非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在高考中的考點(diǎn)及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在高考中的考點(diǎn)及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)一非謂語(yǔ)題的解題總方法與思路：1.先看四個(gè)答案：如果四個(gè)答案分別為動(dòng)詞原形、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等情況，那么這個(gè)題多半是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞題。2.看符號(hào)：中間有個(gè)逗號(hào)，末尾有個(gè)句號(hào)（有時(shí)中間沒有逗號(hào)）；3.看有沒有連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）。如果用逗號(hào)隔開的兩個(gè)部分都沒有連接詞的話，一部分是句子時(shí)，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的動(dòng)詞就是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。4.定語(yǔ)態(tài)：如果本句的主語(yǔ)（或動(dòng)詞自帶的邏輯主語(yǔ)）與它是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主語(yǔ)（或動(dòng)詞自帶的邏輯主語(yǔ)）與它是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系（被動(dòng)關(guān)系），那么答案一般用Ved形式。5.定時(shí)態(tài)：如果非

2、謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作比謂語(yǔ)先（或先很久）發(fā)生，那么非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done），否則我們要用非謂語(yǔ)的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。Eg. 1._ for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.A. Being scolded B. Having been scolded C. To be scolded D. Scolding 【1答案：B】二非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可能出

3、現(xiàn)的考查點(diǎn)及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：一)使用非謂動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)。1） 在“句子, and/or/but +句子” 的并列句結(jié)構(gòu)中，可能會(huì)考查“以動(dòng)詞原形開頭”的祈使句，四個(gè)答案表面上象非謂語(yǔ)，其實(shí)考查的是謂語(yǔ)。2._hard and you will succeed in the exam.3._hard or you will fail in the exam.A. Study B. To study C. Studying D. Studied 【2、3答案：AA】2） 在“句子，非句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中，非句子部分用非謂語(yǔ)：4. The teacher devoted his life to his career

4、, _ most of his students successful in study.A. make B. to make C. making D. made 【4答案：C】3） 在“非句子，句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中，非句子部分用非謂語(yǔ)：5. _with children, I know what is needed most.A. Working B. Having worked C. Worked D. To work 【5答案：B】4) 在“with + 賓語(yǔ)+ 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：6. With her baby _ on her back, the woman w

5、as cleaning the rich mans house.A. sleep B. slept C. to sleep D. sleeping 【6答案：D】7. With his hair _ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.A. cut B. to be cut C. cutting D. to cut 【7答案：B】5） 在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear等使讓動(dòng)詞或感觀動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，也可能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。8. He made his sister _ by

6、 taking away her toy.9. His sister was made _ by his taking away her toy.A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried 【8、9答案： A B】10. the policeman found the thief _ his hand into an old mans pocket and arrested him.A. put B. putting C. to put D. being put 【10答案：B】二). 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：1） 表面上考分詞，實(shí)際上考形容詞的情況：11._ , h

7、e fell asleep quickly.A. Tire B. Tiring C. Tired D. To tire 【11答案：C】12.The man won a big prize, _and _.A. surprised ; happy B. surprising ; happy C. surprised ; pleasant D. surprising ; pleased 【12答案：A】13. _ in thought of the problems, the man didnt realize his girlfriends coming in.A. Losing B. Los

8、t C. To lose D. Having lost 【13答案：B】14. The students _ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school.A. interest B. interesting C. interested D. To interest 【14答案：C】2) 在“被動(dòng)形式表主動(dòng)”情況中出題：15. _ a white skirt, the girl looks like an angel.A. Worn B. wear C. dressed in D. dressing 【15答案：C】(wea

9、r的后面加衣服；dress表示動(dòng)作時(shí)，后面要加人而不加衣；be dressed in是固定搭配，其中的dressed已經(jīng)演變成形容詞，本是其實(shí)可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt省略而來的。)16. _ in an armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips.A. Sit B. Sat C. Seating D. Seated 【16答案：D】 （Sit是動(dòng)詞，這里應(yīng)該用sitting; seat作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后不加凳子，要加人，而且這個(gè)詞一般用被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意

