經(jīng)濟(jì)術(shù)語的翻譯

1、常用經(jīng)濟(jì)術(shù)語的翻譯漢語English國民經(jīng)濟(jì)、對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE20年基本實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years八五計劃the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development百分點percentage points保持發(fā)展后勁bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of developm

2、ent保持雙邊貿(mào)易的平衡balance the two-way trade保稅區(qū)bonded area; free trade area標(biāo)書bidding document財政, 稅收, 信貸，利率, 匯率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate財政赤字(盈余 )budget deficit(surplus)財政收入state revenue菜籃子工程shipping basket project產(chǎn)業(yè)政策industrial policy出資方式means of contributing investmen

3、t創(chuàng)匯型企業(yè)foreign exchange-earning enterprise粗放/集約經(jīng)營extensive/intensive operation存款/貸款余額the balance of deposits/loans導(dǎo)致價格持續(xù)增長的一個重要因素在于物價的逐步放開及價格結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。An important factor (contributing to/resulting in) substantial price hikes lies in the gradual lifting of prices control and the structural adjustment of p

4、rices.第一、二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)primary, secondary and tertiary industries發(fā)揮技術(shù)窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.風(fēng)險投資venture investment/capital高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high added-value格局初步形成Pattern has taken i

5、nitial shape.工農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值gross output value of industry and agriculture公開招標(biāo)call for bid; tenders供不應(yīng)求short supply供大于求oversupply購買力平價法purchasing power parity固定資產(chǎn)投資investment in fixed assets關(guān)系民生的產(chǎn)品products vital to the people's livelihood規(guī)范價格秩序standardize the price order國產(chǎn)化percentage of home-made parts國家

6、統(tǒng)配物資materials allocated by state國家指令性計劃state mandatory planning國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱mainstay of the national economy國民生產(chǎn)總值GNP (Gross National Product)國民收入national income國內(nèi)配套資金domestic funds國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)合營期限contract term of a joint venture合作方式approaches to cooperation宏觀調(diào)控macro-economic control

7、火炬計劃Torch Plan貨幣發(fā)放the issue of currency積極引進(jìn)外來資金、技術(shù)、人才和管理經(jīng)驗actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside基礎(chǔ)地位leading position基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施infrastructure計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)planned economy技術(shù)、智力、資本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive技術(shù)入股technology appraised as cap

8、ital stock技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓technology transfer加大改革力度intensify reforms減免稅收tax reduction and exemption簡化流通環(huán)節(jié)，增加隨機(jī)檢查simplify circulation and add more random checks建立市場經(jīng)濟(jì)、法制、民主監(jiān)督和廉政"三個機(jī)制"establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government降低過熱

9、的期貨市場，恢復(fù)金融秩序cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order交鑰匙工程turn-key project緊縮銀根tighten the money supply經(jīng)濟(jì)杠桿economic levers經(jīng)濟(jì)過熱overheated economy經(jīng)濟(jì)實力economic capabilities經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)economic indicators竟標(biāo)competitive bidding開標(biāo)bid opening看好經(jīng)濟(jì)增長think highly of economic growth科研成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化indus

10、trialization of research findings可行性研究feasibility study庫存積壓overstocked products跨國公司transnational corporation勞動密集型labor intensive理順企業(yè)的產(chǎn)權(quán)關(guān)系rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises良性循環(huán)positive cycle龍頭pacemaker; leading role貿(mào)易伙伴trade partner貿(mào)易順差trade surplus門類齊全covering extensive fie

11、lds內(nèi)聯(lián)企業(yè)inland associated enterprises拍賣auction配套措施supporting measures配套改革coordinated reforms配套工程auxiliary project批量生產(chǎn)mass production片面追求發(fā)展速度seek an unduly high growth rate平等互利，互通有無equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods評標(biāo)bid proposal evaluation瓶頸bottleneck企業(yè)“工效掛鉤”link total payroll w

