牛津譯林版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)被動(dòng)語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、八下牛津英語語法講解與練習(xí)-被動(dòng)語態(tài)一、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：amisare動(dòng)詞過去分詞 Cars are made by them. 一般過去時(shí)：waswere動(dòng)詞過去分詞The MP3 was bought by my father.一般將來時(shí)：will/shall/be going to be動(dòng)詞過去分詞  The bridge will be completed in ten days.  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：havehas been動(dòng)詞過去分詞 The meeting has been put off. 二、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)  

2、 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)句變成被動(dòng)句時(shí)，由“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞be過去分詞”構(gòu)成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。歌訣是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變動(dòng)，情態(tài)加be加“過分”。例如：   we can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. We  must finish this work soon. This work must be done soon.We have to clean the classroom. The classroom has to be cleaned

3、by us.三、主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)需要注意的幾個(gè)問題.（1）時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。I have repaired my computer.-My computer has been repaired.  （2）如果要說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，并且這個(gè)執(zhí)行者可以作主動(dòng)語態(tài)中主語時(shí)，就用by短語，如果后面的詞表示地點(diǎn)，不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，就用in短語。It is made by us. It is made in Wuhan.(3)主動(dòng)句的主語是代詞的主格形式，變成被動(dòng)句by的賓語時(shí)要用其賓格形式。He cleaned the car. The car was cleaned by him.(4

4、)疑問句的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，用be動(dòng)詞的對(duì)應(yīng)形式代替doDoes she drive this car? Is this car driven by her?（5）謂語為動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)不能丟掉動(dòng)詞短語的介詞或副詞。His best friend often looks after him.  -He is often looked after by his best friend.(6)主動(dòng)句中有一些動(dòng)詞如buy,send,give,show,offer,tell,lend,teach等，帶有雙賓語，一個(gè)是直接賓語（指物），另一個(gè)是間接賓語（指人），主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，可以

5、把間接賓語變成主語，保留直接賓語，也可以把直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，保留間接賓語，但此時(shí)一般在間接賓語前加一個(gè)介詞。My father gave me a book. (1)I was given a book by my father. (2) A book was given to me by my father.She showed me some photos.(1)I was shown some photos by her. (2) Some photos were shown to me by her.注意：有些雙賓語動(dòng)詞，如do,pass,sell,send,sing，bring,wr

6、ite等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，通常以直接賓語作主語，保留間接賓語，其前面根據(jù)情況用介詞to或forShe wrote me a letter. A letter was written to me by her. 有些雙賓語動(dòng)詞如answer,save,envy(羨慕)等，通常以間接賓語作被動(dòng)語態(tài)主語，保留直接賓語。He answered me that question. I was answered that question by him.（7）主動(dòng)語態(tài)句中使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語為不帶to的不定式，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加上to，這類的動(dòng)詞有make, have, let, notice

7、， see， watch, look at,  hear, listen to, feel help等。 Mr. Lee made him wash the dishes.  He was made to wash the dishes. I saw a boy cross the street . A boy was seen to cross the street.（8）It is said that+從句及其他類似句型一些表示“據(jù)說”或“相信”的動(dòng)詞如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于

8、句型“Itbe過去分詞that從句”或“主語be過去分詞to do sth.”。有：It is said that 據(jù)說,It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is well known that眾所周知，It is thought that大家認(rèn)為，It is suggested that據(jù)建議。例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （The boy is said to have passed the nationa

9、l exam. ）四、謂語動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1、（1）英語中有很多動(dòng)詞如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash,cut,wear等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來描述主語特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式 表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,主語通常是物。例 This kind of cloth washes well. The coats sell well. The knife cuts well.這刀好使。 The shoes wear long.這鞋耐穿。注意：主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語的特征，而被動(dòng)語態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。試比較：The

10、door won't lock （指門本身有毛病）The door won't be locked （指不會(huì)有人來鎖門, 指“門沒有鎖”是人的原因）（2） 表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out（出現(xiàn)）等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。 （3） 系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)形式, 但有些表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞feel, sound, taste, book, feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Your reason sounds reasonable.2、在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞和不定式的主

11、動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義 。（1） 在need，want，require等詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。 The house needs repairing（to be repaired）這房子需要修理。 （2） 在某些“形容詞不定式”做表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語或賓語又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語時(shí)，這時(shí)常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。This problem is difficult to wo

