英語十大詞性講解_第1頁
英語十大詞性講解_第2頁
英語十大詞性講解_第3頁
英語十大詞性講解_第4頁
英語十大詞性講解_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩12頁未讀 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

1、十大詞類精講精練復(fù)習(xí)方式:熟記各詞類的總結(jié)、教師提出重難點、強(qiáng)化細(xì)節(jié)知識的考查、近年在詞類方面的命題去 向、強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練I 英語此類分大種:名動形、數(shù)(量)代、介副連冠嘆即名詞(noun)、代詞(pronoun)、形容詞(adjective) 、副詞(adverb)、動詞(verb)、數(shù)詞(num eral)、冠詞(article) 、介詞(preposition) 、連詞(conjunctions)禾口感嘆詞(interjection)。一、名詞(n )表示人、事物或抽象概念的名稱的詞(一) 名詞的分類名詞分為普通名詞和專有名詞,其中普通名詞包括可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,可數(shù)名詞可用作單 數(shù),也可用

2、作復(fù)數(shù)??蓴?shù)名詞包括個體名詞(表示一類人或物的個體。如:boy, desk, cat , window)和集體名詞(由若干個體組成的集合體。如:family , class , police)。不可數(shù)名詞包括物質(zhì)名詞(表示無法分為個體的實物。如:water , paper , silk , money)和抽象名詞(表示性質(zhì)、行為、狀態(tài)、感情或其它)抽象概念。女口: work, happ in ess , music , difficulty , housework)專有名詞表示個人、地方、機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等。如:Tom the Great Wall , the Spring Festival ,Fr

3、ance , the United States)(二) 名詞的數(shù)(考點)1 可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式,其復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成主要有以下幾種:(1) 一般情況下,在詞尾加s。eg bookbooks , dogdogs , penpens, boyboys以輕輔音結(jié)尾的名詞后的s的讀音為s),以濁輔音和元音結(jié)尾名詞后的s讀音為Z。(2) 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時,要在詞尾加es。eg beachbeaches , brushbrushes , busbuses , box boxes(es 讀音為iz(3) 以“輔音字母+ y”結(jié)尾的名詞,先變 y為i,再加es。eg ci

4、ty cities , family families , documentary documentaries ,countrycountries , strawberrystrawberries(ies 讀音為iz)( 注:以元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞,直接在詞尾加 -s。 eg. boys, holidays , days)(4) 以元音字母。結(jié)尾的名詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時情況如下: 力口 es tomato tomatoes , potato potatoes heroheroes 結(jié)尾是兩個元音字母的加s, eg Zoo zoos , radioradios 某些外來詞變復(fù)數(shù)時詞尾加s, eg. p

5、iano pianos 一些名詞的縮寫形式變復(fù)數(shù)時,詞尾加 s,eg photo(photograph)photos , kilo(kilogram)kilos zero 變復(fù)數(shù)時,既可加 s,也可加 es . zeros /zeroes(5) 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時,先把 f或fe變?yōu)関,再加es。eg wifewives leaf leaves , halfhalves ,knife knives , thief-thieves(res 讀音為vz( 注意:roof 的復(fù)數(shù)為 roofs ;scarf 的復(fù)數(shù)為 scarfs / scarves)(6) 有些名詞由單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)時,不是在

6、詞尾加s或es,而是變換其中的字母,eg man men woman- women policeman policemen , EnglishmanEnglishmen ,Frenchman Frenchmen, footfeet tooth teeth , childchildren , mouse mice(7) 還有一些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。eg Chinese , Japanese , sheep, deer, fish(8) 另一些名詞本身即是復(fù)數(shù)形式,不可用作單數(shù)。eg , people , police , trousers , pants , clothes , sciss

