什么可以做主語謂語賓語

1、1、 什么是主語？主語表示句子主要說明的人或事物什么可以做主語？名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式、名詞化的形容詞、短語、從句。名詞作主語David arrived last night. 大衛(wèi)昨晚到達(dá)The temperature will stay above zero. 溫度將會(huì)保持0度以上。There are many different kinds of mooncakes. 有許多種月餅。There will be a strong wind. 將有一陣強(qiáng)風(fēng)。代詞作主語 Who is speaking, please? （在電話中）請(qǐng)問您是誰？ He o

2、ften reads English.他經(jīng)常讀英語。(簡單句)Tom and Mike are American boys.（兩個(gè)主語的簡單句）She likes drawing and often draws pictures for me.（兩個(gè)謂語的簡單句）You help him and he helps you.（并列句） I like tea while she likes coffee. (.轉(zhuǎn)折并列句)She looks young, but she is already in her 30s.（轉(zhuǎn)折并列句）Hurry up, or youll be late.（選擇并列句）I

3、 am thirsty , for it is hot. 我口渴，因?yàn)樘鞖馓珶帷＃ㄒ蚬P(guān)系并列句）The manager was ill so I went in her place.經(jīng)理病了，所以我去代她。（因果關(guān)系并列句）That is OK. 這沒問題。 It is a young forest. 它是一片年輕的森林。I do not know if it will grow. 我不知道它是否會(huì)生長。 That is a bit expensive. 那是有一點(diǎn)貴。You had better buy a new pair. 你最好買一雙新的。 W

4、hats this ? Its a bus. (指代what) Whos knocking the door? Its me. (指代 who) Whos the baby in the picture? Its my sister. (指代 who) Whats the time? Its eight oclock. (時(shí)間) Whats it going to be tomorrow? Its going to be rainy.(天氣) How far is it? Its about one kilometre away. (距離)&#

5、160;數(shù)詞作主語 Two will be enough. 兩個(gè)就夠了。 One and two is three. 一加二等于三。One is not enough for me. I want one more. 一個(gè)不夠?qū)τ谖?，我想再要一個(gè)。 Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。動(dòng)名詞作主語 Skating is good exercise. 溜冰是很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)。 Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time. 從字典

6、里查所有的生詞花費(fèi)了他許多時(shí)間。 不定式作主語 To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work. 把理想轉(zhuǎn)變成現(xiàn)實(shí)需要辛勤的勞動(dòng)。To give is better than to receive =It is better to give. 給予比獲取好。To get to sleep is difficult.=It is difficult to get to sleep. 入睡困難。To see you again is glad.=It is glad to see you again. 很高興再

7、次見到你。To see was difficult.=It was difficult to see. 難于看見。To swim in summer is good.=It is good to swim in summer. 夏天游泳很好。名詞化的形容詞作主語 The unemployed usually lead a hard life. 失業(yè)的人生活一般很困難。 The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country. 在我們國家，盲人和肢殘人受到很好的照顧。 短語作主語 How to do well is a

8、n important question. 如何把這件事做好是一個(gè)重要問題。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. 早睡早起身體好。 主語從句作主語 ，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。What has happened proves that our policy is right. 發(fā)生的一切證明我們的政策是對(duì)的。 Whether we'll go depends on the weather. 我們是否去要看天氣。 二、什么是謂語？謂語部分,是針對(duì)主語而言的。通常用來描述主語的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或特征。簡單謂語由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞或者不及物

9、動(dòng)詞）或短語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的謂語,就是簡單謂語。不管這些謂語動(dòng)詞是什么時(shí)態(tài),語態(tài),語氣,都是簡單謂語。助動(dòng)詞有am, is , are, was, were, be, been, being, did ,do ,does, have, has , had, will, would, shall, should.短語動(dòng)詞（不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞） go to 去 come to 來 look like 看起來像 look after照顧We come （不及物動(dòng)詞）我們來了 (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)) My pet disappeared。（不及物動(dòng)詞）我的寵物失蹤了。(一般過去時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài))The sun r

10、ises.（不及物動(dòng)詞） 太陽升起來了。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)) The door opened.（不及物動(dòng)詞） 門開了。(一般過去時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài))The plane took off（不及物動(dòng)詞） at seven o'clock. 飛機(jī)已在7點(diǎn)起飛.(一般過去時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài))Jack was seen to swim across the river. 有人看到杰克游過河了.（一般過去時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài))We study（及物動(dòng)詞） English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。 (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)) I like（及物動(dòng)詞） flowers.我喜歡花。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)) She

