最終版Oracle_10g_RAC_For_Linux86_64安裝

1、Oracle 10g RAC For RHEL5 Linux86_64（裸設(shè)備）安裝手冊目錄第一章 安裝準(zhǔn)備31.1 系統(tǒng)補丁包安裝31.2 若連接存儲為IP-SAN則需安裝iscsi包，并開啟iscsi服務(wù)31.3 關(guān)閉sendmail31.4 規(guī)劃RAC網(wǎng)絡(luò)及存儲31.5 修改操作系統(tǒng)文件51.5.1 配置主機名51.5.2 配置網(wǎng)卡61.5.3 /etc/hosts61.5.4 /etc/sysctl.conf61.5.5 /etc/security/limits.conf71.5.6 /etc/pam.d/login71.5.7 /etc/profile71.5.8 /etc/modp

2、robe.conf71.5.9 /etc/rc.d/rc.local81.5.10 加載hangcheck模塊81.5.11 修改系統(tǒng)版本號8oraclesohdb1 # vi /etc/redhat-release8oraclesohdb2 # vi /etc/redhat-release81.5.12 創(chuàng)建oracle安裝用戶81.5.13 創(chuàng)建oracle軟件的相關(guān)目錄81.5.14 修改oracle用戶的環(huán)境變量81.5.15 修改root用戶環(huán)境變量91.5.16 創(chuàng)建目錄91.5.17 時間同步91.5.18 配置ssh91.5.19 綁定裸設(shè)備11第二章 安裝ORACLECRS軟

3、件112.1 安裝的準(zhǔn)備工作112.2 圖形下安裝122.2.1 CRS安裝環(huán)境檢查122.3 root執(zhí)行vipca24第三章 安裝ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件28第四章 安裝ORACLE10.2.0.4補丁354.1 安裝oracle CRS補丁354.2 安裝Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫補丁40第五章 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫455.1 Dbca創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫45本文中黃色字體是用戶手工輸入的內(nèi)容第一章 安裝準(zhǔn)備1.1 系統(tǒng)補丁包安裝正式環(huán)境系統(tǒng)必須為linux64位系統(tǒng)，建議采用系統(tǒng)版本為5，由于64位需要打得包較多，故建議在系統(tǒng)安裝時使用全安裝。另外，實驗環(huán)境中若使用32位系統(tǒng)則可使用默認(rèn)安裝，補訂包的安裝如下： #

4、 Mount /dev/cd-rom /media cd /media/cdrom/Server rpm -Uvh setarch-2* rpm -Uvh make-3* rpm -Uvh glibc-2* rpm -Uvh libaio-0* rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc+-33-3* rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-3* rpm -Uvh compat-gcc-34-c+-3* rpm -Uvh gcc-4* rpm -Uvh libXp-1* rpm -Uvh openmotif-2* rpm -Uvh compat-db-4* 1.2 若連接存儲為IP-

5、SAN則需安裝iscsi包，并開啟iscsi服務(wù)安裝iscsi包cd /media/cdrom/Serverrpm -Uvh iscsi-ini*/etc/init.d/iscsi startiscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.1.10(存儲地址)iscsiadm -m node -T XXX -p 192.168.1.10 -l1.3 關(guān)閉sendmail/etc/rc.d/rc.local sendmail stopchkconfig -level 12345 sendmail off1.4 規(guī)劃RAC網(wǎng)絡(luò)及存儲IP規(guī)劃：Public地址（公共網(wǎng)地

6、址）：10.1.17.210.1.17.3VIP地址（數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)地址）：10.1.17.410.1.17.5Privt地址（RAC心跳地址）：192.168.17.6192.168.17.7需要至少三塊4G左右的盤，規(guī)劃如下：/dev/sdb4G /dev/sdb1800m/dev/sdb2500m/dev/sdb3600m/dev/sdb5100m/dev/sdb6200m/dev/sdb7200m/dev/sdb8200m/dev/sdb9200m/dev/sdb10200m/dev/sdb11200m/dev/sdb12100m/dev/sdc4G/dev/sdc11200m/dev/s

