notonly...butalso和aswelll解讀

1、Not only.but also1. not only but al應(yīng)連接兩個(gè)相對(duì)稱的并列成分。例如： soNot only Mr. Lin but also his son joined the Party two years ago.（連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)）I not only play tennis but also practise shooting. （連接兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）He plays not only the piano but also the violin. （連接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)）They speak English not only in class but also in the d

2、ormitory （宿舍）.（連接兩個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）注 1 ： She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.= She doesn't only sing well but also dances beautifully.注 2 ：句子 He not only plays the piano but also the violin不是好的文體，因?yàn)閎ut also 之后的成分與not only 之后的成分不對(duì)稱。2. not only but al連接兩個(gè)分句，當(dāng)sonot only 位于句首時(shí)，第一個(gè)分句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)要部分倒裝

3、表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，而but （also）后的分句仍用陳述語(yǔ)序。如：Not only is the teacher himself interested in foreign films ， but also all his students are beginning to show an interest in them. 不但老師自己對(duì)外國(guó)電影感興趣，就連他所有的學(xué)生 也開(kāi)始對(duì)外國(guó)電影感興趣了。Not only does Miss Li like music, but （also） she likes sports.李小姐不但喜歡音樂(lè)，而且還喜歡體育。Not only does the sun g

4、ive us light but also it gives us heat.Not only did he speak English correctly, but also he speaks it fluently.Not only is this young man clever but also he is hardworking.【注意】1. 就近：指謂語(yǔ)形式取決于離它近的主語(yǔ)。Not only the students but also the teacher reads English every day.2. 一致： not only 與 but also后面所接的詞類要一致

5、。She can not only sing but also dance.3. not only baulst o 不能用在否定句中。例如：誤： They don't fear not only hardship but also death.正： They fear neither hardship nor death.正： They don't fear either hardship or death.4. not only but al連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要so遵循 “就近原則 ”，即和最近的主語(yǔ)but (also)后的名詞或代詞的數(shù)一致。例如：Not only

6、the students but also the teacher was against the plan./ Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.Not only Zhou Xia but also her parents are fond of watching football matches.不但周霞，而且她的父母都喜歡看足球比賽。Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.不但你，而且他

7、也討厭一次接一次的考試。5. not only but al中的 sonot only 不能分開(kāi)使用，但 but also 卻可以分開(kāi)使用。例如：The area was not only hit by an unexpected heavy rain, but some bridges were also washed away.6. not only but al連接兩個(gè)并列成分時(shí)，可so以省略 but 或 also ，也可以把 but also 都省略掉(??？)，正式文體一般只有also 可以省略 。I not only heard it but (also) saw it.He was

8、 not only compelled to stay at home, (but) also forbidden to see his friend.She not only finished the task ahead of time, (but also) she came to help us.He is learning not only English but (also) French.他不但在學(xué)英語(yǔ)，而且還在學(xué)法語(yǔ)。She speaks Russian not only in class but (also) at home.她在課堂上和家里都說(shuō)俄語(yǔ)。7. 也可用 but t

9、oo/as wel替代lnot only but al中的sobut also。例如： She not only sang well but danced gracefully too (or as well)8. 也可以用besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition 等替代 not only but al中的so butalso。例如：Not only was there no food, but also ( 或 furthermore, besides, moreover, in addition) there was no water.9. 也

10、可用 merely, just, simply 等替代 not only but al中的soonly。例如：They not merely (or just, simply) broke into his office and stole his books but also tore up his manuscripts.10. not only A but also B = B as well as A 強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)在B。（漢譯時(shí)，要先譯as well as 后面的詞）例如：The child is not only healthy but also lively.(= The child

11、is lively as well as healthy. )這孩子既健康又活潑。It concerns not only me but also you.(= It concerns you as well as me.)這件事不但與我有關(guān)，而且也與你有關(guān)。as well asas well as可作為副詞、介詞以及連詞使用。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個(gè)as是副詞，第二個(gè)as是連詞。和not only but also 同義，但前者的語(yǔ)意重點(diǎn)和后者的語(yǔ)意重點(diǎn)恰好顛倒。值 得注意的是，。A as well as B = not only B but also A 強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)在A。在做并列連詞時(shí)，連接兩個(gè)相