11、 has（及物動(dòng)詞） a book. 她有一本書。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)) She hates（及物動(dòng)詞） you. 她討厭你。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)語態(tài)) My sister cooked（及物動(dòng)詞） dinner. 我妹妹煮飯。(一般過去時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài))We plant（及物動(dòng)詞） trees in spring every year. 我們每年春天都種許多樹.There sat （不及物動(dòng)詞）a scientist among the students. 學(xué)生中間坐著一個(gè)科學(xué)家。There lies （不及物動(dòng)詞）a big river between the two towns. 這兩個(gè)村莊之

12、間有一條河。We are coming.（一般現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）我們正在來，我們將要來。She is leaving.（一般現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))她正要離開。You are learning English.（一般現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）你正在學(xué)習(xí)英語。It is done by me. （一般現(xiàn)在被動(dòng)時(shí)態(tài)) 我做的它。You are to explain this.(命令的語態(tài)）.你必須解釋這事。He is to go to New York next week.(一般將來時(shí)態(tài)） 他下周要去紐約。I made your birthday cake last night. (一般過去時(shí)主動(dòng)語態(tài))What  do

13、es  this  word  mean? 這個(gè)單詞是什么意思？ You had better  catch  a  bus. 你最好乘坐公交車。I do not like bananas.我不喜歡香蕉。 I do like bananas.我真的確實(shí)喜歡香蕉。I go to his home.我去他的家。 He looks like thin.他看起來是瘦的。He looks after me .他照顧我。 He comes to our school.他來我們的學(xué)校。The train is going up the hill.火

14、車正在上山。 The train is going down the hill.火車正在下山。2、復(fù)合謂語： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有can, could, may, might, must, have to , shall, should, will, would, dare, need, ought to, used to，had better,would rather,I wont do it  again.。我不會(huì)再做它 I will go and move away the bag。我會(huì)移走這個(gè)袋子的。This cant be done by him.他不

15、可能做這事。 It must have rained last night.昨晚一定下雨了。He may not have finished the work.他可能沒有完成工作。 He dared not do that 他不敢做那事。I would rather have taken his advice.我寧愿已經(jīng)聽取了他的意見。復(fù)合謂語：連系動(dòng)詞+表語。連系動(dòng)詞和表語在意思上緊密聯(lián)系，不宜分割。系動(dòng)詞有 am, is , are, was, were.名詞作表語 This is a book. 這是一本書。 She is a doctor. 她是一個(gè)醫(yī)生。數(shù)詞作表語 You are s

16、even. 你是七歲。 Two and three is five.二加三是五。形容詞作表語 She is beautiful.她是漂亮的 He is clever.他是聰明的 I feel good 我感覺好I am feeling good.我現(xiàn)在感覺好 You  look  the same. 你(們)看起來一樣.The weather has turned  cold. 天氣已經(jīng)變冷了. 副詞作表語 You are there.你是在那兒。 She is out. 她是在外面。He is away.他離開了。 He have been away. 他已經(jīng)離

17、開了。 He must have been away. 他一定已經(jīng)離開了。介詞、 介詞短語作表語 You are on duty. 你在值日 Everything is in good order.每件事都安排就緒了。She is in good health.她身體健康。 My  pen  is in my bag. 我的鋼筆在我的書包里。The train is near the house. 火車在房子附近。 The train is at the station. 火車在車站。The train is up the hill火車在上山。 The train is d

18、own the hill火車在下山。There is a dog in the park. 公園里有一只狗。There are four birds in the sky. 天空中有四只鳥。 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作表語 It is surprising. 它是令人驚訝的。 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作表語I am surprised. 我感到驚訝的。 I felt  tired  all the time. 我整天感到疲憊.You are well prepared. 你是很好的準(zhǔn)備了的。動(dòng)名詞作表語Your task is cleaning. 你的任務(wù)是做清潔What I like m

19、ost is swimming. 我最喜歡的是游泳。My job is teaching English. 我的工作是教英語。動(dòng)詞不定式作表語 His job is to feed the animals. 他的工作是喂動(dòng)物。Our aim is to hold the Games. 我們的目標(biāo)是舉辦運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。All I could do is to wait. 所有我能做的是等待。表語從句作表語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。The question is whether he will come or not. 問題是他來不來。The problem is how many people will com

20、e. 問題是有多少人會(huì)來。His suggestion is that we should stay clam. 他的建議是我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜。That is what he is worried about. 那是他擔(dān)心的事。That is where he was born. 那是他出生的地方。3、 什么是賓語？賓語是動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承受者，常位于及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后面。賓語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語從句等來擔(dān)任。名詞作賓語 I like apples. 我喜歡蘋果。 She is watching TV. 她正在看電視。代詞作賓語 We like him.我們喜歡他

