電氣裝備實驗二電氣裝備計算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計

1、專業(yè)：電氣工程與自動化姓名： _ _學(xué)號： 日期： 2015.6 地點： 教二115 實驗報告課程名稱： 電氣裝備計算機(jī)控制 指導(dǎo)老師：_ _成績：_實驗名稱：電氣裝備計算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 實驗類型：_ 同組學(xué)生姓名： 一、實驗?zāi)康暮鸵螅ū靥睿┒?、實驗?nèi)容和原理（必填）三、主要儀器設(shè)備（必填）四、操作方法和實驗步驟五、實驗數(shù)據(jù)記錄和處理六、實驗結(jié)果與分析（必填）七、討論、心得實驗二電氣裝備計算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計一、實驗?zāi)康?、理解數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的硬件原理,了解數(shù)據(jù)采集卡的技術(shù)指標(biāo)和驅(qū)動函數(shù);2、掌握PCI1202數(shù)據(jù)采集卡獲取數(shù)據(jù)的方法，數(shù)據(jù)采集軟件編寫的方法;3、掌握計算機(jī)控制技術(shù)，學(xué)會電氣裝備計

2、算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)的軟件和硬件設(shè)計，熟悉控制系統(tǒng)的調(diào)試方法。二、實驗內(nèi)容1、使用數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行各路數(shù)據(jù)采集，對數(shù)據(jù)采集的結(jié)果進(jìn)行記錄和分析;2、利用采集卡數(shù)據(jù)輸入輸出功能設(shè)計一個簡易控制三相異步電機(jī)正反轉(zhuǎn)的控制系統(tǒng)。 三、實驗原理 在電氣裝備等各個應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域都存在著數(shù)據(jù)采集、存儲、處理與控制問題, 常常需要對電流、電壓、溫度、壓力、流量、位移等模擬量進(jìn)行采集，通過模/數(shù)（A /D）轉(zhuǎn)換，數(shù)據(jù)處理，最后把結(jié)果顯示出來或者進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的控制處理。數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的信號采集部分一般包括信號輸入和調(diào)理（信號衰減/放大與濾波）、采樣/保持、模/數(shù)（A /D）轉(zhuǎn)換、數(shù)據(jù)存儲（RAM）等，再通過接口傳輸?shù)接嬎銠C(jī)，由計算機(jī)

3、進(jìn)行信號的分析處理和顯示。三相異步電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)子是被定子的三相繞組通入三相交流電產(chǎn)生的旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場拖動的，三相繞組合成的旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場向哪個方向轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)子就向哪個方向轉(zhuǎn)。所以，只要將三相電源線的任意兩根線換接，電機(jī)定子的旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場就被改變了，那么電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子的轉(zhuǎn)動方向也將跟隨旋轉(zhuǎn)磁場的方向改變。數(shù)據(jù)采集主電路及控制電路實驗接線圖四、實驗步驟1. 研究并設(shè)計電機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)采集及控制主電路；2. 根據(jù)設(shè)計的電路完成實驗系統(tǒng)的硬件接線；3. 通過軟件平臺進(jìn)行編程、調(diào)試實現(xiàn)對三相異步電機(jī)的數(shù)據(jù)采集及正反轉(zhuǎn)控制；4. 在實現(xiàn)最簡控制電路的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展，如增加電機(jī)過壓保護(hù)、過流保護(hù)、繼電器互鎖等功能。（選做探究）五、實驗例程 程

4、序段/-#include #pragma hdrstop#include Unit2.h#include P1202.h#include P1202u.cpp/-#pragma package(smart_init)#pragma resource *.dfmTForm1 *Form1;Word TotalBoards;說明：該程序段包含相關(guān)頭文件說明與編譯預(yù)處理指令，同時定義Word型變量TotalBoards，用于計數(shù)板卡總數(shù)。程序段/-_fastcall TForm1:TForm1(TComponent* Owner) : TForm(Owner)void _fastcall TForm

5、1:FormCreate(TObject *Sender) Word RetValue; /定義一個類型變量 RetValue = P1202_DriverInit(&TotalBoards); /板卡驅(qū)動初始化函數(shù)，檢測有幾個板卡，并賦給變量RetValue記錄返回值-錯誤代碼 if (RetValue != 0) ShowMessage(ErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) + nDriver Initial Error!); Button1-Enabled = False; eSelect-Text = 0; /選擇哪個板卡，從0開始計數(shù)，表示第一塊 eTota