12、同的成分，如主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等，表示“除之外、不僅還、既又、不但而且、同、和、并、也”的意思。一、分清本義與引申義1. 用于本義用于本義，可視為as as結(jié)構(gòu)與well 的自然搭配，用于副詞的同等比較，或者引出比較狀語(yǔ)從句，其意為“與一樣好”，如：He speaks English as well as her. 他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得跟她一樣好。She plays every bit as well as the men. 她打得一點(diǎn)不比男人們差。He doesn t play half as well as his siste他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。r.He sings as we

13、ll as, if not better than, Mary.要是他唱歌不比瑪麗唱得更好，但至少也是一樣好。引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。Eg：She doesn t play the piano as well as you d她彈鋼琴不如你彈得好。 o.用法同 as much as的用法：I love her as much as you do. 我和你一樣愛(ài)她。2. 用于引申義( 1)用于引申義，作為習(xí)語(yǔ)用作介詞時(shí)，as well as 的涵義是“還有”、“不但 而且 ”“ 既是 也是 ”“ 還 ”。 例如：He grows flowers as well as vegetables. 他既種菜也

14、種花。She shares (in) my troubles as well as my joys. 她與我同甘共苦。They have a flat in town as well as a place in the country.他們?cè)诔抢镉幸惶坠?，在鄉(xiāng)村還有一所房子。It is unpleasant in summer as well as in winter. 冬天不好過(guò)，夏天也不好過(guò)。The child is lively as well as healthy. 這孩子既健康又活潑。（ 2）有時(shí)還可譯為“除之外，還”，與besides, in addition to 的用法相似。

15、如：As well as learning to swim he has been taking Spanish lessons this summer.As well as knowing some Russian ， she speaks English very well.除了懂得一點(diǎn)俄語(yǔ)之外，她的英語(yǔ)講得很好。二、弄清強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)1. 在表達(dá) “不但 而且 ” 的意義時(shí)，A as well as B 這一結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)是A 不是B ，語(yǔ)意的重點(diǎn)在前部，不在后半部。即A as well as B=not only B but also A 。另外 A and B as well 結(jié)構(gòu)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)

16、在B。注意 比較 體會(huì)以下例句：She is clever as well as beautiful. 她不但漂亮，而且聰明。He speaks Spanish as well as English and French.他不僅會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)，而且會(huì)說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)。Actors have to learn their cues as well as their own lines.演員不僅要記住臺(tái)詞，還要記住其他演員的暗示。The house has a back door as well as a front door.= The house has not only a front door

17、but also a back door.You as well as I are wrong. = Not only I but also you are wrong.不過(guò)，as well as語(yǔ)氣不如not only but also強(qiáng)，其語(yǔ)意也不及后者明朗清楚，有時(shí)甚至毫無(wú)“側(cè)重”可言。因此“ He speaks Spanish as well as English.”應(yīng)譯作：“他不但會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，而且會(huì)講西班牙語(yǔ) ”，如果譯為“他不但會(huì)說(shuō)西班牙語(yǔ)，而且會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)則是本末倒置?！?. 注意 as well as 以下用法區(qū)別：She called on you as well as I . 不

18、但我來(lái)看你，她也拜訪了你。She called on you as well as me. 她不但拜訪了我，也拜訪了你。3. as well as與and：（ 1）表示同樣、也等意思，應(yīng)= 解釋為：in addition to something or someone else 。它與and是有區(qū)別的，不能簡(jiǎn)單的認(rèn)為二者等同：a. 意思上：A and B 結(jié)構(gòu)中，A 與 B 平行，屬于同一層次；而A, as well as B 這一結(jié)構(gòu)中， B 是對(duì) A 的補(bǔ)充，并非同一層次。b. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：以A and B 作主語(yǔ)的句子，主語(yǔ)包含了含義平行的同一層次的A 和 B 兩者，所以謂語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)；而以A

19、, as well as B 做主語(yǔ)的句子，主語(yǔ)的核心只有A， B 是順帶提一下的補(bǔ)充句意性質(zhì)的成分，因此謂語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)由A 的人稱和數(shù)決定。c. 多個(gè)名詞平行，同時(shí)使用到and和 as well as的結(jié)構(gòu)，我們可以使用：A, B, and C, aswell as D。其中，ABC 是同一個(gè)層次的事物，它們之間是同一層次的平行關(guān)系，D 是對(duì) ABC 的一個(gè)補(bǔ)充，嚴(yán)格上來(lái)說(shuō)和ABC 不屬于同一個(gè)層次。同理，（both） A and B, as well as C也是正確的，AB 屬于同層次的事物，C 是對(duì) AB 的一個(gè)補(bǔ)充。d. 如果出現(xiàn)be vulnerable to A, B, as w