21、 She find it.她找到了它。數(shù)詞作賓語 Give me four. 給我四個(gè)。動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語 We all like to go to school. 我們都喜歡去上學(xué)。 I dont want to be fat .我不想成為胖的。動(dòng)名詞做賓語。 We all like swimming.我們都喜歡游泳。賓語從句作賓語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。I think he is right.我認(rèn)為他是正確的。Mary thinks that the teams are fantastic.瑪麗認(rèn)為那個(gè)組很棒。He asked me where my school was.他問我學(xué)校在哪里 I d

22、idnt know who she was.我不知道她是誰。四、什么是定語？定語是附加在主語或者賓語的前面，用來修飾或限制主語、賓語的詞或詞組。名詞作定語 I like cotton goods. 我喜歡棉織品 I like my history teacher. 我喜歡我的歷史老師。 She has the telephone number.她有電話號(hào)碼。代詞作定語 His book is on the desk. 他的書是在他的書桌上。 Her pen is in the bag. 她的筆是在包里 she eats my apple.她吃蘋果。 數(shù)詞作定語 She has seven ap

23、ples. 她有七個(gè)蘋果 I have two ducks.我有兩只鴨子 He eats three eggs.他吃三個(gè)蘋果。形容詞作定語 I have a golden watch. 她有一個(gè)金色的手表 She has a big room 她有一個(gè)大的房間。 he likes beautiful city.他喜歡漂亮的城市。介詞短語作定語 Think of the people in need of help. 想一想需要幫助的人們。 動(dòng)詞不定式作定語 He wants water to drink.他想要水喝 She has a child to take care of .她有一個(gè)孩子

24、要照顧。He has on friend to depend on .他沒有朋友依靠。動(dòng)的ing 形式做定語 I have a swimming pool. 我有一個(gè)游泳池。 He is cleaning the reading room.他正在打掃閱覽室Give me some writing paper.給我一些書寫紙。過去分詞作定語 We are drinking polluted water.我們正在喝被污染的水。We need qualified workers.我需要合格的員工。定語從句作定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。 I have an apple that is red.我有一個(gè)紅蘋

25、果。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一個(gè)父親是醫(yī)生的朋友。I like the book whose color is yellow. 我喜歡黃色的書。The boys who are playing football are from class one .正在打籃球的男孩們來自一班。Mr liu is the person whom you talked with on the bus.劉先生就是那個(gè)你和他在公交車上說話的人。This is the pen which he bought yesterday.這是他昨天買的筆。五、賓語

26、+賓語補(bǔ)足語=復(fù)合賓語 什么是賓語補(bǔ)足語？名詞作賓補(bǔ) She found him a very clever boy.她發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個(gè)非常聰明的男孩。I called her Jenny.我叫她珍妮。 We elected Yangling our monitor.我們選楊林做我們的班長。形容詞作賓補(bǔ) I found the movie interesting。我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)電影有趣。She has her hands blank。她使她的手變黑。副詞作賓補(bǔ) I followed him in .我跟隨他進(jìn)去了。 I saw you out .我看見你出去了。介詞短語作賓補(bǔ) I found ever

27、ything in good condition.我發(fā)現(xiàn)每件事都有條不紊。She found herself in a different world.她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在一個(gè)不同的世界。They acknowledged him as their chief。 他們選他做他們的班長。動(dòng)詞的ing 形式做賓補(bǔ) He saw a girl getting on the tractor. 他看見一個(gè)男孩上了拖拉機(jī)。I hear someone knocking at the door. 我聽見有人在敲門。She feels the cold wind blowing on her face. 她感覺冷風(fēng)吹

28、他的臉。動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作賓補(bǔ) I must get my bike repaired. 我必須使我的自行車被修理。I found the girl beaten black and blue. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊的。動(dòng)詞不定式做賓補(bǔ) The teacher told us to do Excercise 1。這個(gè)老師讓我做練習(xí)1 I want both of you to go.。我想你們兩個(gè)都去。I like you to keep everything tidy。我喜歡你保持每樣?xùn)|西都整潔。6、 什么叫狀語？表示句子的八個(gè)狀態(tài)：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、狀態(tài)、目的、結(jié)果、方式、程度。

29、名詞作狀語 Wait a moment.等一會(huì)兒。 It can go all day and all night.它能每日每夜運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。副詞作狀語 She studies hard.她學(xué)習(xí)努力。 I am very tired.我很累。 I go home. 我回家。Suddenly it began to rain. 突然，天開始下雨了。 How beautiful it is! 它是多么漂亮!How cold the weather is !天氣是多么冷!動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語 He went to see a film. 他想去看電影。My father was surprised to hear the news. 聽到這個(gè)消息，我的父親被驚訝到了。介詞短語作狀語 Please come here in the evening. 請(qǐng)晚上到這里來。 He wrote with a red pencil. 他用紅筆寫字。現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 He sat there re