6、l-Text = IntToStr(TotalBoards); /一共有多少板卡 UpDown1-Max = (Word)(TotalBoards - 1); /有多少板卡，其值減1，因為從0計數(shù) UpDown1-Min = 0; if (TotalBoards Enabled = False; eSelect-Enabled = False; 說明：該程序段為窗口初始化函數(shù)及P1202驅(qū)動初始化。首先定義一個Word類型變量RetValue，然后調(diào)用板卡驅(qū)動初始化函數(shù)P1202_DriverInit()，檢測有幾個板卡，并將值賦給變量RetValue，記錄返回值。如果RetValue !=

7、0，即出現(xiàn)錯誤代碼，則顯示錯誤信息，其中包含IntToStr()函數(shù)調(diào)用，用于將檢測到的總板卡數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換為字符串顯示，同時按鈕Button1不使能。eSelect-Text用于板卡選擇，初始值賦為0表示從0開始計數(shù)，即0表示第一個板卡。eTotal-Text用于記錄一共有多少板卡，所賦值為實際板卡總數(shù)。UpDown1-Max用于記錄板卡數(shù)計數(shù)最大數(shù)。UpDown1-Min用于記錄板卡計數(shù)最小值，為0。如果板卡總數(shù)少于2，則不允許選用。程序段void _fastcall TForm1:Button2Click(TObject *Sender) Close();/關(guān)閉窗體/-說明：該程序段用于說明Bu

8、tton2按鍵功能，即關(guān)閉窗體。程序段void _fastcall TForm1:Button1Click(TObject *Sender) Word RetValue, DF, DW, AC, Dodata, k; float DA; wAdNumber = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdNums-Text); DF = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaFreq-Text); DW = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaWave-Text); AC = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdClock-Text); DA = StrToFloat(eC0DaAmp-

9、Text); for (k=0; kCaption = IntToStr(wAdNumber); XMax2-Caption = XMax-Caption; XMax3-Caption = XMax-Caption; RetValue = P1202_ActiveBoard( (Word)StrToInt(eSelect-Text) ); 調(diào)用函數(shù)激活板卡，同時將值返回給retvalue if (RetValue != 0 )如果返回值錯誤 ShowMessage(AnsiString)Active Borad Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue

10、); return; Dodata= 0x2; RetValue = P1202_Do(Dodata); /傳送一16 位的值到Digital Output輸出 if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Digital Output Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; RetValue = P1202_M_FUN_3(DF, DW, DA, AC, wAdNumber, wChannel, wConfigCode, fAdBuf, -10, 10); /連續(xù)平滑的A/D，D/A轉(zhuǎn)換

11、if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)M_Fun_3 Error! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) ); return; DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, 0, wAdNumber, C0Image0 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber, wAdNumber, C0Image1 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber * 2, wAdNumber, C0Image2 );/連續(xù)的監(jiān)視數(shù)據(jù) lbC0Log-Item

12、s-Clear(); for (k=0; kItems-Add(AnsiString) Ch0: + FloatToStr(fAdBufk).SubString(1,5) + Ch1: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber + k).SubString(1,5) + Ch2: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber * 2 + k).SubString(1,5) );/-說明：該程序段用于說明Button1按鍵功能及實現(xiàn)。動態(tài)監(jiān)視并采集數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)采集到的數(shù)據(jù)繪制波形。部分說明見以上注釋。程序段void _fastcall TForm1:FormClose(

13、TObject *Sender, TCloseAction &Action) P1202_DriverClose;/-說明：該程序段用于P1202驅(qū)動關(guān)閉動作。程序段void _fastcall TForm1:Button3Click(TObject *Sender) Word RetValue, DF, DW, AC, Dodata, k; float DA; wAdNumber = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdNums-Text); DF = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaFreq-Text); DW = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaWave-Text);

14、 AC = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdClock-Text); DA = StrToFloat(eC0DaAmp-Text); for (k=0; kCaption = IntToStr(wAdNumber); XMax2-Caption = XMax-Caption; XMax3-Caption = XMax-Caption; RetValue = P1202_ActiveBoard( (Word)StrToInt(eSelect-Text) ); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Active Borad Error ! +