12、ith the performance of an enterprise人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDP per capita三角債chain debts三來一補(bǔ) (來料加工,來件裝配,來樣加工)processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)三通一平（水通、電通、路通、施工場地平）three connections and one leveling assuring that a construction site is conne

13、cted to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.三資企業(yè)(中外合資合作、外商獨資經(jīng)營)three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: Sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture上不封頂，下不保底set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee社會零售物價總

14、指數(shù)general retail price index社會商品零售總額total volume of retail sales社會效益social effect/returns社會總產(chǎn)值total product of society升級換代upgrading and updating生產(chǎn)力productive forces生產(chǎn)資料capital goods生意興隆/冷淡Business is booming/sluggish實際利用外資foreign investment in actual use實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生態(tài)環(huán)境和人口素質(zhì)"三個優(yōu)化"optimize indus

15、trial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population實現(xiàn)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定、協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development實行全方位開放practice multi-directional opening市場調(diào)節(jié)market regulation市場機(jī)制開始發(fā)揮調(diào)節(jié)作用。The market mechanisms are beginning to play their regulatory role.市場經(jīng)濟(jì)market economy市場

16、疲軟a market slump隨行就市fluctuate in line with market conditions提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益enhance economic performance/returns同國際慣例接軌follow the international codes of practice; bring in line with the international usage統(tǒng)而不死，活而不亂ensure a flexible control統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷state monopoly over purchase and marketing統(tǒng)一定價unified price setting

17、統(tǒng)一政策、放開經(jīng)營、平等競爭、unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition投標(biāo)bid for a project投標(biāo)報價書bid proposals投資環(huán)境investment environment外匯儲備foreign exchange reserves外貿(mào)出口總額gross foreign export value外貿(mào)順差foreign trade surplus外商直接投資協(xié)議金額contracted foreign direct investment外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)export-oriented economy外引

18、內(nèi)聯(lián)act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections完善的市場和發(fā)達(dá)的金融體制well-established market and sophisticated financial system我們兩市的經(jīng)濟(jì)互補(bǔ)性很強(qiáng)。To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.下放審批權(quán)delegate the authority to exa

19、mine and approve to lower levels向基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)傾斜的政策policy in favor of basic industry消滅失業(yè)wipe out unemployment行情看好Favorable price/market can be expected.行情看漲/跌anticipate lower market price/rising price一條龍服務(wù)one package service一位數(shù)水平one digit level一支筆審批one-chop approval以工養(yǎng)農(nóng)use industrial income to finance agricu

20、lture以路養(yǎng)路use tolls to repay investment in road projects以銷定產(chǎn)limit production to market ability抑制炒房地產(chǎn)熱stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market意向書letter of intent優(yōu)化資源配置optimize allocation of resources優(yōu)惠條件confessional terms; favorable terms由于該暗補(bǔ)為明補(bǔ)，糧食購銷同價。Grains are purchased and sol

21、d by the same price because covered allowances are turned into open allowance.允許外商獨資經(jīng)營allow full foreign equity operation在過渡時期in a period of transition招標(biāo)承包制bidding invitation contract system招標(biāo)出售技術(shù)bids for technology招標(biāo)單invitation for bid (IFB)招商attract investment招商項目project proposals for investment折舊

22、費depreciation cost這次會議為兩國進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to forge enduring/lasting and constant/continuous economic ties.政策性虧損policy-related loss知識產(chǎn)權(quán)intellectual property rights指導(dǎo)性計劃guidance plan指令性計劃mandatory plan質(zhì)量信得過單位quality trustworthy organizatio

23、n中標(biāo)win a bid; be awarded a tender抓好農(nóng)業(yè)、交通能源、教育科技"三個基礎(chǔ)"stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易transit trade自負(fù)盈虧、工貿(mào)結(jié)合、推行代理制responsibility for one's own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade,