20、ell as C 這種句型，我們認(rèn)為是錯(cuò)誤的。因?yàn)閍swell as和 and是有區(qū)別的，as well as不能代替and。上述句型，如果ABC 屬于同一層次，則應(yīng)改為A, B, and C. 如果 AB 同層次，C是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明類的事物，則應(yīng)該改為A and B, aswell as C（ 2）多個(gè)帶to 的結(jié)構(gòu)平行時(shí)，可以考慮兩種用法：要么全部都帶to，要么只有第一個(gè)有to、后面的都不帶。比如本題中，可以是be vulnerable to A, B and C ，也可以是be vulnerable to A, to B, and to C. 其他方式的不正確。Lenders and buil

21、ding managers in the southwestern section of the city report that because of the rental market in the area being renewed, as well as the willingness of the banks to lend money being increased, apartment buildings（公寓大樓）are being rehabilitated （使恢復(fù)）at a pace（一步）unseen for a decade.A. of the rental mar

22、ket in the area being renewed, as well as the willingness of the banks to le nd money being increasedB. of the renewed rental market in the area, as well as the willingness of banks to lend money increasingC. of the renewed rental market in the area and the increased willingness of banks to lend mo

23、neyD. the rental market in the area renewed and the willingness of banks to lend money increase d, thereforeE. the rental market in the area was being renewed and banks were incre asingly willing to len d money, soOA： C3）區(qū)別as well as 和 and 的用法：this is not a decision that you are expected to make -in

24、 this context （關(guān)于這點(diǎn)）, either of those two phrasings could be legitimate （合法的）.ingeneral, "and" is a default preference（默認(rèn)優(yōu)先）（because it's simpler） while " as well as" isused when there is some sort of rhetorical （修辭的，夸張的）reason to do so.4. as well as?？煎e(cuò)誤迷惑選項(xiàng)：Both as well as b

25、oth and Either as well as either or Not only buats well asnot only but also The yield per acre（畝產(chǎn)收益）of coffee berries（咖啡豆）varies enormously in that asingle tree, depending on both its size and on climate and altitude （高度，態(tài)度）, could produceenough berries to make between one and twelve pounds of dried

26、 beans（干豆）a year.A. enormously in that a single tree, depending on both its size and on climate and altitude, could produceB. enormously in that a single tree, dependent on its size and also on climate and altitude, is able to produceC. enormously, because a single tree, depending on its size and on

27、 climate and altitude, is able to produceD. enormously, because a single tree, being dependent on its size, climate, and altitude, is capable of producingE. enormously, because a single tree, dependent both on its size as well as on climate and altitude, could produceOA： C.三、鏈接成分用作固定短語(yǔ)的as well as 作為

28、固定短語(yǔ)，as well as可以作Prep.也可以作conj.。1. 連接名詞或代詞，例如：The nineteenth-century chemist Humphry Davy presented the results of his early experimentsin his “ Essay on Heat and Ligah tc, ritique o” f all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of a new chemistry that Davy hoped to found.A. a critique of

29、 all chemistry since Robert Boyle as well as a vision of aB. a critique of all chemistry following Robert Boyle and also his envisioning of aC. a critique of all chemistry after Robert Boyle and envisioning aswellD. critiquing all chemistry from Robert Boyle forward and also a vision ofE. critiquing

30、 all the chemistry done since Robert Boyle as well as his own envisioning ofOA： AAlthough Hans Christian Andersen wrote fairy tales that are among the most frequently translated works in literary history, his plays, novels, poems, and travel books, as well as several autobiographies, remain almost u

31、nknown outside his native Denmark.b. A as well as B 用作句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須同A保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。例如：The girl, as well as the boys, has learned to ride.Aluminium as well as most metals is a good conductor.2. 連接動(dòng)詞。as well as后跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)，該動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)名詞 的形式。She sings as well as playing the piano. 她不但會(huì)彈鋼琴，而且會(huì)唱歌。He sits late at night as w