15、 nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; Dodata= 0x4; RetValue = P1202_Do(Dodata); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Digital Output Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; RetValue = P1202_M_FUN_3(DF, DW, DA, AC, wAdNumber, wChannel, wConfigCode, fAdBuf, -10, 10); if (RetValue

16、 != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)M_Fun_1 Error! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) ); return; DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, 0, wAdNumber, C0Image0 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber, wAdNumber, C0Image1 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber * 2, wAdNumber, C0Image2 ); lbC0Log-Items-Clear(); for (k=0;

17、 kItems-Add(AnsiString) Ch0: + FloatToStr(fAdBufk).SubString(1,5) + Ch1: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber + k).SubString(1,5) + Ch2: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber * 2 + k).SubString(1,5) );/-說明：該程序段功能與程序段功能類似，描述Button3按鍵功能，動態(tài)監(jiān)視并采集數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)采集到的數(shù)據(jù)繪制波形。程序段void _fastcall TForm1:Button4Click(TObject *Sender)Word

18、RetValue, DF, DW, AC, Dodata, k; float DA; wAdNumber = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdNums-Text); DF = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaFreq-Text); DW = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaWave-Text); AC = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdClock-Text); DA = StrToFloat(eC0DaAmp-Text); for (k=0; kCaption = IntToStr(wAdNumber); XMax2-Caption = XMax-Captio

19、n; XMax3-Caption = XMax-Caption; RetValue = P1202_ActiveBoard( (Word)StrToInt(eSelect-Text) ); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Active Borad Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; Dodata= 0x0; RetValue = P1202_Do(Dodata); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Digital Outp

20、ut Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; RetValue = P1202_M_FUN_3(DF, DW, DA, AC, wAdNumber, wChannel, wConfigCode, fAdBuf, -10, 10); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)M_Fun_1 Error! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) ); return; DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, 0, wAdNumber, C0Image0

21、 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber, wAdNumber, C0Image1 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber * 2, wAdNumber, C0Image2 ); lbC0Log-Items-Clear(); for (k=0; kItems-Add(AnsiString) Ch0: + FloatToStr(fAdBufk).SubString(1,5) + Ch1: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber + k).SubString(1,5) + Ch2: + FloatToSt

22、r(fAdBufwAdNumber * 2 + k).SubString(1,5) );/-說明：該程序段功能與程序段功能類似，描述Button4按鍵功能，動態(tài)監(jiān)視并采集數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)采集到的數(shù)據(jù)繪制波形。完整代碼如下：/-#include #pragma hdrstop#include Unit2.h#include P1202.h#include P1202u.cpp/-#pragma package(smart_init)#pragma resource *.dfmTForm1 *Form1;Word TotalBoards;/-_fastcall TForm1:TForm1(TCompon

23、ent* Owner) : TForm(Owner)/-void _fastcall TForm1:FormCreate(TObject *Sender) Word RetValue; RetValue = P1202_DriverInit(&TotalBoards); if (RetValue != 0) ShowMessage(ErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) + nDriver Initial Error!); Button1-Enabled = False; eSelect-Text = 0; eTotal-Text = IntToStr(TotalBoa

24、rds); UpDown1-Max = (Word)(TotalBoards - 1); UpDown1-Min = 0; if (TotalBoards Enabled = False; eSelect-Enabled = False; /-void _fastcall TForm1:Button2Click(TObject *Sender) Close();/-void _fastcall TForm1:Button1Click(TObject *Sender) Word RetValue, DF, DW, AC, Dodata, k; float DA; wAdNumber = (Wor

25、d)StrToInt(eC0AdNums-Text); DF = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaFreq-Text); DW = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaWave-Text); AC = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdClock-Text); DA = StrToFloat(eC0DaAmp-Text); for (k=0; kCaption = IntToStr(wAdNumber); XMax2-Caption = XMax-Caption; XMax3-Caption = XMax-Caption; RetValue = P1202_ActiveBoa

26、rd( (Word)StrToInt(eSelect-Text) ); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Active Borad Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; Dodata= 0x2; RetValue = P1202_Do(Dodata); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Digital Output Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; RetV