24、 and the promotion of agent system租賃leasing 國民經(jīng)濟(jì) NATIONAL ECONOMY, 中國化 chinization對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易 FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE 經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo) economic indicators 社會總產(chǎn)值 total product of society 國民生產(chǎn)總值 GNP (Gross Domestic Product) 國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值 GDP per capita 工農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值 gross output va

25、lue of industry and agriculture 國民收入 national income 購買力平價法 purchasing power parity 財政收入 state revenue 社會商品零售總額 total volume of retail sales 社會零售物價總指數(shù) general retail price index 百分點 percentage points "八五"劃劃 the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development 計劃經(jīng)濟(jì) planned ec

26、onomy 統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷 state monopoly over purchase and marketing 市場經(jīng)濟(jì) market economy 指令性計劃 mandatory plan 指導(dǎo)性計劃 guidance plan 市場調(diào)節(jié) market regulation 建立市場經(jīng)濟(jì)、法制、民主監(jiān)督和廉政"三個機(jī)制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government 抓好農(nóng)業(yè)、交通能源、教

27、育科技"三個基礎(chǔ)" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology 實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生態(tài)環(huán)境和人口素質(zhì)"三個優(yōu)化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population 第一、二、三產(chǎn)業(yè) primary, secondary and tertiary industries 外向型經(jīng)

28、濟(jì) export-oriented economy 創(chuàng)匯型企業(yè) foreign exchange-earning enterprise 勞動密集型 labor intensive 技術(shù)、智力、資本密集型 technology, knowledge or capital intensive 高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value 優(yōu)化資源配置 optimize allocation of resources 生產(chǎn)力 productive forces 生產(chǎn)資料 capital goods 科研成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化 industrializ

29、ation of research findings 火炬計劃 Torch Plan 技術(shù)入股 technology appraised as capital stock 風(fēng)險投資 venture investment/capital 固定資產(chǎn)投資 investment in fixed assets 折舊費 depreciation cost 關(guān)系民生的產(chǎn)品 products vital to the peoples livelihood 供大于求 oversupply 供不應(yīng)求 short supply 經(jīng)濟(jì)過熱 overheated economy 抑制炒房地產(chǎn)熱 stem frenzi

30、ed and speculative trading in the property market宏觀調(diào)控 macro-economic control 經(jīng)濟(jì)杠桿 economic levers 產(chǎn)業(yè)政策 industrial policy 財政, 稅收, 信貸，利率, 匯率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate 提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 enhance economic performance/returns 社會效益 social effect/returns 實現(xiàn)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定、協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展 bring about

31、 sustained, stable and coordinated development 財政赤字(盈余 ) budget deficit(surplus) 外貿(mào)出口總額 gross foreign export value 外商直接投資協(xié)議金額 contracted foreign direct investment 實際利用外資 foreign investment in actual use 三資企業(yè)(中外合資合作、外商獨資經(jīng)營) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint ventur

32、e, contractual joint venture 允許外商獨資經(jīng)營 allow full foreign equity operation 優(yōu)惠條件 confessional terms; favorable terms 減免稅收 tax reduction and exemption 合作方式 approaches to cooperation 出資方式 means of contributing investment 合營期限 contract term of a joint venture 三來一補(bǔ) (來料加工,來件裝配,來樣加工) processing and compensa

33、tion trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components) 貿(mào)易伙伴 trade partner 轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易 transit trade 外貿(mào)順差 foreign trade surplus 積極引進(jìn)外來資金、技術(shù)、人才和管理經(jīng)驗 actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside 交鑰匙工程 turn-key project 招標(biāo)

34、承包制 bidding invitation contract system 招標(biāo)出售技術(shù) bids for technology 公開招標(biāo) call for bid; tenders 招標(biāo)單 invitation for bid (IFB) 標(biāo)書 bidding document 竟標(biāo) competitive bidding 投標(biāo) bid for a project 投標(biāo)報價書 bid proposals 評標(biāo) bid proposal evaluation 開標(biāo) bid opening 中標(biāo) win a bid; be awarded a tender 拍賣 auction 租賃 leas