7、ors另外,當(dāng)一個名詞作定語說明另一個名詞時,這個名詞一般用單數(shù)。eg . five apple trees , a girl friend , two girl friends , a twin sister但是,當(dāng)man和woman#定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時,就要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。eg . two men teachers , three women doctors 可用量詞+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量。eg.a room Of students, two boxes Of pencils2 .不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,它的“量”的表示方式如下。(考點)(1)表不定數(shù)量時,一般用m

8、uch, (a)little , a lot of /lots of , some, any 等詞修飾。eg , much money, a little bread(2)表確定數(shù)量時,一般用“數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞。如:two /three /,+量詞復(fù)數(shù)十of+不可數(shù)名詞。eg . a bag Of rice , two glasses Of milk , four bottles Of water3 .有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞也可作不可數(shù)名詞,但詞義有所不同。eg: fruit 水果fruits表示不同種類的水果;food食物foods各種食品;fish 魚fishes 魚的種類;d

9、rink 飲料、酒a drink 杯/一份飲料、一杯酒;cloth 布,a cloth 桌布、抹布; sand 沙sands 沙灘;tea 茶a tea 一杯茶;chicken 雞肉a chicken 小雞; orange 橘汁anorange 橘子;glass 玻璃a glass 玻璃杯, glasses 眼鏡; paper紙a paper 試卷、論文; wood木頭a wood 小森林;room 空間、余地a room 房間(三)名詞的所有格(表示人或物的所屬關(guān)系)(難點)(1)有生命的名詞所有格以及表示時間、距離、城鎮(zhèn)、國家等的名詞所有格。 不是以s結(jié)尾的名詞變成所有格時,在詞尾加s。e

10、g . Mike s watch ; Womes Day 以s結(jié)尾的名詞變成所有格時,只加。eg . teachers office , students rooms 兩個或兩個以上名詞并列,表示共同所有,只需在最后一個名詞后加s。eg . Tom and Mike s room 湯姆和邁克的房間(表示湯姆和邁克共有一間房) 兩個或兩個以上名詞并列,表示分別所有,需在幾個名詞后都加s。eg. Mary s and Jenny s bikes 瑪麗和詹妮的自行車(表示瑪麗和詹妮各自的自行車)無生命的事物的名詞所有格常用of結(jié)構(gòu)eg.a map Of China , the beg inning

11、Of this game,the door Of the room特殊形式可用s和of短語表示的名詞所有格eg . the boy s name=the name Of the boy( 男孩的名字 )the dog s l egs=the legs of the dog( 狗的腿)China s population=the population Of China(中國的人口)China s capital=the capital of China(中國的首都 ) 雙重所有格eg . a fiend of my mother s我媽媽的一個朋友a(bǔ) picture of Tom s湯姆的一張圖

12、片二、代詞(pron .)代替名詞,兼有名詞和形容詞的作用相互代詞each other, one another指示代詞this , that , these , those不定代詞(不指明特定的人或事物的代詞)each , every , both , all , either , neither ,none , no, one , (a)few , (a)little , some, any , many , much , other , another 復(fù)合不定代詞 everybody , somebody , an ybody , n obody , every one, some o

13、ne , anyone , no one , every-thing , something , anything, nothing疑問代詞what , who , whom, which , whose直接代詞疑問代詞都可作連接代詞,引導(dǎo)賓語從句.表語從句等。關(guān)系代詞who , whom whose , that , which用引導(dǎo)定語從句。(二)代詞的用法1. 人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞和指示代詞的用法(1)人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分,主格用來作主語,賓格用來作動詞或介詞的賓語等。eg. She gave me a red apple .她給了我一個紅蘋果:(She作主語,me

14、作動詞賓語)Kathy is near him.凱西靠近他。(介詞near的賓語)2 ,物主代詞有形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞之分。 形容詞性物主代詞位于名詞前:their school , his backpack 名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)干一個名詞,在句中可作主語、賓語等,后面不能再接名詞。e g It isn t my penMine(=my pen) is missing.(作主語)1 left my pen at home You can use hers(=her pen),(作賓語) of+名詞性物主代詞”屬雙重所有格的一種形式。eg.a cat of hers她的一條狗,a fr

