等中)挺過來He told me only a few soldiershad survived the war .在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中幸存下來。(survive )(3) vt.比長(zhǎng)壽；比活得長(zhǎng)e.g. The man su

3、rvived his sister by three years.4.i n search of 尋找，在句中常作目的狀語或表語。search sth./sp./sb.搜查某物、某處、某人 search for/after 尋找，探究 search for 尋找search int調(diào)查，研究 search out 搜查出，探出 search through 把仔細(xì)搜尋一遍search的賓語是搜尋的范圍，search for的賓語是搜尋的對(duì)象。5.amaz ing辨析：易混詞辨析例句amaze驚愕；含有驚嘆；佩服之意。Fare' s perfect voice amazedme.surp

4、rise“驚訝”“出乎意料”；是“吃驚”的普 通用詞。語氣較弱。It surprised me that you sang this song so well.ast onish“使十分驚訝”“試大吃一驚” (=surprise sb. very much),語氣較 強(qiáng)，含難以置信之意。She ast oni shed us by say ing she was leavi ng.shock使“震驚”；多用來指重大的事情使人為I was shocked by what had之一震，有大為驚訝之意( =surprise sb. greatly ),語氣最強(qiáng)。happened.6.selects

5、elect sb./sth.as選某人、某物作為select sb./sth. from從中選出某人、某物selective選擇性的，有選擇的selected 精選的(newly-selected )辨析：易混詞辨析例句select“精選”；是指從同類事物中 的許多東西中仔細(xì)辨別后選 擇，挑選最合適的。I selected some exercises.choose“選擇”。是“選擇”的最普 通的用詞。You can choose one from these chalks.pick“挑選”；挑剔和苛刻地選 擇，多指選有形的東西。Will you help me pick some straw

6、berries?7. desgi n v. & n.be desig ned to do 目的是做be designed for sb./sth.打算給某人用、打算作某物用介詞for常用于表示用途、對(duì)象等，后接名、代或 V ingbe desig ned as sth.打算當(dāng)作某物desig n doin g/to do 打算做make desig ns for 為設(shè)計(jì)by desig n 故意地=by inten ti on/on purposehave desig ns on企圖占有；對(duì)不懷好心8. fa ncy adj. vt. & n.(1) 奇特的，花樣的，花哨的e.

7、g. a fancy meal想象，揣測(cè)，假想fancy + that clause 以為 fancy (one ' s) doing sth. 想象(某人)做某事fancy sb. (to be)/as認(rèn)為某人(是)n.愛好，喜愛，迷戀have a fancy that感至 U, 揣測(cè) have a fancy for 喜歡take a fancy to變得喜歡take/catch one ' s fancy 弓丨起某人的喜歡(4)Fancy your talking like that!fancy常用于表驚嘆的句子，意為“沒想到，竟然”9. decorate v.(1) 裝

8、飾，裝潢decorate sth. with. (主動(dòng))用裝飾be decorated with sth.被用某物裝飾with表示所使用的工具或方式eg:They docorate the Christmas tree with lights.We see with our eyes and hear with our ears.Write your n ames with a pen,not with a pen cil.粉刷；油漆；糊墻紙點(diǎn)綴；裝點(diǎn) 授給(某人)勛章或獎(jiǎng)?wù)耫ecorate sb. for sth.10. belo ng(1) 應(yīng)在(某處)e.g. Where do thes

9、e cigarettes bel ong?(2) 適應(yīng)；合得來e.g. He doesn ' t feel as if he belongs here.bel ong to(1)屬于某人，歸某人所有e.g. Who does this golde n ring bel ong to?(事件、比賽等中某人)獲勝，最受歡迎e.g. The film“the Message ” belonged to the award ceremony.(3) 是俱樂部；組織等的成員屬于Professor Williams keeps telli ng his stude nts that the fut