27、alue = P1202_M_FUN_3(DF, DW, DA, AC, wAdNumber, wChannel, wConfigCode, fAdBuf, -10, 10); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)M_Fun_3 Error! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) ); return; DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, 0, wAdNumber, C0Image0 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber, wAdNumber, C0Image

28、1 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber * 2, wAdNumber, C0Image2 ); lbC0Log-Items-Clear(); for (k=0; kItems-Add(AnsiString) Ch0: + FloatToStr(fAdBufk).SubString(1,5) + Ch1: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber + k).SubString(1,5) + Ch2: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber * 2 + k).SubString(1,5) );/-void _fastcal

29、l TForm1:FormClose(TObject *Sender, TCloseAction &Action) P1202_DriverClose;/-void _fastcall TForm1:Button3Click(TObject *Sender) Word RetValue, DF, DW, AC, Dodata, k; float DA; wAdNumber = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdNums-Text); DF = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaFreq-Text); DW = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaWave-Text); AC =

30、 (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdClock-Text); DA = StrToFloat(eC0DaAmp-Text); for (k=0; kCaption = IntToStr(wAdNumber); XMax2-Caption = XMax-Caption; XMax3-Caption = XMax-Caption; RetValue = P1202_ActiveBoard( (Word)StrToInt(eSelect-Text) ); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Active Borad Error ! + nErr

31、orCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; Dodata= 0x4; RetValue = P1202_Do(Dodata); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Digital Output Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; RetValue = P1202_M_FUN_3(DF, DW, DA, AC, wAdNumber, wChannel, wConfigCode, fAdBuf, -10, 10); if (RetValue != 0

32、 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)M_Fun_1 Error! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) ); return; DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, 0, wAdNumber, C0Image0 );DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber, wAdNumber, C0Image1 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber * 2, wAdNumber, C0Image2 ); lbC0Log-Items-Clear(); for (k=0; kItem

33、s-Add(AnsiString) Ch0: + FloatToStr(fAdBufk).SubString(1,5) + Ch1: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber + k).SubString(1,5) + Ch2: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber * 2 + k).SubString(1,5) );/-void _fastcall TForm1:Button4Click(TObject *Sender)Word RetValue, DF, DW, AC, Dodata, k; float DA; wAdNumber = (Word)Str

34、ToInt(eC0AdNums-Text); DF = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaFreq-Text); DW = (Word)StrToInt(eC0DaWave-Text); AC = (Word)StrToInt(eC0AdClock-Text); DA = StrToFloat(eC0DaAmp-Text); for (k=0; kCaption = IntToStr(wAdNumber); XMax2-Caption = XMax-Caption; XMax3-Caption = XMax-Caption; RetValue = P1202_ActiveBoard( (

35、Word)StrToInt(eSelect-Text) ); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Active Borad Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; Dodata= 0x0; RetValue = P1202_Do(Dodata); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)Digital Output Error ! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue); return; RetValue

36、= P1202_M_FUN_3(DF, DW, DA, AC, wAdNumber, wChannel, wConfigCode, fAdBuf, -10, 10); if (RetValue != 0 ) ShowMessage(AnsiString)M_Fun_1 Error! + nErrorCode: + IntToStr(RetValue) ); return; DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, 0, wAdNumber, C0Image0 ); DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber, wAdNumber, C0Image1 );

37、DrawWaveF( -5, 5, fAdBuf, wAdNumber * 2, wAdNumber, C0Image2 ); lbC0Log-Items-Clear(); for (k=0; kItems-Add(AnsiString) Ch0: + FloatToStr(fAdBufk).SubString(1,5) + Ch1: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber + k).SubString(1,5) + Ch2: + FloatToStr(fAdBufwAdNumber * 2 + k).SubString(1,5) );/-七、實驗結(jié)果記錄電機(jī)正轉(zhuǎn)時三相電壓波形電機(jī)反轉(zhuǎn)時三相電壓波形電機(jī)停轉(zhuǎn)時三相電壓波形八、思考和練習(xí) 1.繼電器與接觸器的區(qū)別是什么？答：繼電器用來保證電力系統(tǒng)設(shè)備的安全運行，屬于二次設(shè)備。交直流方式的都有，可以根據(jù)一定的電氣量或非電量進(jìn)行整定，當(dāng)被保護(hù)設(shè)備或者回