高中英語(yǔ) · 必修三：Unit4

1、高中英語(yǔ) · 必修三：Unit4astronomy /'strnmi/ n. 天文學(xué) astronomer /'strnm/ n. 天文學(xué)家 solar /'sul/ adj. 太陽(yáng)的；日光的 system /'sistm/ n. 系統(tǒng)；體系；制度 solar system 太陽(yáng)系 religion /ri'lidn/ n. 宗教；宗教信仰 theory /'iri/ n. 學(xué)說(shuō)；理論 Big Bang 宇宙大爆炸；創(chuàng)世大爆炸 atom /'ætm/ n. 原子 billion /'biljn/ pron. &

2、amp; n. & adj. <英>萬(wàn)億；<美>十億 globe /lub/ n. 球體；地球儀；地球 global /'lubl/ adj. 全球性的；全世界的 violent /'vailnt/ adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的 in time 及時(shí)；終于 carbon /'k:bn/ n. 碳 nitrogen /'naitrdn/ n. 氮 vapour /'veip/ n. （= vapor）蒸氣；水蒸氣 atmosphere /'ætmsfi/ n. 大氣層；氣氛 unlike /n'

3、laik/ prep. 不同；不像 fundamental /fnd'mentl/ adj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的 presence /'prezns/ n. 出席；到場(chǎng)；存在 dissolve /di'zlv/ vt. & vi. 溶解；解散 harmful /'h:mful/ adj. 有害的 acid /'æsid/ n. 酸 chain /tein/ n. 鏈子；連鎖；鎖鏈 reaction /ri'ækn/ n. 反應(yīng)；回應(yīng) multiply /'mltiplai/ vi. & vt. 乘；增加 o

4、xygen /'ksidn/ n. 氧 shellfish /'elfi/ n. 水生有殼動(dòng)物 amphibian /æm'fibin/ n. 兩棲動(dòng)物 reptile /'reptail/ n. 爬行動(dòng)物；爬蟲(chóng) lay eggs 下蛋 dinosaur /'dains:/ n. 恐龍 exist /i'zist/ vi. 存在；生存 mammal /'mæml/ n. 哺乳動(dòng)物 give birth to 產(chǎn)生；分娩 thus /ðs/ adv. 因此；于是 in ones turn 輪到某人；接著 dio

5、xide /dai'ksaid/ n. 二氧化物 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 prevent . from 阻止；制止puzzle /'pzl/ n. 謎；難題 vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）為難 biology /bai'ldi/ n. 生物學(xué) biologist /bai'ldist/ n. 生物學(xué)家 gravity /'rævti/ n. 萬(wàn)有引力；重力 satellite /'sætlait/ n. 衛(wèi)星；人造衛(wèi)星 gentle /'dentl/ adj. 溫和的；文雅的 geolo

6、gist /di'ldist/ n. 地質(zhì)學(xué)家 physicist /'fizisist/ n. 物理學(xué)家 block out 擋住（光線） extinct /ik'stikt/ adj. 滅絕的；絕種的 climate /'klaimit/ n. 氣候 comet /'kmit/ n. 慧星 crash /kræ/ vi. & vt. 碰撞；墜落 Isaac Newton /'aizk 'nju:tn/ 艾薩克·牛頓 (英國(guó)科學(xué)家) Albert Einstein /'ælbt 'a

7、instain/ 阿爾伯特·愛(ài)因斯坦(德裔美國(guó)科學(xué)家) Stephen Hawking /'sti:vn 'h:ki/ 斯蒂芬·霍金(英國(guó)科學(xué)家) spaceship /'speisip/ n. 宇宙飛船 pull /pul/ n. & vt. 拉（力）；拖；牽引力 lessen /'lesn/ vi. & vt. 減少；減輕 cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮 float /flut/ vi. & vt. （使）浮動(dòng)；（使）漂浮 n. 漂浮物 weightlessly /'weitlisli/ adv. 失