15、ie nd of yours你的一個朋友(3)反身代詞 反身代詞在句中可作同位語,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,也可作動詞或介詞的賓語。eg . A few days later , I myself had to go to Paris.(作同位語)She bought herself a new bag.(作動詞賓語 )Hes not worried about himself.(作介詞賓語) 帶有反身代詞的常用短語。teach on eself 自學(xué)help on eself to隨便吃些,吧say to on eself 自言自語.lear n. by on eself 自學(xué),enjoy on esel

16、f 過得愉快leave one by on eself把某人單獨留下hurt on eself傷了自己dress on eself自己穿衣服come to on eself 蘇醒過來(4)相互代詞 表示相互關(guān)系,可用作動詞或介詞的賓語,用法區(qū)別不大。eg . For years , the two sisters looked after one another(each other). 多年來姐妹倆互相照顧。We should learn from each other.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)互相學(xué)習(xí)。 可以用格表示所有關(guān)系:each other s, one another s互相的,彼此的eg . T

17、hey are looking at each other s pictures . 他們相互看對方的照片。(5)指示代詞 指示代詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分,既可指物,也可用于介紹人。Eg This is an apple tree , and that is an orange tree.這是一棵蘋果樹,那是一棵桔子樹。These are my friends, and that is my sister .這些是我朋友,那個是我姐姐。 指示代詞可用來指上文中提到的事情:eg.Steve had a bad cold. This /That was why he didn t come to schoo

18、l yesterday 2 .不定代詞的用法(考點,難點)(1)each , every , both , all , either , neither , no, none 的用法 each每個/各個”(強(qiáng)調(diào)個體),用于兩者或兩者以上。eg . Two girls came and l gave an apple to each.來了倆姑娘,我給她們每人一個蘋果。Each of them has a nice ring.她們每人有一枚漂亮的戒指。 every每個/各個”(強(qiáng)調(diào)全體),用于兩者以上。every常作形容詞用。eg . Everyday is importa nt to us.每天

19、對我們都很重要。He has read every book(all the books) On the subject.他閱讀了所有有關(guān)這個主題的書 both表示兩者“都”(強(qiáng)調(diào)全體)。eg . Her pare nts are both doctors .她父母都是醫(yī)生。Both of them are doctors.他倆都是醫(yī)生。They both like potatoes.他倆喜歡吃土豆。 all 全體/大家/一切”用于三者以上,也可接不可數(shù)名詞。eg . That s all for today.今天至U此為止。All of us are from Chi na.我們都來自中國。

20、All the food is delicious.所有的食物都很好吃。 either 兩者之一”,用于兩者(強(qiáng)調(diào)個體)。eg . The two coats are cheap , so you can choose either of them.那兩件外套不貴,你可以隨便挑一件。 neither 兩個都不”,用于否定兩者。eg. Neither Of the books is/ are so in terest in g.那兩本書沒一本好看的。 no(=not any /not a)沒有”可接可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù),也可接不可數(shù)名詞。eg.I have no brothers Or sisters

21、.我沒有兄弟姐妹 .A clock has no mouth , but it can talk .鐘表沒有嘴,但能說話。There is no fire without some smoke.有火就有煙。 none 沒有一個人/物”用于否定三者或三者以上的可數(shù)名司。eg.No ne Of them has/ have bee n to Japa n.他們都沒去過日本。I like none of the books.這些書我全都不喜歡。 neither 和none表示完全否定;all , both , each和every(含every的復(fù)合詞)等與not連用時表示部分否定。eg . I d

22、on t know all of you.我不完全認(rèn)識你們。Not everyone Of us know how to go there.不是我們每個人都知道怎樣去那兒。(2)one , ones 禾口 no one 的用法one用來代替前面剛提到的一個東西或一個人,以免重復(fù);復(fù)數(shù)ones用來代替前面提到的一些物或一些人;no one表示否定。e g.Would you please pass me the scie nee book?給我遞過那本科學(xué)方面的書好嗎?一 Which one?哪一本?一 The one on my shelf.我書架上的那本。No one has travele