35、ing 保稅區(qū) bonded area; free trade area 實行全方位開放 practice multi-directional opening 統(tǒng)一政策、放開經(jīng)營、平等競爭、 unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition 自負(fù)盈虧、工貿(mào)結(jié)合、推行代理制 responsibility for ones own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent syste

36、m 知識產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property rights 技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓 technology transfer 可行性研究 feasibility study 意向書 letter of intent投資環(huán)境 investment environment 跨國公司 transnational coorporation 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 infrastructure 20年基本實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化 basically achieve modernization in 20 years 發(fā)揮技術(shù)窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advance

37、d technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside. 招商 attract investment 招商項目 project proposals for investment 同國際慣例接軌 follow the international codes of practice; bring in line with the international usage 加大改革力度 intensify reforms 一條龍服務(wù) one package service 一支筆審批 one-chop

38、approval 我們兩市的經(jīng)濟(jì)互補(bǔ)性很強(qiáng)。 To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other. 平等互利，互通有無 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods 外引內(nèi)聯(lián) act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections 保持發(fā)展后勁 bring about a su

39、stainable development; sustain momentum of development 三通一平（水通、電通、路通、施工場地平） "three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun. 瓶頸 bottleneck 以工養(yǎng)農(nóng) use i

40、ndustrial income to finance agriculture 以路養(yǎng)路 use tolls to repay investment in road projects 下放審批權(quán) delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels 統(tǒng)而不死，活而不亂 ensure a flexible control 良性循環(huán) positive cycle 國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱 mainstay of the national economy 格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape. 理順企

41、業(yè)的產(chǎn)權(quán)關(guān)系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises 政策性虧損 policy-related loss 三角債 chain debts 上不封頂，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee 企業(yè)“工效掛鉤” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise 生意興隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish 質(zhì)量信得過單位 quality trustworth

42、y organization 批量生產(chǎn) mass production 以銷定產(chǎn) limit production to market ability 內(nèi)聯(lián)企業(yè) inland associated enterprises 菜籃子工程 shipping basket project 國產(chǎn)化 percentage of home-made parts 配套改革 coordinated reforms 配套措施 supporting measures 配套工程 auxiliary project 國內(nèi)配套資金 domestic funds 向基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)傾斜的政策 policy in favor of

43、basic industry 升級換代 upgrading and updating 看好經(jīng)濟(jì)增長 think highly of economic growth 行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected. 行情看漲/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price隨行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions 片面追求發(fā)展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate 在過渡時期 in a period of transition 粗放/集約

44、經(jīng)營 extensive/intensive operation 基礎(chǔ)地位 leading position 門類齊全 covering extensive fields 存款/貸款余額 the balance of deposits/loans 外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserves 貿(mào)易順差 trade surplusACFIC All China Federation of Industry and Commerce 中華全國工商業(yè)聯(lián)合會（全國工商聯(lián)）ADB Asian Development Bank 亞洲開發(fā)銀行（亞行）AMC asset management

45、company 資產(chǎn)管理公司BOT build-operate-transfer 建設(shè)運營移交CBRC China Banking Regulatory Commission 中國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理委員會（銀監(jiān)會）CGC credit guarantee company 信用擔(dān)保公司CGS credit guarantee scheme 信用擔(dān)保制度CIRC China Insurance Regulatory Commission 中國保險監(jiān)督管理委員會（保監(jiān)會）CPDF China Project Development Facility（世行）中國項目開發(fā)中心CSRC China Securities Regulatory Commission 中國證券監(jiān)督管理委員會（證監(jiān)會）DFID Department for International Development （of the United Kingdom） 英國國際發(fā)展部DRC Development Research Center （of the China State Council） 國務(wù)院發(fā)展研究中心EU European Union 歐盟FDI foreign direct invest