全國(guó)卷語法填空+短文改錯(cuò)真題專練及答案

1、 總分： 2017語法填空真題班級(jí)： 姓名： Cloze 1 2017全國(guó)卷，15分 話題：飲食與健康 詞數(shù)：196 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學(xué)界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some

2、 unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and s

3、alt 4 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7 (be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will ge

4、t more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點(diǎn)心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for t

5、he health. Cloze 2 2017全國(guó)卷，15分 話題：地下客運(yùn)鐵路 詞數(shù)：181In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 2 work. It took three years to complete and

6、was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 3 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 4 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)unpleasant for the passengers

7、, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7 every day.Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube. This development was onl

8、y possible with the 9 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.Cloze 3 2017全國(guó)卷，15分 話題：

9、上學(xué)的同時(shí)兼職做模特 詞數(shù)：196She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 1 (rest). Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as 2 model in New Y

10、ork.Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is de

11、termined to carry on with her 6 (educate).She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad

12、 thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model any more."2017短文改錯(cuò)高考真題Correction 1 2017全國(guó)卷，

13、10分 （每個(gè)1分）In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard 0first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. Th

14、e instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed up!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the

15、 middle on the road.Correction 2 2017全國(guó)卷，10分 （每個(gè)1分） Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of

16、 their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!Correction 3 2017全國(guó)卷，10分 （每個(gè)1分）Whe

17、n I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture ar

18、e the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.201

19、7年 全國(guó)卷語法填空真題答案Cloze 1本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了一種低脂肪、低鹽的飲食趨勢(shì)及其對(duì)人們健康的影響。1.as 考查介詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處在句中作狀語，表示"作為一種抵御心臟病的方式"，所以填as，意為"作為"。2.effects 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。這種趨勢(shì)產(chǎn)生了一些意想不到的副作用。根據(jù)空前的"some"及空后的"such as overweight and heart disease"可知，此處指不止一種副作用，故用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式effects。3.to process 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be r

20、equired to do sth.為固定用法。4.are removed 考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。本文的主體時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此處亦應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；又fat and salt是動(dòng)詞remove的承受者，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。所以此處填are removed。5.a 考查冠詞。as a result為固定搭配，意為"結(jié)果"。6.worse 考查比較級(jí)。短語Even worse 意為"更糟糕的是"，表示意義的遞進(jìn)。故用worse。7.is 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此處是對(duì)客觀情況的描述，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，又因主語為Fast food，故填is

21、。8.eating 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。介詞by后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，故填eating。9.careful 考查形容詞。此處為形容詞作表語，故填careful"當(dāng)心的"構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。10.which 考查關(guān)系代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非限制性定語從句，空處指代前句的內(nèi)容，且在從句中作主語，故填關(guān)系代詞which。Cloze 2本文為說明文，介紹了全世界第一個(gè)地下客運(yùn)鐵路在英國(guó)開放及其逐漸發(fā)展成現(xiàn)在的地鐵的過程。【段意梳理】第一段：介紹了世界上第一個(gè)地下客運(yùn)鐵路的創(chuàng)建以及相關(guān)事宜。第二段：蒸汽機(jī)是地下客運(yùn)鐵路的動(dòng)力機(jī)，盡管它讓乘客感到不舒服，但乘客數(shù)量卻大增。第三段：

22、地下客運(yùn)鐵路發(fā)展成現(xiàn)在的地鐵。1.crowds 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。因?yàn)閏rowd為可數(shù)名詞，并且其前沒有限定詞，所以此處用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.from 考查介詞。此處是指"當(dāng)他們來回上下班時(shí)"。3.laying 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句的主語為This，謂語動(dòng)詞included后由and連接了三個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語作賓語。故填laying?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】該句中的 lay不是與前面的謂語動(dòng)詞included并列，而是與digging up和building并列。句式結(jié)構(gòu)的分析是解答該題的關(guān)鍵。4.the 考查定冠詞。此處指的是在頂端建造一個(gè)結(jié)實(shí)的頂，所以在 top前加the。5.