23、d farther tha n to the moon.沒有人旅行遠(yuǎn)過月球。(3)(a)few, (a)little ; many, much; some, any 的用法(考點,難點) many(+復(fù)數(shù)名詞),much(+不可數(shù)名詞)表示許多/很多”。eg . Many Of the students come from England.那些學(xué)生許多是從英國來的。Thanks , it s too much for me .謝謝,我承受不起。 few(+復(fù)數(shù)名詞),little(+不可數(shù)名詞)表示“沒多/很少”(表否定)。eg , There were few people in the s

24、treet last night.昨晚街上沒什么人。I am very worried that l have little time to finishthe job .我擔(dān)心,我?guī)缀鯖]有時間完成這份工作了。 afew(+復(fù)數(shù)名詞),a little(+不可數(shù)名詞)表示“有一些/有幾個”(表肯定)。eg.I call see a few cakes and a little bread in the fridge.我看到冰箱里有幾塊蛋糕和一些面包。注意: quite a few表示“相當(dāng)多”eg . There are quite a few students over there.那兒有相

25、當(dāng)多的學(xué)生。 some(+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞),any(+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞)表示“有一些/有幾個”(表肯定)。eg . There are some birds in the tree.樹上有些鳥。There is some water in the bottle.瓶里有些水。I don t have any brothers Of sisters.我沒有Is there any tea in the cup?杯子里有茶嗎? .some 一般用于肯定句,但在表示請求、建議。反問等的疑問句中,多用some。eg: Would you like some beer?你要不要來點啤酒嗎?Why

26、 didn t you buy some sweets?(You should have bought .)你怎么沒買點糖果 ? .a ny 一般用于疑問句和否定句及條件從句eg . There isnt any water left.沒有剩下一點水。If you have any questions, put up your hands 。 please .如果有問題,請舉手。:some+單數(shù)名詞表示某一個” ,any+單數(shù)名詞表示隨便哪一個”或任何一個”。e g. rII catch up with you some day有一天我會趕上你的。Come any day you like.你

27、哪天來都行。Tom is taller tha n any other stude nt in his class.湯姆比他班上其他任何一個學(xué)生都高。 one ,other, others, the others ,ano ther等的用法1.0 on e,the other表示兩個人或兩件東西中的“一個,另一個”eg. Mr Smith has two daughters .One is a teacher, the other is a nurse2. O 00.0 one ”,another表示不定數(shù)目中的“一個”與“另一個”。eg. I don t want this One , pl

28、ease give me another.3. O one ,the others強(qiáng)調(diào)在一定范圍中的“一個”與“其余的”。eg. In Our school One Of the teachers is American, the Others are Chinese.4. OOO some, the others表示許多人或物,不在一定范圍中的“一部分”與“其余的全部”。eg . Some students are reading, the others are drawing pictures. others=other+ 名詞; the others = the Other+ 名詞。eg

29、 . Some students like traveling, others(other students) like watching TV at home an other表示“再/又”時既可接單數(shù)名詞,也可接數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。eg. He will be able to fin ish his work in ano ther two hours.再過兩個小時他就能完成他的工作。(4)復(fù)合不定代詞的用法 復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。eg . Some one is knocking at the door.有人在敲門 修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的形容詞或其它詞要放在其后,即定語后置。

30、eg . There is something important On today snewspaper .今天的報紙有些重要新聞。 復(fù)合不定代詞變否定句時,要否定主語:eg . Something is wrong .(變?yōu)榉穸ň洌㏒omething isn t wrong.(錯誤 )Nothing is wrong.(正確) Somebody some one, someth ing 般用于肯定句; an ybody , anyone, anything 般用于否 定句、疑問句及條件句。eg . There is something new in the park.公園里有些新的景點。D