12、rk out .（可看作to work out省略了for me）. （3） 在too to結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語，所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.五、下列情況不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)這類動(dòng)詞常見的有：take place,happen,last,rise,break out,appear等The accident happened last night.（）The accident was happened last night.(×)2.系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)這些動(dòng)詞有：fe

13、el,turn,taste,sound,smell,look,get,become等。8下 被動(dòng)語態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、按要求改寫下列句子1.Is tea grown in South China？（改為主動(dòng)語態(tài)） people _ tea in South China？2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）A birthday present _  _  _  _by my parents every year3.The children will sing an English s

14、ong. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))An English song _  _  _ by the children.4.You needn't do it now. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))It _  _  _ by you now.5.People use metal for making machines. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Metal _  _  _making machines. 6.He made me do that for him. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) I _  _  _  _ that for him.

15、 7.Some People noticed those workers making machines. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Those workers _  _making machines.8.They often saw the boy watch the football matches last year. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))The boy _ often _ _ _ the football matches by them.9.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))_ a bridge _ her

16、e by them a year ago?10.Harry Jones designed the game. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) The game _ _ _ Harry Jones.11. He often makes us work for ten hours a day. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))We _ often_ to _ for ten hours a day.12.My parents buy me a birthday cake every year. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))(1)I _ _ a birthday cake by my parents every year.(2)A birt

17、hday cake _ _ _ me by parents every year.13. We noticed him eating snacks in class. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) He eating snacks in class by us. 14. He plants many trees every year. (把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) Many trees _ _by him every year.15. The teacher made him hand in homework before class. (把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) He was _ _hand in homewor

18、k before class (by the teacher).16. He bought a CD-ROM last year. (把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) A CD-ROM last year.17. He organizes activities of the Computer Club. (把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Activities of the Computer Club by him.18.Does everyone in the world know the Great Wall? (把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) the Great Wall in the world?19.I gave hi

19、m a present yesterday. (把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) A present him by me Yesterday.20.The workers built the bridge in 2004. (把句子改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))The bridge by the workers in 2004.二、 單項(xiàng)選擇1. Each year quite a lot of food_ around the world. A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted D. will be wasted2.The sick man _to hospital by the p

20、oliceman an hour ago. A. is taken B. was taken C. takes D. took 3.Elephants carry wood by people long time ago.A. was trained B. trained to C. train to D. were trained to4.Why are you so excited today? -We were told _ a picnic this weekend. A. have B. to have C. having D. had5. The meeting _ two wee

21、ks ago. A. hold B. was held C. were held D. is held6.The thief _ by the police last night. A. caught B. is caught C. was caught D. were caught7. Last year Beijing _ by a big sandstorm.A. is hit B. were hit C. will be hit D. was hit8Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. 

22、60;  Im sorry, but I _ when to meet. A. dont tell        B. didnt tell      C. havent told     D. wasnt told9 .Twelve-year-olds should not to drive in China. A. allow B. be allow C. allowed D. be allowed10. This lis

23、tening material, together with its CD-ROMs, well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold11. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances to students to learn from each other.A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering12. a new library in our school last y

24、ear? Yes, it was.A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did; build13. What the plane often ? -A training centre.A. is; used as B. was; used to C. is; used to D. was; using as14.He was seen _ a bank just nowA. to enter B. to enter into C. enter D. entering into15.Were they heard _ at that time?

25、A. talk and laugh B. to talk and laugh C. talking and laughing D. talked and laughed16.The new flats in the centre of the town _ well. A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold17.The World Cup_ every four years. A. takes place B. is taken place C. is held D. Both A and C18.Old people are often _polite

26、ly by the young in our country. A. spoken to B. speaking C. spoken D. speaking19.Boys and girls, have you finished drawing the pictures? Yes, they_ a moment ago. A. have finished B. were finished C .are finished D. finished20.Mary didnt know where the birthday card_ and looked worried. A. was hiding

27、 B. was hidden C. hid D. hidden21. Tom by his classmates because he made a careless mistake. A. laughed at B. was laughed at C. laughed D. was laughed 22. They _ day and night.A are made work B are made to work C made to be worked D are making to work23. You may go fishing if your work_ .A is done B

28、 will be done C has done D have done24. These kinds of CD-ROMS_ in that shop over there. They _ well.A are sold, are sold B are sold, sell C sell, sell D sell, are sold25. Mr Chen has a loud voice. His voice can _ clearly even in that big classroom.A hear B be heard C be hearing D have heard26. - Do