10、義。）3） 在“主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)”的情況中出題：17._ tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.A. Look B. Looking C. Looked D. Looking 【17答案：D】 （look在本題中不是實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，而是感觀系動(dòng)詞，系動(dòng)詞在非謂語(yǔ)中用主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)。）18. With many problems _ _ , the newly selected president will have a hard time. A. remain; unsettled B. remaining; un

11、settled C. remained ; unsettling D. remained; unsettling 【18答案：B】（用with開頭的部分在這里是一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，不是句子，因此用非謂語(yǔ)，而remain表示“仍然；仍然是”時(shí)是系動(dòng)詞，只能用主動(dòng)形式；problems與unsettle是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系或被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞unsettled.）19. Having some clothes _, I cannot join you to see the film.A. to wash B. to be washed C. washed D . washing 【19答案： A】（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足

12、語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；雖然衣服應(yīng)該是被洗，但是當(dāng)句子主語(yǔ)與不定式為主謂關(guān)系時(shí)，我們用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)。） 20. _ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school.A. To write B. Writing C. being written D. Written 【20答案 ：B】 20解析：動(dòng)詞如果不是表示動(dòng)作，而是表示物體具有某種性質(zhì)或特征時(shí)，往往用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)。4）從“主語(yǔ)一致或主語(yǔ)不一致”角度出題：逗號(hào)分開的前后兩部分有時(shí)邏輯主語(yǔ)一致，有時(shí)邏輯主語(yǔ)不一致。邏輯主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般要自帶邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種現(xiàn)象叫做“分詞的獨(dú)立

13、主格結(jié)構(gòu)。”21. _ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man.A. To see B. Seeing C. Seen D. Saw 【21答案：C】21解析：空格處的動(dòng)詞本身沒有帶主語(yǔ)，那么本句的主語(yǔ)the mountain就要做其邏輯主語(yǔ)，由于the mountain與see是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以我們選用過去分詞。22. _, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 【22答案：C】 A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Ti

14、me permitting D. Time's permitting22 解析：permit與I沒有主謂關(guān)系，也沒有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，permit自帶了邏輯主語(yǔ)time(“時(shí)間允許的話”)，而time與permit為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。三） 注意的幾點(diǎn)：1） 有些分詞有時(shí)可作分詞有時(shí)又可作形容詞。23. _ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 【23答案C】24. _ with difficulties, we should not give in.【24答案B】A. To face B. Faced C. Facing D. face23

15、、24解析：23題中的face是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，由于與Liu Hunan是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，我們用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，；24題中實(shí)際上考查了be faced with這一固定搭配，其中的faced看成形容詞。25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, _ to help solve the crisis.26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, _ at helping solve the crisis.A. aim B. aiming C. aimed D. to aim 【25選B 26選

16、C】25、26解析：25題考查了動(dòng)詞aim to do sth.(旨在做某事)，；26題考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. (旨在做某事)其中的aimed看成形容詞27. Though _ money, his parents sent him to a key university.28. Though _ in money, his parents sent him to a key university.29. Though in _ of money, his parents sent him to a key university.A. lack B. lack

17、ing C. lacked D. to lack 【27選B、28選B、29選A】27、28、29解析：27題中非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞lacking（與his parents及money分別構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系和動(dòng)賓關(guān)系）；28題中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in(“缺少”)，其中的lacking 為形容詞；29題考查了固定搭配（介賓結(jié)構(gòu)）in lack of(“缺少”)，其中的lack是名詞，這其實(shí)是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主語(yǔ)和were而業(yè)的2） 作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，doing與(only)to do的區(qū)別。表示結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞（

18、v+ing）表示意料之中的結(jié)果；而不定式（to do/ only to do）表示意料之外的結(jié)果：30. His parents were killed in the accident,(thus )_ him an orphan.A. leave B. leaving C. left D. to leave 【 30選B】30解析：他父母出了事故，他變成了孤兒就是意料之中在事情了，用現(xiàn)在分詞表結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 31. I hurried to school, only _ that it was Sunday. 【31選D】A. find B. finding C. found D. to fin