7、dc2600m/dev/sdc3100m/dev/sdc5600m/dev/sdc6200m/dev/sdc7200m/dev/sdc8200m/dev/sdc9200m/dev/sdc10200m/dev/sdc11100m/dev/sdc12100m/dev/sdd4G/dev/sdd11024m/dev/sdd21024m/dev/sdd31024m/dev/sdd41024m劃分磁盤后續(xù)執(zhí)行partprobe重讀分區(qū)表目的小大小 (MB)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化大小 (MB)實驗環(huán)境規(guī)劃(MB)磁盤設(shè)備原始設(shè)備SYSTEM 表空間500600800/dev/sdb1/dev/raw/raw1SYSAUX

8、 表空間80012001200/dev/sdc1/dev/raw/raw2USERS 表空間120200500/dev/sdb2/dev/raw/raw3UNDOTBS1 表空間500600600/dev/sdc2/dev/raw/raw4UNDOTBS2 表空間500600600/dev/sdb3/dev/raw/raw5SPFILE550100/dev/sdc3/dev/raw/raw6口令文件550100/dev/sdb5/dev/raw/raw7TEMP 表空間250600600/dev/sdc5/dev/raw/raw8控制文件 1110200200/dev/sdb6/dev/raw

9、/raw9控制文件 2110200200/dev/sdc6/dev/raw/raw10控制文件 3110200200/dev/sdb7/dev/raw/raw11重做日志 1_1120200200/dev/sdc7/dev/raw/raw12重做日志 1_2120200200/dev/sdb8/dev/raw/raw13重做日志 1_3120200200/dev/sdc8/dev/raw/raw14重做日志 2_1120200200/dev/sdb9/dev/raw/raw15重做日志 2_2120200200/dev/sdc9/dev/raw/raw16重做日志 2_3120200200/d

10、ev/sdb10/dev/raw/raw17數(shù)據(jù)盤（用于存放表空間的數(shù)據(jù)文件）1024/dev/sdd1/dev/raw/raw18數(shù)據(jù)盤（用于存放表空間的數(shù)據(jù)文件）1024/dev/sdd2/dev/raw/raw19數(shù)據(jù)盤（用于存放表空間的數(shù)據(jù)文件）1024/dev/sdd3/dev/raw/raw20數(shù)據(jù)盤（用于存放表空間的數(shù)據(jù)文件）1024/dev/sdd5/dev/raw/raw21Oracle Cluster Registry100200200/dev/sdc10/dev/raw/raw22Oracle Cluster Registry100200200/dev/sdb11/dev

11、/raw/raw23Oracle CRS Voting2050100/dev/sdc11/dev/raw/raw24Oracle CRS Voting2050100/dev/sdb12/dev/raw/raw25Oracle CRS Voting2050100/dev/sdc12/dev/raw/raw26磁盤空間總計：3,9005,9501.4.1 fdisk劃分磁盤使用fdisk命令按照如上方案在第一臺機器上劃分磁盤格式化第一塊磁盤roothqportaldb1 # fdisk /dev/sdbDevice contains neither a valid DOS partition ta

12、ble, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabelBuilding a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previouscontent wont be recoverable.The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 9137.There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger

13、than 1024,and could in certain setups cause problems with:1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)Command (m for help)

14、: nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-9137, default 1): 回車Using default value 1Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-9137, default 9137): +800mCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition numb

15、er (1-4): 2First cylinder (488-9137, default 488): 回車Using default value 488Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (488-9137, default 9137): +500MCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 3First cylinder (501-9137, default 501): 回車Using de

16、fault value 501Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (501-9137, default 9137): +600mCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)eSelected partition 4First cylinder (2934-9137, default 2934): 回車Using default value 2934Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2934

17、-9137, default 9137): 回車Using default value 9137Command (m for help): nFirst cylinder (2934-9137, default 2934): 回車Using default value 2934Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2934-9137, default 9137): +100mCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5367-9137, default 5367): 回車Using default value

18、 5367Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5367-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5429-9137, default 5429): 回車Using default value 5429Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5429-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5454-9137, defa

19、ult 5454): Using default value 5454Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5454-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5479-9137, default 5479): Using default value 5479Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5479-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFir

20、st cylinder (5504-9137, default 5504): Using default value 5504Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5504-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5517-9137, default 5517): Using default value 5517Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5517-9137, default 9137): +20

21、0MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5542-9137, default 5542): Using default value 5542Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5542-9137, default 9137): +100MCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.格式化第二塊磁盤：roothqpo

