高一英語(yǔ)必修四第五單元 Grammar

1、Compound words are made from two words: two separate words (roller coaster) one word (craftsmen) or words joined by a hyphen (old-fashioned). Find the compound nouns in the reading passage._roller coaster, whichever, whatever, free-fall, wherever, southeastern, indoor, outdoor, craftsmen, old-fashio

2、ned, steam-engine, world-famous, horseback1. 合成名詞合成名詞 (1) n.+ n. air conditioner 空調(diào)空調(diào) blood pressure 血壓血壓 income tax 所得稅所得稅 credit card 信用卡信用卡 (2) adj. + n. central bank 中央銀行中央銀行 fast food 快餐快餐Compound合成合成 solar system 太陽(yáng)系太陽(yáng)系 remote control 遙控遙控 (3) v-ing +另一詞另一詞 washing machine 洗衣機(jī)洗衣機(jī) driving licen

3、se 駕駛執(zhí)照駕駛執(zhí)照 (4) 其他方式其他方式 by-product 副產(chǎn)品副產(chǎn)品 editor-in-chief 主編主編2. 合成形容詞合成形容詞(1) 過去分詞或帶過去分詞或帶ed詞尾的詞構(gòu)成。詞尾的詞構(gòu)成。 absent-minded 心不在焉的心不在焉的 grey-haired 頭發(fā)灰白的頭發(fā)灰白的(2) 動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞的ing或另一詞構(gòu)成或另一詞構(gòu)成 long-suffering 長(zhǎng)期受苦的長(zhǎng)期受苦的 far-reaching 深遠(yuǎn)的深遠(yuǎn)的(影響影響)3. 合成動(dòng)詞及合成副詞合成動(dòng)詞及合成副詞 water-ski 滑冰滑冰 overeat 吃得太多吃得太多 baby-sit 看孩子看

4、孩子 empty-handed 一無(wú)所獲的一無(wú)所獲的New words can also be formed by using prefixes and suffixes. Try tofind and underline the prefixes or suffixes in the words below. Then write out the original words.unchangeable adj. _ dislike v. _ impossibility n. _ unfriendly adj. _overwork v. _ misunderstanding n. _athle

5、tic adj. _ misread v. _translator n. _ change like possiblefriendwork understandathletereadtranslateDerivation: 派生派生 1) 前綴前綴 (prefix): (1) dis-: disagree, dislike, disappear (2) in- (il-, im-, ir-): incorrect, impossible, irregular, (3) un-: unhappy, unable, unfit, add letters to the beginning or th

6、e end of a word. (4) non-: nonstop, nonverbal (非語(yǔ)言的非語(yǔ)言的) (5) re-: rewrite, review2) 后綴后綴(suffix): (1) 構(gòu)成名詞：構(gòu)成名詞：-er, -ese, -ist, -ian, -ment, -tion, -ness, -th. buyer, Chinese, socialist, musician agreement, collection, illness, truth(2) 構(gòu)成形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞: -al, -an, -ful, -ing, -y, -less national, American

7、, careful, exciting, cloudy, useless(3) 構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞: -fy, -is (z)e: beautify, realize(4) 構(gòu)成副詞構(gòu)成副詞: -ly: badly(5) 構(gòu)成數(shù)詞構(gòu)成數(shù)詞: -teen, -ty, -th thirteen, sixty, twelfthFill in the table with the different forms of the words.NounverbAdjectiveAdverbamusementamuseamusingamusinglyadmitimaginesettleequipattracta

8、dmissionadmissibleadmissiblyimaginationimaginative imaginativelysettlementsettledequipmentequippedattractionattractiveattractivelyConversion: 轉(zhuǎn)化轉(zhuǎn)化 (1) v.n.: (2) n.v.: (3) adj.v.: (4) adv.v.:change the part of speech of a word.charge (v.)charge (n.)hand (n.)hand (v.) clean (adj.)clean (v.) down (adv.

9、)down (v.)I. 根據(jù)詞形和詞性，猜測(cè)下列合成詞的根據(jù)詞形和詞性，猜測(cè)下列合成詞的 意思。意思。1. crosswalk n. _ 2. forget-me-not n. _ 3. Y-shaped adj. _ 4. mother-to-be n. _ Practice人行橫道人行橫道勿忘我勿忘我Y形的形的準(zhǔn)媽媽準(zhǔn)媽媽II. 用劃線詞的名詞形式改寫句子。用劃線詞的名詞形式改寫句子。1. She microwaved her lunch. _2. My grandmother bottled the juice and canned the pickles (泡菜泡菜). _ _She

10、 heated her lunch in the microwave.My grandmother put the juice in a bottle and the pickles in a can.III. 用斜體部分的名詞形式填空。用斜體部分的名詞形式填空。1. I decided this. It was my _. 2. We all want to be happy. We seek _.3. We all agree. Were all in _.4. Who discovered this? Who made this _?5. Well all arrive. Well be

11、 met on _.decisionhappinessagreementdiscoveryarrival6. Can you explain it? Is there a(n) _?7. Dont be so curious. Control your _. 8. I warned you. I gave you enough _. explanationcuriositywarningIV. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. Working with small children is a very _ (stress) job.2. It was ver

12、y _ (polite) of you to call him a liar.3. I didnt intend to hurt you. I did it _ (accident).4. My new shoes are very nice, but unfortunately they are extremely _ (comfortable).stressfulimpoliteaccidentallyuncomfortable5. Be _ (care). The weather is awful today.6. When the first _ (settle) moved into

13、 the area, they faced great hardships.7. The man was tall, with a(n) _ (athlete) build. 8. Speaking through a(n) _ (translate), she described her life in Guatemala.carefulsettlersathletic translatorV. 給下列單詞加上前綴給下列單詞加上前綴dis-, un-, in-或或im-, 構(gòu)成意思相反的詞。構(gòu)成意思相反的詞。1. agree _2. complete _3. healthy _ 4. imp

14、ortant _5. able _ 6. cover _ 7. known _ 8. practical _9. tidy _10. perfect _11. visible _ 12. fit _disagree incompleteunhealthyunimportantunablediscover / uncoverunknownimpracticaluntidyimperfectinvisibleunfit1. Do you think shopping online will _ take the place of shopping in stores? A. especially B. frequently C. merely D. finallyD 2. The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _. A. expect