19、d31解析：發(fā)現(xiàn)是星期天是我匆忙趕到學(xué)校意料之外的結(jié)果，說明我忘記了，如果我知道是星期天就不可能還匆忙地趕到學(xué)校了。用不定式表意料之外的的結(jié)果。3） 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之to do 與doing 的區(qū)別。32. _is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 【32選B】A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk不定式做主語(yǔ)常表示具體的一次性的動(dòng)作;動(dòng)句詞表示一般的經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，多次散步才會(huì)有利于健康。4） 演變成了介詞或連詞的分詞。英語(yǔ)中有些詞表面上看是分詞，但實(shí)際上已經(jīng)變成了介詞，因此應(yīng)該用i

20、ng形式還是分詞ed形式已經(jīng)變得約定俗成了。這時(shí)往往不適用非謂動(dòng)詞規(guī)則，而是看英美人士的習(xí)慣。33. _her age，she looks quite youngAConsider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering33解析：題意是：“就她的年齡而論，她顯得十分年輕。”這里的considering表示“考慮到；鑒于”，它已經(jīng)變成了介詞，不管是“考慮還是被考慮”這里都用considering。高中階段我們還學(xué)過的有：介詞concerningregardingaccording toincludingowing to關(guān)于關(guān)于根據(jù)；按照包括因?yàn)?；?/p>

21、于連詞givensupposingseeing (that)imagingproviding/provided鑒于假如因?yàn)?；既然假如假?） 有些非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是省略而來的，有些則不是。34. _ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 【34選B】A. Be scolded B. Scolded C. Scolding D. To scold34解析：scold與the girl是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)；其實(shí)這個(gè)句子也是由一個(gè)完整的原因狀語(yǔ)從句省略來的。原句為：Because the girl was scolded by her moth

22、er, the girl burst into tears.當(dāng)主從復(fù)合句的主語(yǔ)一致，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞里有be 動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把 “連詞+主語(yǔ)+be” 部分省略。35. _ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. 【35選B】A. Studying B. Having studied C. Having been studied D. To study35解析：逗號(hào)前面部分不是句子省略而來，由于he 與study是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，加上study在先（有5年了），被 叫做“專家”在后，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)完成式6）

23、“連詞+分詞”和“介詞+動(dòng)名詞”的區(qū)別。36. if _ another hour, I would have finished it better.(give的恰當(dāng)形式填空)。37. While _ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.(do的恰當(dāng)形式填空)6、37解析：36.given 是由if I had been given another hour省略來的，if 在省略前省略后都是連詞；37.doing 是由while the boy are doing homework省略來的，while在省略前后都是連詞38. Aft

24、er _ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.(graduate的恰當(dāng)形式填空)39. Before_ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldnt resign.(select的恰當(dāng)形式填空)38、39解析：38. graduating/graduation after 這時(shí)是個(gè)介詞，所以后面總是用動(dòng)名詞，如果改為after he graduated，那么這個(gè)after就變成了連詞。39題中的before用法與after 一樣，后面加句子時(shí)，是連詞，后

25、面只加一個(gè)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要用動(dòng)名詞形式，并充當(dāng)介詞。所以39填selecting非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專練：1. While watching television, _.A. the doorbell rang B. we heard the doorbell ring C. there was someone knocking at the door D. we heard the doorbell rung2 China is known greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.Ato changeBhaving ch

26、angedCchangingDto have changed3 Im afraid well have to work extra hours, for there are still some problems Aremaining to settleBremaining to be settledCremained to talk aboutDto remain to discuss4. We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike _us his car just for a day. A. lending B. lend

27、 C. to lend D. lent 5 The local government is trying all out to find out who is the forest fireAto blame for startingBto blame to startCto be blamed for startingDto be blamed to start6 The railway bridge _ by 2012 will provide a faster route to transport goodsAto be completed Bis completed Ccomplete