32、ell as working hard during the day.Diesel engines（柴油引擎）burn as much as 30 percent less fuel than gasoline engines（汽油引擎）of comparable size, as well as emitting （噴出）far less（遠(yuǎn)不及）carbon dioxide gas（碳酸氣）and far fewer（少得多的）of the other gases that have been implicated（影響）inglobal warming.A） of comparable

33、size, as well as emitting far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gases that haveB） of comparable size, as well as emit far less carbon dioxide gas and far fewer of the other gases havingC） of comparable size, and also they emit far fewer carbon dioxide and other gases that haveD） tha

34、t have a comparable size, and also they emit far less carbon dioxide gas and other gases that haveE） that have a comparable size, aswell as emitting far fewer carbon dioxide and other gases havingOA： A朗文例句：The organization gives help and support to people in need, as well as raising money for local

35、charities （慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）注： as well as位于句首時(shí)或者作為逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)的插入語(yǔ)，即介詞短語(yǔ)，用法類like、 unlike，意思是“除 之外”。介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)等于句子主語(yǔ)，其 連接對(duì)象必須是同類對(duì)等事物，動(dòng)詞多用動(dòng)名詞形式。As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm. 他不但摔斷了腿，而且也傷了胳膊。As well as printing the book, he publishes them.As well as heat and light, the Sun is the source of a continuou

36、s stream of atomic particles kno wn as the solar wind.F） ） As well as heat and light, the Sun is the source of a continuous streamG） ） Besides heat and light, also the Sun is the source of a continuous stream.H） ） Besides heat and light, the Sun is also the source of a continuous streaming.I） ） The

37、Sun is the source not only of heat and light, but also of a continuous stream.J） ） The Sun is the source of not only heat and light but, as well, of a continuous streaming.OA： D。 A選項(xiàng) heat and light 與 Sun并列，不符合邏輯。3. 連接形容詞、副詞。用法意思類似于and，但強(qiáng)調(diào)成分不同。She s clevears well as beautiful.The child is lively as w

38、ell as healthy.Even though her career was cut short when she was in her prime （做準(zhǔn)備）and the fifteenrecordings she made were disappointing artistically as well as technically, Olive Fremstad （18711951） has never been entirely forgotten by opera aficionados （狂熱愛(ài)好者）.4. 連接介詞短語(yǔ)或從句a. 連接 prep 短語(yǔ)The ecosyste

39、ms（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）of barrier islands （堰州島）are extremely vulnerable （易受傷害的，有弱點(diǎn)的）-whether from natural processes like shoreline recession （海岸線倒退）,rising sea levels（海平面上升）, and destructive hurricanes（颶風(fēng)破壞）, or the ever-increasing pressures of development.A. whether from natural processes like shoreline recession

40、, rising sea levels, and destructive hurricanes, orB. whether from natural processes such as shoreline recession, rising sea levels, and destructi ve hurricanes, or alsoC. to processes that are natural like shoreline recession, rising sea levels, and destructive hurr icanes, and alsoD. to processes

41、that are natural ones like shoreline recession, rising sea levels, and destructive hurricanes, as well as toE. to natural processes such as shoreline recession, rising sea levels, and destructive hurricane s, as well as toOA： E。句子結(jié)構(gòu)：The ecosystems are extremely vulnerable to , as well as to .Ranked

42、among great mathematical scientists such as Archimedes, Kepler, and Newton, AbuAli al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham, who was born in Iraq in 965 C.E., had experimented extensively wit h light and vision, laying the foundation for modern optics and also the notion of science being bas ed on experiment as well

43、 as on philosophical arguments.F. al-Haytham, who was born in Iraq in 965 C.E., had experimented extensively with light an d vision, laying the foundation for modern optics and also the notion of science being based on ex periment as well asG. al-Haytham, born in Iraq in 965 C.E., experimented exten

44、sively with light and vision, layi ng the foundation for modern optics and for the notion that science should be based on experiment as well asH. al-Haytham, born in Iraq in 965 C.E. and who experimented extensively with light and vis ion, thereby laid the foundation for modern optics and also for t

45、he notion that science should be ba sed on not only experiment but alsoI. al-Haytham was born in Iraq in 965 C.E. and had experimented extensively with light and vision, laying the foundation for modern optics and for the notion that science should be based on not only experiment but alsoJ. al-Hayth

46、am was born in Iraq in 965 C.E., experimenting extensively with light and vision and laying the foundation for modern optics and for the notion of science being based on experime nt as well asOA： B。句子結(jié)構(gòu)： , Abu Ali al -H asan ibn al-Haytham, , experimented extensively with light and vision, laying Ra