23、were used 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。因?yàn)槭墙榻B1863年的事情，而且Steam engines與use之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填were used。6.fairly 考查副詞。副詞修飾形容詞unpleasant，故在其前填fairly。7.it 考查代詞。根據(jù)上文的"the railway quickly"可知，此處用it代替the railway?！局R(shí)拓展】one 指代上文提到的單數(shù)的人或物，指"同一類中的一個(gè)"，表示泛指意義；that指上文出現(xiàn)的名詞，表示同類的東西，既可指代可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，又可指代不可數(shù)名詞，常有后置定語修飾

24、，表特指；it 指上文提到的同一事物，與前面的名詞是同一個(gè)，表特指。8.managed 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)閑ngineers與manage之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且是發(fā)生在過去的事情，所以填roduction 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。由前面的定冠詞the可知，其后應(yīng)接名詞，故填introduction。10.successful 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合空前的the most可知，空處表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義。故填successful。Cloze 3本文是一篇記敘文，講述了16歲的Sarah在上學(xué)的同時(shí)兼職做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；雖然她父親希望她當(dāng)全職模特，但是Sarah仍然堅(jiān)持要完

25、成學(xué)業(yè)?！径我馐崂怼康谝欢危褐v述16歲女孩Sarah與同齡孩子不同，在學(xué)習(xí)的同時(shí)兼顧從事模特職業(yè)。第二段：Sarah的父親希望她放棄學(xué)業(yè)，但她堅(jiān)信自己可以做到美麗與智慧并存。第三段：Sarah拒絕了許多演出邀請(qǐng)，專心于學(xué)業(yè)，立志考上大學(xué)。第四段：Sarah談?wù)摬幌敕艞墝W(xué)業(yè)而專職做模特的原因。1. resting 考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，故填resting。2.a 考查冠詞。該空后面model是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，此處表示"作為一名模特"，故填a。3.has been told/was told 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。此處動(dòng)詞tell與S

26、arah是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因?yàn)榈诙卧谥v述父親和Sarah的想法時(shí)都是用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表達(dá)過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，故可以填has been told。此外，"被告知"這件事情發(fā)生在過去，故也可填was told?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】考生在考慮動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，經(jīng)常會(huì)忽略語態(tài)，如此題容易誤填told。因此，當(dāng)考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候要從句意理解出發(fā)，考慮動(dòng)作的主語與動(dòng)詞之間是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系。4.who 考查定語從句。此句Sarah是主語，wants是主句謂語，因此可以判斷此處是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Sarah，從句中缺主語且指人，故填who。5.to prove 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 wan

27、t to do是固定搭配，故填 to cation 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞性物主代詞her后需用educate的名詞形式，故填education。7.invitations 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。invitation是可數(shù)名詞，前面有several修飾，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填invitations。8.in 考查介詞。degree與介詞in搭配，表示在某方面的學(xué)位。故填in。es 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。全文均為現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且school是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填comes?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】動(dòng)詞如果使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，要注意主語是不是第三人稱單數(shù)。此題容易誤填come。10.certainly 考查副詞。此處f

28、un是名詞，但空處修飾整個(gè)句子，作狀語，故填certainly?！局R(shí)拓展】考查形容詞與副詞時(shí)，除了要考慮詞性相互轉(zhuǎn)換，還要考慮形容詞與副詞的反義詞。比如括號(hào)里給出fortunate一詞，需要改為副詞形式fortunately，同時(shí)還要結(jié)合句意來判斷，是否要改為unfortunately。2017年 全國(guó)卷短文改錯(cuò)真題答案Correction 1 2017全國(guó)卷，10分考查序數(shù)詞。"我的18歲生日"，應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞eighteenth。由序數(shù)詞first可知，其前應(yīng)加定冠詞the。也可以用形容詞性物主代詞my修飾first day?？疾樯舷挛牡倪壿嬯P(guān)系。根據(jù)語境可知，前后兩句之

29、間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故把so改為but或yet?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。本文講述作者18歲生日后的那個(gè)暑假發(fā)生的事情，且通篇以過去時(shí)為主。此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故把goes改為went。考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)下文可知，教練發(fā)出了很多指令，故用word的復(fù)數(shù)形式words?？疾橹^語動(dòng)詞。此處為祈使句，并和上文中的"Speed up"和"Slow down"并列，故改為動(dòng)詞原形Turn。考查固定句型。此處含有"so.that."引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，句中的much多余，故刪除?？疾楦痹~。late意為"遲，晚" 。"一段時(shí)間+later"表示"一段時(shí)間之后"，故把late改為later?？疾樾稳菰~。該句中的名詞stop應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，所以把suddenly改為sudden。考查固定搭配。in the middle of 意為"在的中間"，故把on改為of。Correction 2 2017全國(guó)卷，10分 考查代詞。因?yàn)橹髡Z是兩個(gè)人，所以用both表示兩者都，而all則表示三者或三者以上的全部。此處將all 去掉也可以?？疾楣谠~。因?yàn)閔our的發(fā)音以元音