高一英語(yǔ)_unit1_Friendship-Grammar_課件必修1 (2)

1、Michael Phelps直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)“I have a long body and long arms, a gift and love for swimming.”Phelps said he had a long body and long arms, and a gift and love for swimming.“I started swimming at an young age in order to treat my ADHD disease.” Phelps said he had started swimming at an young age

2、in order to treat his ADHD disease.“I receive a 5-hour training everyday.”Phelps said he received a 5-hour training every day.“I always desire to be the winner, to win gold medals and to break world records.”Phelps said he always desired to be the winner, to win gold medals and to break world record

3、s.“One of my favorite things is to compete with the best swimmers in the world.”Phelps said one of his favorite things was to compete with the best swimmers in the world.“I have many goals, and all of them are high.” Phelps said he had many goals, and all of them were high.“I will always try my best

4、 to be Phelps No.1.”Phelps said he would always try his best to be Phelps No.1.Secrets of Phelps success? gift interest determination courage hard work ambition 直接引語(yǔ)：直接引語(yǔ)： 直接引用別人的原話直接引用別人的原話,并在原話前后加并在原話前后加引號(hào)。引號(hào)。 例：例：He said: It is too late. 間接引語(yǔ)：間接引語(yǔ)： 用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述他人的話用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述他人的話,多數(shù)以賓語(yǔ)多數(shù)以賓語(yǔ)從句的形式構(gòu)成。從句的形式構(gòu)成

5、。 例：例：He said it was too late.直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)相互轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)直接引語(yǔ)與間接引語(yǔ)相互轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)應(yīng)注意的變化應(yīng)注意的變化 1.1.句式結(jié)構(gòu)上的變化句式結(jié)構(gòu)上的變化 解題步驟解題步驟: :1）. 陳述句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用陳述句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用that連接連接, that 無(wú)實(shí)際意義，可省略。例無(wú)實(shí)際意義，可省略。例 :“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her

6、 friends that she didnt like computers.Sarah2）.一般疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般疑問(wèn)句，選擇疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用陳述語(yǔ)氣，并要加連詞要用陳述語(yǔ)氣，并要加連詞if或或whether?！癐s it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”, they asked himThey asked himif / whetherit is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askedwasThey asked him if it was easy to

7、improve the condition of the soil.3 3）. .特殊疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)要用特殊特殊疑問(wèn)句變間接引語(yǔ)要用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。 They asked him “ When do you harvest the wheat ?”They asked him whenyou harvest the wheat.harvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.2.2.時(shí)態(tài)變化時(shí)態(tài)變化 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致. .1） 主句為

8、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)的主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變。時(shí)候，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變。He says: I bought you a book yesterday.”He says that he bought me a book yesterday.2 2）. .當(dāng)主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要跟著相當(dāng)主句為過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要跟著相應(yīng)的變化應(yīng)的變化, ,變化如下：變化如下： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)

9、 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) 不變不變 不變不變往前推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)往前推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài) 1.“I am very glad to visit your school”, she said. She said that she was very glad to visit our school. 2. Tom said, “We are listening to the pop music.” Tom said that they were listening to the pop music. 3. Mother asked, “Have you finished your homewo

10、rk before you watch TV?” Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV. 4. He asked the conductor, “Where shall I get off to change to a No. 3 bus?” He asked the conductor where he would get off to change to a No. 3 bus. 5. “Why did she refuse to go there?” the teacher asked

11、. The teacher asked why she had refused to go there. 6. Mother asked me, “Had you finished your homework before you watched TV?” Mother asked me whether I had finished my homework before I watched TV.注意：注意： 1.直接引語(yǔ)為客觀真理時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)直接引語(yǔ)為客觀真理時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：不變，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如： Teacher said to us: The moon

12、 moves round the earth. Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth. The teacher said to us : “Light travels faster than sound .” The teacher said that light travels faster than sound . 2.直接引語(yǔ)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)并且與具體直接引語(yǔ)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)并且與具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)仍用一般時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，間接引語(yǔ)仍用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。例如過(guò)去時(shí)。例如 ： She said: I went to England in 1

13、998.” She said she went to England in 1998. 直接引語(yǔ)里的第一人稱和第二人稱，變間接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)里的第一人稱和第二人稱，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱要做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。例如：時(shí)，人稱要做相應(yīng)調(diào)整。例如： 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) She said:“ I am hungry?！?間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ) She said she was hungry. 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) Mum said to me:“ You can clean your bedroom tomorrow.” 間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ) Mum told me that I could clean my bedroom th

14、e next day . Mr. Smith said，“He is a good worker. Mr. Smith said that he was a good worker. 3.3.人稱的變化人稱的變化“一主、二賓、三不變一主、二賓、三不變”4.其他變化其他變化 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞指示代詞 時(shí)時(shí) 間間 狀狀 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) 方向性方向性動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 this, that, these those now, today ， this week yesterdaylast weekfour days ago tomorrow next monththen,that day that weekthe day before the week beforefour days beforethe next daythe next month here there come, go,bring take Summary 直接引語(yǔ)直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)陳述句陳述句一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句祈使句祈使句that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)if/whether 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)原疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)原疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)ask / told sb to do s