47、nked among 修飾句子主語(yǔ)，laying the foundation 作分詞狀語(yǔ)表結(jié)果。正確的句子中， the foundation for modern optics and for the notion 平行對(duì)稱，be based on experiment as well as on arguments 平行對(duì)稱。b. 連接句子According to a study published in The New England Journal of Medicine , aspirin prevents blo od clots（血塊）just as well as a comm

48、only used and more expensive blood-thinning （稀釋）drug does.A. prevents blood clots just as well as a commonly used and more expensive blood-thinning drug doesB. prevents blood clots just as well as does a commonly used and a more expensive blood-thi nning drugC. prevents blood clots just as well as w

49、ill a commonly used and more expensive blood-thinn ing drugD. works just as well as a commonly used and more expensive blood-thinning drug at the pre vention of blood clotsE. works just as well as does a commonly used blood-thinning drug, which is also more expe nsive, at preventing blood clotsOA： A

50、。aspirin 與 blood-thinning drug 在 prevent blood clots 上的比較，does指代 prevents。四、把握主謂一致當(dāng) A as well as B 連接兩個(gè)成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果連接的是兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單動(dòng)詞形式，它和第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞實(shí)際上起著插入語(yǔ)的作用，那么，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞則是限定動(dòng)詞，即與主語(yǔ)A 保持人稱和數(shù)的一致（就遠(yuǎn)原則）。如：Tom as well as his parents is going to London. 湯姆和他的父母要去倫敦。The captain, as well as the other players, was tired. 隊(duì)長(zhǎng)和其

51、他隊(duì)員都累了。She as well as you is an English teacher 她像你一樣也是英文教師。這里的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is，不用are，因?yàn)榫渲械闹髡Z(yǔ)是she，不是she和you。Gasoline marketing is undergoing major changes as stations often not only add convenience s tores but also combine with major fast-food chains to build complexes where customers can shop and eat as wel

52、l as buy gasoline.He works, as well as sleeps, in the room.He makes, as well as sells, shoes.The girl, as well as the boys, has learned to ride.Aluminium as well as most metals is a good conductor.但是，有時(shí)即使as well as 前面一個(gè)成分為單數(shù)，其后的謂語(yǔ)也可能用復(fù)數(shù)，尤其是當(dāng) as well as 后面一個(gè)成分比較長(zhǎng)且該結(jié)構(gòu)沒(méi)有用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)時(shí)（??？）。如：His appearance as w

53、ell as his strange way of talking make me suspicious.他的外表以及他那奇怪的談吐引起我的懷疑。五、牢記后續(xù)動(dòng)詞的形式as well as 后接動(dòng)詞到底是該用什么形式，這是一比較復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題，歸納起來(lái)有以下幾點(diǎn)值得注意：1. as well as 通常 被視為介詞，所以后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般用動(dòng)名詞形式。如：He sings as well as playing the piano. 他不但會(huì)彈鋼琴，而且會(huì)唱歌。As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm. 他不但摔斷了腿，而且還傷了胳膊。Smoking i

54、s dangerous, as well as making you smell bad.吸煙不僅使你身上有氣味，而且危險(xiǎn)。She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.她不但是攝影師還是個(gè)天才的音樂(lè)家。注： as well as 后接 動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞的情況主要見(jiàn)于主句謂語(yǔ)為簡(jiǎn)單時(shí)態(tài)（即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)）的時(shí)候。特別當(dāng)as well as用于句首時(shí)，其后習(xí)慣上要接動(dòng)名詞形成 非謂語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如：As well as eating a seven-course meal, they drank three bottl

55、es of wine.除吃了一頓有七道菜的飯之外，他們還喝了三瓶酒。As well as walking, he likes fishing and shooting. 他除散步之外還喜歡釣魚(yú)和打獵。As well as visiting Niagara Falls, we spent a day in Toronto.我們參觀了Niagara 瀑布，而且在多倫多玩了一天。As wel l as getting on everybody s nerves, he s got a habit of borrowing money and forgetting to pay it back. 他使得人人都感到心煩，此外，他還有個(gè)習(xí)慣，就是借了錢就忘了還。2. as well as 有時(shí)也被視為準(zhǔn)并列連詞，后接的動(dòng)詞可以與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式一致（就遠(yuǎn)原則）（但