10、ureto thewell-educated.A. bel ongs B. is bel on ged C. is bel onging D. will be bel on gedbelong to既無被動(dòng)形式，也不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。to為介詞，可跟名詞或代詞作賓語?？捎糜赩-ing形式作后置定語Eg:l don ' t know any members belonging to that club.Diao Yu Island,belonging to China,is off the north coast of Taiwan.11. in return作為回報(bào)，回過來，單獨(dú)作狀語Eg

11、:I wish I could do someth ing for you in retur n.I gave him a prese nt.l n retur n,he gave me nothing.He wan ted nothing in retur n.in return for 作為對(duì)某事的回報(bào)，作為對(duì)的報(bào)答；為答謝；作為的交換eg:I bougt him a drink in retur n for his help.12. c on sider(1) 仔細(xì)考慮，細(xì)想con sider + n./doin g/wh- + to do/that-clause(2) 認(rèn)為；以為；覺得

12、e.g. He considers it a great honor to give a speech during the meeting.con sider + that-clause/(to be/as) + n ./adj./賓語 + 賓補(bǔ)(3) 體諒，考慮到，顧及You should consider other peoplebefore you act.應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮至務(wù)寸人( consider )端詳；注視e.g. He stood there, con sideri ng the girl.13. at war 介詞+名詞(表狀態(tài))at peace at breakfast at t

13、able at rest at the pia noon show on sale on firein trouble in dan ger un der discussi on un der con struct ion14. remove vt .(1)移走；移開；移動(dòng)；搬開(+from/to )e.g. I removed the box to ano ther desk.除掉，清楚e.g. I removed the mud from my shoes.(3) 脫下(衣服等)e.g. I removed my glasses. 把免職；撤去(+from )e.g. He was rem

14、oved from the post.15.less than辨析:短語符號(hào)意義less tha nV少于not less tha n=at (the)least不少于，至少no less tha n=和一樣，不少于(強(qiáng)調(diào)多)more tha n>多于；不僅僅not more tha n=at (the)mostw不多于，不超過，至多no more tha n=僅僅(強(qiáng)調(diào)少)16. woode n adj.(1) 木制的，木頭的(2) 木頭似的；死板的；呆板的；木納的e.g. The act playing the father was too wooden.-en后綴(1) 由制成(構(gòu)

15、成的)；像一樣的(用在名詞后構(gòu)成形容詞)golde n, woole n, earthe n(2) 使；使成為；變得(用于形容詞之后構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞)blacke n, sadde n, broade n, wide n17. doubthave (no) doubt(s) about sth.對(duì)某事(不)確信have no doubt(s) that 相信have doubt(s) whether 懷疑(是否)There is no doubt about sth. 對(duì)某事有把握There is no doubt that 無疑, that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。in doubt 不肯定的；不確定的with

16、out doubt無疑地；確實(shí)地make no doubt(of)(對(duì))毫不懷疑throw(cast) doubt on( upo n)使(某人)對(duì)產(chǎn)生懷疑doubt whether 懷疑doubt sth./sb.懷疑某事、某人18. worth(1) adj.值得的；相當(dāng)于的價(jià)值的e.g. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.He gave out a suggestion which was not worth considering .不值得考慮的。(worth,consider )a. worth后可接"錢數(shù)”或一些名詞、

17、動(dòng)名詞，接動(dòng)名詞時(shí)可用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。b. worth 不可用very修飾，可以用 well 。(2) n.價(jià)值；作用；重要性辨析：易混詞辨析例句worth指從精神、文化方面產(chǎn)生的價(jià) 值。The true worth ofShakespeare' s plays can ' t be measured by their commercial value to the theater.value指認(rèn)為某事、某物是否有用或有 重要的價(jià)值。易混詞辨析worthbe worth + n ./do ingworthy后常接 of being done 或 to be done 或 sth.worthwhile常用結(jié)構(gòu)為：It ' s worthwhile t o do/doing sth.It is worth consideringwhat makes “convenience ”foods so popular, andbetterones of you