28、d Dbeing completed 7 All the class except Eddie, who is ill,_thereAwere expecting going Bis expected to goCwas expecting going Dare expected to go8. The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed _ more than 100,0130 people and makes millions homeless, _ it perhaps the most destroying ear

29、thquake in history.A. to kill; making B. to have killed; making C. having killed; to make D. killing; made9I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea when _ itAshall we have Bwill we have Cto have Dhaving10. What are you busy with?The conference_in our city next week, as you know.

30、A. held B. will be held C. be holding D. to be held11. An air France jet is reported in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 people aboard，the airlines worst disaster in its 75-year historyAto have crashed Bto have been crashed C. having crashed Dhaving been crashed12.Her husband and she are now at work on a

31、 new dictionary _ next year.A. to publish B. being publishedC. publishedD. to be published13 The 2010 World Expo _ in Shanghai is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors from home and abroad.A. to holdB. to be held C. heldD. to be holding14. When the telephone rang, I happened_in the kitch

32、en, but when I came over to get it, it rang off.A. to cook B. to have cookedC. to be cooking D. having cooked15 I'm wondering why the visitors chose to stay with the host family. _real local life.A. Experiencing B. ExperienceC. To experience D. Having experienced16. Why do you want the radio so

33、much?- to the news, sir.A. ListeningB. ListensC. ListenedD. To listen17. The government has done everything it can the buried miners.A. to save B. saving C. save D. saved18. people have food and water, the government has sent enough supplies to quake-hit Yushu.A. Make sure B. To make sure C. Making

34、sure D. Made sure19 Our teachers often tell us, “the harder you study, the more questions you will thinkof ”Aasking Bto ask Cbeing asked Dto be asked 20. To greatly raise peoples living conditions, _.A. all kinds of measures have takenB. they have taken all kinds of measuresC. it is said that they h

35、ave taken all kinds of measuresD. I think they have taken all kinds of measures21._ the growing number of patients, the clinic had to extend its service from five days to seven days a week.A. To accommodate B. Accommodating C. Being accommodated D. Accommodated 22. Ted and his friends established a

36、website offering useful information about thunderstorms _ similar accidents happening.A. prevent B. preventingC. to prevent D. prevented23._ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline +86-21-962010. A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out24. He hu

37、rried to the hotel, only _ his girlfriend had left.A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told25. _60 miles a day, you need your mountain bike in a very good state.A. Cover B. Covered C. To cover D. Having covered26 Our monitor， it clear to us that he didnt want to waste time playing computer gamesl

38、eft the Internet bar quickly.Amade Bhaving made Cmaking Dhad made27. _ by greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven28 _ the chapter four times, I finally understood the author's theoryAReading BHaving read CTo read D

39、Read29. Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry, with so much work _ my mind, I almost break down.A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled30. The manager, _his factorys products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training. A. knowing B. known C. to k

40、now D. being known31 The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards, _ the best in film for 2009, was held on Sunday, March 7, 2010.A. to honorB. honoringC. honoredD. having honored32 The Hotel Al Arab _ the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.Awas considered B

41、considering Cbeing considered Dconsidered33In 1888, a major French newspaper announced the death of Nobel in an article _ “The merchant of death is dead”, which indicated that Nobel was only thought of as one _ from killing.A. read; profitingB. read; to profitC. reading; profitedD. reading; profitin

42、g34. Nowadays, many people about eating habits what they believe.A. take choices; base on B. make choices; based onC. do choices; basing on D. have choices; to base on35. China has a population of 1.3 billion, _ it the largest country in the world by population.A. making B. made C. makes D. to make3

43、6 Three times in a row ,the boxer decided to give up fighting.AHaving defeatedBTo have defeatedCHaving been defeatedDTo have been defeated37 after a long walk， Henry called and said he couldnt come for our partyAHaving worn out BWearing outCWorn out DTo be worn out38 According to the report, people