22、rtaldb1 # fdisk /dev/sdcCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-9137, default 1): 回車Using default value 1Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-9137, default 9137): +1200mCommand (m for help): nCommand action e exte

23、nded p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 2First cylinder (488-9137, default 488): 回車Using default value 488Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (488-9137, default 9137): +600MCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 3First

24、 cylinder (501-9137, default 501): 回車Using default value 501Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (501-9137, default 9137): +100mCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)eSelected partition 4First cylinder (2934-9137, default 2934): 回車Using default value 2934Las

25、t cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2934-9137, default 9137): 回車Using default value 9137Command (m for help): nFirst cylinder (2934-9137, default 2934): 回車Using default value 2934Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2934-9137, default 9137): +600mCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (53

26、67-9137, default 5367): 回車Using default value 5367Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5367-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5429-9137, default 5429): 回車Using default value 5429Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5429-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (

27、m for help): nFirst cylinder (5454-9137, default 5454): Using default value 5454Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5454-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5479-9137, default 5479): Using default value 5479Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5479-9137, d

28、efault 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5504-9137, default 5504): Using default value 5504Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5504-9137, default 9137): +200MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5517-9137, default 5517): Using default value 5517Last cylinder or +size or +s

29、izeM or +sizeK (5517-9137, default 9137): +100MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (5542-9137, default 5542): Using default value 5542Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (5542-9137, default 9137): +100MCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read pa

30、rtition table.Syncing disks.格式化第三塊磁盤：roothqportaldb1 # fdisk /dev/sddCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-9137, default 1): 回車Using default value 1Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-9137, default 9137): +1024

31、mCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 2First cylinder (488-9137, default 488): 回車Using default value 488Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (488-9137, default 9137): +1024mCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary

32、partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 3First cylinder (501-9137, default 501): 回車Using default value 501Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (501-9137, default 9137): +1024mCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)eSelected partition 4First cylinder (2934-913

33、7, default 2934): 回車Using default value 2934Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2934-9137, default 9137): 回車Using default value 9137Command (m for help): nFirst cylinder (2934-9137, default 2934): 回車Using default value 2934Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (2934-9137, default 9137):

34、 +1024mCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.按照磁盤分區(qū)規(guī)劃，把全部磁盤劃分完成以后在第二臺機器上執(zhí)行roothqportaldb2 # partprobe同步所有的磁盤分區(qū)1.5 修改操作系統(tǒng)文件本部分內(nèi)容如無特別說明，分別在兩臺機器分別執(zhí)行。1.5.1 配置主機名oraclesohdb1 # hostname sohdb1oraclesohdb1 # vi /etc/sysconfig/n

35、etwork修改文本中以下內(nèi)容HOSTNAME=sohdb1oraclesohdb2 # hostname sohdb2oraclesohdb2 # vi /etc/sysconfig/network修改文本中以下內(nèi)容HOSTNAME=sohdb21.5.2 配置網(wǎng)卡oraclesohdb1 # vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0需要修改一下信息：ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=10.1.17.2NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=10.1.17.1oraclesohdb1 # vi

36、/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1需要修改一下信息：ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=192.168.17.6NETMASK=255.255.255.0oraclesohdb1 #service network restartoraclesohdb2 # vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0需要修改一下信息：ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=10.1.17.3NETMASK=255.255.255.0GATEWAY=10.1.17.

37、1oraclesohdb2 # vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1需要修改一下信息：ONBOOT=yesBOOTPROTO=staticIPADDR=192.168.17.7NETMASK=255.255.255.0oraclesohdb2 #service network restart用命令查看網(wǎng)卡信息和狀態(tài)oraclesohdb1 #ifconfig若有網(wǎng)卡未正常啟用則可通過以下命令啟用網(wǎng)卡oraclesohdb1 #ifup eth01.5.3 /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain lo

38、calhost10.1.17.2 sohdb110.1.17.3 sohdb210.1.17.4 sohdb1-vip10.1.17.5 sohdb2-vip192.168.17.6 sohdb1-priv192.168.17.7 sohdb2-priv1.5.4 /etc/sysctl.conf加入如下內(nèi)容kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default = 262144

39、net.core.rmem_max = 262144 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 262144 net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304然后執(zhí)行如下命令，讓修改的參數(shù)生效# sysctl pnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 0net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0ke