31、o you have any thi ng in terest ing to tell us?你有什么有趣的事要告訴我們嗎? 當(dāng) somebody, some one等用于疑問句時,表示肯定、請求、建議或反問;an ybody , anyone等用在肯定句中表示“任何人”。eg . Is some one coming this after noon?今天下午有客人來嗎 ?Anyone can make mistakes .任何人都可能犯錯誤。3 .疑問代詞的用法。(1)who / whom 誰(指人). 作主語eg. Who wants to go with him? 作賓語eg . Wh/

32、 Whom are you waiting for?( 作介詞 for 的賓語)eg.Who / Whom do you want to meet?( 作動詞 meet 的賓語)作表語eg.Wh/ Whom are they?(2)whose 誰的作定語eg. Whose pen is this?作表語eg. Whose is this pen?(3)which哪一個,哪一些 作定語 作表語(4)what什么 作主主語 作賓語 作表語 作定語egeg.Which girl is Kathy?.Which is the boy s ball?.What s on the table?egeg.

33、What are you doing? eg . What is he?eg . What class are you in?4 .關(guān)系代詞的用法關(guān)系代詞用來引起定語從句,它一方面代表定語從句所修飾的那個名詞或代詞,另一一方面又 在從句中充當(dāng)一個成分。eg This is the man who gave me the book .這就是給我書的那個人。The money that/ which is on the table is mi ne. 桌上的錢是我的。The money that/ which my mother gave me is on the table.我媽媽給我的錢在桌上

34、。三、形容詞(adj .)表示人和事物的特征,對名詞起修飾和描繪作用四、 副詞(adv .)表示動作特征或性狀,主要修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞及整個句子( 一)形容詞的用法及位置1 .形容詞在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等,作定語時一般放在名詞前。Eg. She has short hair.(作定語)Paul is tall.(作表語)We must keep our room clean.(作賓補(bǔ))2 .形容詞修飾不定代詞時放在其后。eg . She has someth ing importa nt to tell us. /There s nothing wrong in the sent

35、ence(二)副詞的種類、用法及位置1 .副詞的種類(1) 時間副詞 表示大體時間:now, the n , yesterday , today ,toni ght, before , just now , recen tly 表示頻率:always , usually , often , sometimes . seldom, never 其它作用:already , yet, early , soon, at once , immediately , atfirst at last(2) 地點副詞 表地點: here , there , home, abroad , upstairs ,

36、dow nstairs , any where , everywhere , n owhere, somewhere 表位置關(guān)系(后接賓語時,用作介詞 ):above, below , round , around , down, in , out , in side , outside , across , back , along , over , away , near, off,past(3) 方式副詞表示謂語動詞“怎樣地”,(此類副詞大部分由形容詞加ly構(gòu)成):badly , bravely , gratefully , calmly , carefully, carelessly

37、, nervously , proudly ,patiently , politely , sadly , properly , rapidly , wrongly , suddenly(4) 程度副詞多數(shù)用來修飾形容詞或副詞: much,little ,a bit, very ,sO,too ,eno ugh, quite, rather , completely , terribly , deeply , n early , almost , hardly(5) 疑問副詞構(gòu)成特殊疑問句:how , when, where , why(6) 連接副詞連接主語、賓語或表語從句: how , w

38、hen, where,why(7) 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句:when , where , why(8) 其它性質(zhì)的副詞 對整個句子進(jìn)行說明,一般用逗號與主句隔開:frankly( 坦率地說,說真的),generally( 一般說來),luckily( 幸運地是),first of all( 首2 .副詞的用法及位置(1)修飾動詞作狀語多數(shù)位于動詞之后,及物動詞的賓語或介問的賓語之后。eg . The farmers are working hard in the field She speaks En glish well.The nurse looks after the babies car