29、 you like the flower? - Yes, it _ sweet.A smells B is smelling C smelt D is smelt27. English _ in many countries, but the Chinese _ their own language. A. speaks; spoken B. is spoken; is spoken C. is spoken; speak D. is spoken; speaks28. -How many cakes can I have, Mum? -None, dear. They _ for your

30、father. A. prepare B prepared C. have prepared D. were prepared29. His new book has_.A come on B been come on C come out D been come out30. Food and clothes to the children in poor areas by the volunteers .A. hand out B are handed out C are handing out D worked out三、用（ ）里詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Young trees_(water

31、) well every day.2.Thirty bikes_ (repair) by Uncle Wang last week.3.This kind of machine _ (use) for cutting things.4. Many strange things (take) place every year.5.Rice _ (grow) twp thousand years ago by Chinese people.6.Information _ (keep) in the computer just now.7.Children under 1.2m in height

32、should_(not take)to the concert hall.8.Activities_(plan)to help the poor every year.9.Our classroom is so dirty and it needs_(clean).10 Jack is very funny. I am always made _ (laugh)11. The good news is that most of the cases of blindness can _(cure).12.Children should _(treat)with kindness.13.She w

33、as made _( wait) half an hour.14.Usually those letters_(write) in English in the past.15. Do you know that Oxfam _(set) up in the UK in 1942?16. A new film _(show) at Red Star Cinema yesterday.17. What_ your computer_(use) for? Sending and receiving e-mails.18. You may go out and play as soon as you

34、r homework _(finish).五、完形填空1Now computers are very 1 among young people. Last week, we asked thirty young people 2 fourteen and eighteen. We asked how much 3 they usually spent on their computers in a week, but we 4 most interested in 5 they used their computers for.The usual time spent on a compute

35、r in a week was about twelve hours, with 6 user about thirty-two hours, and the lowest user only five hours.All the children said they usually used computers 7 . Fourteen children told us they did some word processing (文字處理) 8 . Only two of them said computers 9 their lessons, and eight children tol

36、d us they kept addresses and phone numbers in their computers or used 10 to write diaries. Only three children said they were learning to make computer programs and nobody looked up databases (數(shù)據(jù)庫). None of them used computers for any 11 use.The 12 show that computer use is quite high among young pe

37、ople of 14-18 years old. They also show quite clearly that computers 13 by most young people as little more than game machines. 14 , though computers are common in the homes of young people, they have not yet become 15 in everyday life.( )1. A. common B. cheap C. easy D. difficult( )2. A. among B. b

38、etween C. from D. about( )3. A. hours B. money C. time D. /( )4. A. is B. was C. are D. were( )5. A. what B. why C. how D. whether( )6. A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest( )7. A. to read B. reading C. to play games D. playing games( )8. A. at times B. as usual C. in the end D. all the time(

39、 )9. A. found out B. worked at C. helped with D. looked over( )10. A. theirs B. them C. its D. it( )11. A. another B. other C. the other D. others( )12. A. ways B. questions C. reports D. results（結(jié)果）( )13. A. are seen B. have seen C. will be seen D. see( )14. A. More or less B. From now on C. By the

40、 way D. It seems to us that( )15. A. wonderful B. popular C. useful D. expensive六、閱讀理解Life comes in a package. This package includes happiness and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With ea

41、ch passing day we learn to deal with various situations.Love plays a main role in our life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could become cruel(殘忍的). In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with love and care. They teach us about what is right and wrong,

42、 good and bad. But we dont always care about it. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands others feelings.Happiness can bring people a peaceful mind. No mind is happy without peace. Sadness is the cause of the death of a loved one or the failure. But all of these things wi

43、ll pass away.Failure is the way to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, pride and self-respect.Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. L

44、ife teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day.Life teaches us not to regret(后悔) over yesterday, for it has passed and is out of our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dark. So the only choice is to work hard today, so tha

45、t we will enjoy a better tomorrow.( ) 1. We usually have to accept_ if we want to be successful.A. love B. failure C. sadness D. hope( ) 2. In which section can readers probably read the passage?A. Business. B. Travel C. Lifestyles. D. Education.( ) 3. What does the word “despair” mean in Chinese?A.

46、 頹廢 B. 遺憾 C. 悲傷 D. 絕望( ) 4. Whats the meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage?A. When choosing between “today” and “tomorrow”, youd better enjoy tomorrow.B. If you work hard today, youll have a better life in the future.C. What you can only choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow.D. Th