44、in the areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads to the areas have been repaired.Aflooded; leadBflooding; leadingCflooding; to leadDflooded; leading39.What are on show in the museum?Some pictures _ by middle-school students.A. taking B. having been takenC . taken D. being taken40.They plan to

45、go abroad for a holiday with all the task _ahead of time.A. to finish B. finished C. finishing D. having finished41._, in some areas the electricity was cut off, _ residents in 8 counties spend their lunar New Years Eve in darkness.A. Making matters worse, makingB. What was worse, to makeC. Worse st

46、ill, makingD. To make matters worse, to make42.From the school name on the package, we guessed that it might belong to a student of our school.A. to mark B. marking C. marked D. having been marked43. In summer, food will go bad if_in room temperature.Aleaving       

47、;         Bleft                      Cbeing left             Dhaving left44 Once this city, you

48、ll find that there is so much surprise waiting for you to discoverAvisiting Bvisit Cvisited Dto visit45 Subway Line 4， into use in September 2009，has made traveling in Beijing easier Ahaving been put Bputting Cbeing put Dput46. - Is there any possibility of the film _ in Paris International Festival

49、? - Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it. A. trying out B. tried out C. to try out D. being tried out47. With three children school, the couple have to leave their hometown in the countryside and work in big cities throughout the year.A. attendingB. to attendingC. atte

50、ndedD. being attended48. When I came in, I found Lucy_by the window _to music.A. seated； listening B. seated; listenedC. seating ； listened D. seating ； listening49. You should understand the math problem now, you have had it _three times.A. explaining B. to explain C. explained D. explain50 Stella

51、was disappointed to find her new plan and fell into great depression.Aput awayBcarried outCturned down Dleft out非謂語(yǔ)專練習(xí)題解析1B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。根據(jù)watching television可知，主句的主語(yǔ)為“我們”，并且hear后接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。故選B。2D考查不定式的完成時(shí)。根據(jù)over the past few years可知?jiǎng)幼饕呀?jīng)完成。故用不定式的完成時(shí)。3B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：我恐怕不得不加班了，因仍有一些問題有待處理。根據(jù)句意問題被解

52、決可知選B。4C考查動(dòng)詞搭配及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處考查短語(yǔ)get sb to do sth使某人做某事。5A考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。此處to blame用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)；介詞for后用動(dòng)名詞。6A考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。不定式作定語(yǔ)表示將來的動(dòng)作。7D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及主謂一致的用法。句意：除了Eddie班里的所有學(xué)生都期望去那里。8B。be believed to have done sth據(jù)信已經(jīng)做了某事；making it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。9C “wh疑問詞 + 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)、

53、表語(yǔ)或者同位語(yǔ)，表示（將來）要做的事情，等于從句：When we shall / will have it。10D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)next week可知選to be held，不定式作定語(yǔ)表示將來的動(dòng)作。11. A. 此題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法. 據(jù)報(bào)道,一架裝有228名乘客的法國(guó)飛機(jī)墜落在大西洋,是航空75年的歷史上最大的災(zāi)難.12D考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。此處to be published作定語(yǔ)，修飾a new dictionary，意為：她和她的丈夫正在編寫的明年要出版一本新的詞典。13B考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。此處The 2010 World Expo to be held in Shan

54、ghai即將在上海舉行的世博會(huì)。14C考查不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：當(dāng)電話響的時(shí)候，我碰巧正在廚房做飯。根據(jù)句意選C。15C考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。原句可改為：the visitors chose to stay with the host family to experience real local life.句意：參觀者選擇和主人住在一起為了體驗(yàn)真正的當(dāng)?shù)厣睢?6D在情景對(duì)話中考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。原句為：I want the radio so much to listen to the news。此處to listen作目的狀語(yǔ)。17A考查不定式作狀語(yǔ)。此句can后省略了do，原句結(jié)構(gòu)為：The government has done everything it can do to save the buried