39、efully頻度副詞放在動詞前,情態(tài)動詞和助動詞之后。eg . He always goes to school On foot .She was ofte n late for school.I have n ever bee n to Beiji ng(2) 修飾形容詞作狀語,放在形容詞前。eg . He has a very nice watch .The box is too heavy.(3) 修飾另一副詞作狀語,放在另一副詞前。eg . She paints quite well .You speak too fast . I can t understand you.(4) 作表

40、語,放在系動詞后。eg . Is anybody in?(5) 作賓語補(bǔ)足語,放在賓語之后。eg . I saw him out just now(6) 作定語,放在名詞之后。eg . There is a man : here On vacation(7) 疑問副詞、修飾整個句子的副詞以及perh aps , first , sometimes , fin ally等副詞,一般放在句首。eg . Fin ally , I fini shed the work .Perhaps he s watching TV at home .(8) 表示程度的副詞一般放在被修飾詞前,而enough則放在它

41、所修飾的詞后。eg. He is old eno ugh to go to school.(三) 形容詞和副詞的比較等級1 .比較級、最高級的構(gòu)成(1) 單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞 一般在詞尾加 er或estgreat-greater greatest , youngyoungeryoungest , slowslower slowest 以e結(jié)尾的只加r或stnicenicer-nicest, largelarger largest . 以輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾的,先變y為i,再加er或estheavyheavierheaviest , easyeasier easiest , busybusierb

42、usiest ,funnyfunnier+funniest , earlyearlier earliest 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞,先雙寫最末的一個輔音字母,再加er或est big bigger biggest ,thinthinnerthinnest , fat )fatter fattest ,ht )fitterfittest(2) 多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞,前加more為比較級,加(the)most為最高級careful 宀more carefulmost carefulusefulmore usefulmost usefulpopular tmore popular most popul

43、arcarelesslymore carelesslymost carelessly(3) 不規(guī)則變化的詞good /well t better tbestbad / ill / badly t worseT worstmany / muchT morer mostlittle t less t leastold t older /elder t oldest(指年齡大小)/ eldest(指長幼順序)far tfarther /further tfarthest(指距離 )/ furthest(指程度)2 .形容詞和副詞比較級、最高級的用法(1) 形容詞和副詞比較級的用法 用于兩者比較,表示

44、“比,更,”:“A+系動詞+形容詞比較級+than+B ,eg . I am two years older than my little sister“ A+謂語動詞+副詞比較級+tha n+ B:eg . She gets to school earlier than the other students 用于兩者之間的同級比較,表示“,和,一樣”“ A+系動詞+as+形容詞原級+as+B,eg.Bill is as funny as his father.“ A+謂語動詞+as+副詞原級+as+Beg.Lucy speaks Chin ese as well as Lily. 表示甲在某

45、方面不如乙:“A+系動詞+notas / so+形容i司原級+as十Beg . These books aren t as interesting as those.“ A+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +not+謂語動詞+aS/ SO+Beg . She didn t sing sO well that night as she usually does. 表示某個范圍內(nèi)的兩者相比:“A十動詞十the+比較級+of短語(比較范圍)”eg . Penny is the taller of the two girls. Penny 是這兩個女孩中較高的一個。 表示“越來越,”:“比較級+and+比較級”eg

46、 . In spri ng the days are gett ing Ion ger and Ion ger.在春天,白天變得越來越長。 表示“越,越,”:“ the+比較級,the+比較級”eg . The mort : you practice using English, the better you ll learn it你英語練得越多,就會學(xué)得越好??梢杂?much, far , even, a bit , a little , a lot等修飾比較級表示程度,但決不可用 very修飾。eg . Tom is a little taller than Mikeit is even

47、colder today tha n yesterday在比較級中,為了避免重復(fù),可用.Tom比Mike稍高一點;。今天甚至比昨天更冷that或those代替前面提到過的事情。eg . The weather here is much hotter than that Ofour hometown 這兒比我的老家熱得多。The pants in this shop are a lot better tha n those in that shop.這家商店的褲子比那家商店的褲子質(zhì)量好得多。(3)形容詞和副詞最高級的用法對三者或三者以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較時用最高級。形容詞最高級前面要加定冠詞the

48、,副詞最高級前可加the,也可省掉the ;后面可帶of/in短浯來說明比較范圍:“主語+系動詞+the+形容詞最高級+of短語/ in短語”eg . She is the youngest Of all .“A+謂語動詞+(the)+最高級+of短語/ in短語”eg . Linda draws most carefully in her class.五、冠詞(art .)用在名詞前,幫助說明其意義冠詞分為不定冠詞a/an和定冠詞the,放在名詞前、a/ 3n用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前(a用于輔音音素開頭的詞前,an用于元音音素開頭的詞前)。1.不定冠詞(1) 不定冠詞的用法 泛指一類人或物。eg

49、. This is a pen cil case .She S a doctor . 指不具體的某個人或物。eg.I met an old man On my way home. 用在序數(shù)詞前,相當(dāng)于another。eg . There s a third boy near the shop. 表示“每一(個)”,相當(dāng)于every。eg . They have music less ons twice a week 固定搭配。a lot Of , a lot , a little , a few , a glass Of , such a / an, have a word with , ha

50、ve a look , have a try , have a swim , a quarter , half an hour , three times a day , have a talk , give a talk , ten Yuan a kilo(2) 不定冠詞的位置 不定冠詞一般放在所修飾的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。eg , a bike ,an egg 當(dāng)名詞被such,what,many修飾時,不定冠詞放在這些詞之后。eg . It took me half an hour to finish my homework.He left in such a hurry that he fo

51、rgot to close the door.What a dan gerous job it is!Many a man has gone to the big cities for work. 當(dāng)名詞前的形容詞前有so , how, too等詞時,不定冠詞應(yīng)放在形容詞之后。Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took thebli nd man to the stati onHow nice a film this is! 當(dāng)名詞前面有形容詞和quite , rather , very時,不定冠詞放在 quite , rather之后,very之前。eg

52、 . It is quite a good book .That is rather a useful too1.This is a very in teresti ng story2 .定冠詞的用法表示上文中所提到過的人或物。eg:l have two children, a boy and a girl . The boys name is Mark . The girl s nameis Penny.(2) 特指某(些)人或物。eg: The girl in a red dress comes from America.(3) 指說話人和聽話人都熟悉的人或物。eg: My shoes a

53、re un der the bed.(4) 用在形容最高級和部分比較級前。eg Tom is the taller of the two boys.(5) 用在序數(shù)詞前。eg Mon day is the sec ond day of a week.(6) yo用在世界上獨一無二的事物前(如太陽、月亮、世界、地球、天空、宇宙等)。cg The moon moves round the earth.(7) 用在某些形容詞前,表示一類人或物。the rich(富人),the poor( 窮人),the deaf( 聾人),the blind(盲人),the dead(死者),the wounded

54、(傷員)(8) 用在姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前,表示“某某一家人”或“某某夫婦”。eg . The Greens are having dinner at home .(9) 用在樂器前。eg . play the piano / guitar /violin /drums.(10) 用于逢“十”的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞前,指某個世紀(jì)中的幾十年代或人的大約年歲。eg. In the 1970s, a highway was built to linkup the city with my hometownI thi nk he is in the thirties.(11) 用在某些專有名詞和習(xí)慣用語中。the Unite

55、d Nations, the Great Wall , the Summer Palace , the Palace Museum , in theend, in the day , in the middle Of , all the time , in the east , by the way , On the way tO , the(more) . the(more), “越,越,”3 .不用冠詞的情況(1) 名詞前有指示代詞this , that , these , those時不用冠詞。eg . That girl is my friend(2) 名詞前有物主代詞my, your , his her , their等時不用冠詞。eg . Lucy is

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評論

0/150

提交評論