8、重地 cabin /mæs/ n. 小屋；船艙 mass /'kæbin/ n. 質(zhì)量；團(tuán)；塊；大量；<復(fù)>群眾 now that 既然 get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解 break out 突發(fā)；爆發(fā) exhaust /i'z:st/ vt. 用盡；耗盡；使精疲力盡 watch out for 密切注視；當(dāng)心；提防HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNo one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, acc

9、ording to a widely accepted theory,the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. After that,atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.沒(méi)有人確切地知道地球是如何開(kāi)始的，就像很久以前發(fā)生的那樣。然而，根據(jù)一種廣為接受的理論，宇宙從一個(gè)“大爆炸”開(kāi)始，它把物質(zhì)拋向各個(gè)方向。在那之后，原子開(kāi)始形成并結(jié)合起來(lái)形成恒星和其他的身體。For several billion

10、years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly wi

11、th fire and rock. They were in time to producecarbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earthsatmosphere. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.數(shù)十億年來(lái)在“大爆炸”后,地球還只是一團(tuán)塵埃是什么變得不確定,直到4.5至38億年前,當(dāng)塵埃落定成固體地球。地球變得如此猛烈，以至于不

12、清楚它的形狀是否會(huì)持續(xù)下去。它以火和巖石大聲爆炸。他們及時(shí)生產(chǎn)出了碳、氮、水蒸氣和其他氣體，這些氣體是用來(lái)制造地球大氣層的。更重要的是，隨著地球的冷卻，水開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)在地表.Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but unlike the earth, it had disappeared later. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. What many scientists bel

13、ieve is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced achain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.水也曾出現(xiàn)在火星等其他行星上，但與地球不同的是，它后來(lái)消失了。水對(duì)生命的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的，這一點(diǎn)并不是顯而易見(jiàn)的。許多科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，水的持續(xù)存在使地球能夠?qū)⒂泻Φ臍怏w和酸溶解到海洋和海洋中。這產(chǎn)生了連鎖反

14、應(yīng)，使生命有可能發(fā)展。Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Next, green plants began to grow on land

15、. They were followed in time by land animals. Some were insects. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water. Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. They produced young generallyby laying eggs. After that, some huge animals, ca

16、lled dinosaurs, developed. They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth. These animal

17、s were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.數(shù)百萬(wàn)年之后，第一批極其微小的植物開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)在水面上。它們?cè)诤Ｑ蠛秃Ｑ笾写罅糠敝?，使海洋和海洋充滿(mǎn)了氧氣，從而促進(jìn)了早期的貝類(lèi)和各種魚(yú)類(lèi)的發(fā)展。接下來(lái)，綠色植物開(kāi)始在陸地上生長(zhǎng)。他們被陸地動(dòng)物跟蹤。有些是昆蟲(chóng)。其他的被稱(chēng)為兩棲動(dòng)物，它們能夠生活在陸地上，也可以生活在水里。后來(lái)，當(dāng)這些植物長(zhǎng)成森林時(shí)，爬行動(dòng)物第一次出現(xiàn)了。他們通常通過(guò)產(chǎn)卵來(lái)生產(chǎn)。在

18、那之后，一些巨大的動(dòng)物，被稱(chēng)為恐龍，發(fā)展起來(lái)了。他們也在地球上放置了超過(guò)1.4億年的蛋。然而，6500萬(wàn)年前恐龍時(shí)代結(jié)束了。為什么它們突然消失仍然是個(gè)謎。這種消失使得哺乳動(dòng)物在地球上的崛起成為可能。這些動(dòng)物不同于以往的所有生命形式，因?yàn)樗鼈兩铝诵?dòng)物，并生產(chǎn)了牛奶來(lái)喂養(yǎng)它們。Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. Thus they have, in their turn, be

19、come the most important animals on the planet. But they are not looking after the earth very well. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to l