40、rnel.sysrq = 0kernel.core_uses_pid = 1net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1kernel.msgmnb = 65536kernel.msgmax = 65536kernel.shmmax = 68719476736kernel.shmall = 4294967296kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128fs.file-max = 65536net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000net.core.rmem_default = 262144

41、net.core.rmem_max = 262144net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 262144net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 41943041.5.5 /etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入如下內(nèi)容oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 655361.5

42、.6 /etc/pam.d/login文件中加入如下內(nèi)容session required pam_limits.so1.5.7 /etc/profile文件中加入如下內(nèi)容if $USER = oracle ; then ulimit -u 16384 ulimit -n 65536fi1.5.8 /etc/modprobe.conf文件加入options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=1801.5.9 /etc/rc.d/rc.local文件加入/sbin/modprobe hangcheck_timer1.5.10 加載

43、hangcheck模塊# modprobe hangcheck_timer# grep hangcheck /var/log/messages | tail -2Jan 9 16:12:19 sohdb1 kernel: Hangcheck: starting hangcheck timer 0.9.0 (tick is 30 seconds, margin is 180 seconds).1.5.11 添加swapdd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=2000000mkswap /swapfileswapon /swapfilemore /pr

44、oc/swapsvi /etc/fstab添加如下一行/swapfileswapswapdefaults0 01.5.12 修改系統(tǒng)版本號oraclesohdb1 # vi /etc/redhat-releaseRed Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4#Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5 (Tikanga)oraclesohdb2 # vi /etc/redhat-releaseRed Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4#Red Hat Enterprise Lin

45、ux Server release 5 (Tikanga)1.5.13 創(chuàng)建oracle安裝用戶# groupadd -g 300 dba# useradd -u 500 -g dba oracle# passwd oracleChanging password for user oracle.New UNIX password: oracleBAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary wordRetype new UNIX password: oraclepasswd: all authentication tokens updated success

46、fully.1.5.14 創(chuàng)建oracle軟件的相關(guān)目錄# su - oracle1.5.15 修改oracle用戶的環(huán)境變量oracle用戶的環(huán)境變量文件/oracle/.bash_profile文件加入如下內(nèi)容export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/dbexport ORA_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/crsexport ORACLE_SID=sohdb1# export ORACLE_SID=sohdb2 #2機器的環(huán)境變量ex

47、port PATH=$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/libexport LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBKexport TMPDIR=/tmpexport TMP=/tmp1.5.16 修改root用戶環(huán)境變量root用戶的環(huán)境變量文件/root/.bash_profile文件，加入如下內(nèi)容：export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle

48、export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/dbexport ORA_CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/crsexport PATH=$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATHexport LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK1.5.17 時間同步oraclesohdb1 # chkconfig ntpd on oraclesohdb1 # /etc/init.d/ntpd sta

49、rtoraclesohdb1 # vi /etc/ntp.conf(在末尾加上以下兩句)server 10.1.17.2restrict 10.1.188.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodifyoraclesohdb1 #vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpdSYNC_HWCLOCK=yesoraclesohdb1 #/etc/init.d/ntpd restart 查看ntp時間服務(wù)器同步狀態(tài)，需要等待5-10分鐘，當(dāng)確定reach17則可使用ntp同步：oraclesohdb1 # ntpq -poraclesohdb2 #vi /etc/sysconfig/nt

50、pdSYNC_HWCLOCK=yesoraclesohdb1 #ntpdate 10.1.17.21.5.18 配置ssh第一臺機器oracle用戶生成密鑰oraclesohdb1 $ ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory /oracle/.ssh.Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase ag

51、ain: Your identification has been saved in /.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:91:e7:72:37:72:07:82:e1:53:7d:1b:3a:46:84:1b:c6 oraclesohdb1oraclesohdb1 $ ssh-keygen -t dsaGenerating public/private dsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/.

52、ssh/id_dsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /.ssh/id_dsa.Your public key has been saved in /.ssh/id_dsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:99:61:03:9f:86:4d:4e:d4:19:c0:c6:3f:ad:e0:82:50 oraclesohdb1第二臺機器oracle用戶生成密鑰oraclesohdb2

53、 $ ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory /oracle/.ssh.Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /.ssh/id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /.ssh/id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:ab:50:7b:f9:b0:68:35:57:96:c0:18: