賓語(yǔ)從句的用法基礎(chǔ)講解

1、賓語(yǔ)從句的用法【真題再現(xiàn)】1. Could you tell me_? 【2012廣東】 Certainly. In half an hour.A. when will the high speed train arrive B. when the high speed train will arrive C. when would the high speed train arrive D. when the high speed train would arrive2. Excuse me, could you tell me _ to get to the post office? 【2

2、012廣西玉林】Certainly. The No. 15 bus. A. which bus I should take B. I should take which bus C. should I take which bus D. which bus should I take 3.I think _ not difficult _ English every morning【2012貴州安順】A. that; keep readingBits; keep readingC. that; to keep readingDit; to keep reading4. Do you know

3、_ Zunyi or not tomorrow? 【2012黔西南】A. whether are they leaving for B. whether they are leaving forC. if they are leaving for D. if are they leaving for5. The policewoman asked the little boy _.【2012貴州安順】Awhere did he liveBwhere he livedCwhere he lives Dwhere does he lives6. Show me the map, please. I

4、 wonder _.【2012福建福州】 Look, its here, in the east of China, near Taiwan Province.A. where is Diaoyu Island B. where Diaoyu Island is C. what is Diaoyu Island like7. Could you tell me_ he came here? 【2012安徽省】He drove here himself.A. how B. why C. when D. whether8. Can you tell me _ the prize, Tom? 【20

5、12北京】Last year.A. when you gotB. when did you getC. when will you getD. when you will get【用法講解】考試要求：賓語(yǔ)從句在中考中是重點(diǎn)考查內(nèi)容，主要考查知識(shí)包括賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序及賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)及否定遷移等。1. 賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在復(fù)合句子中，作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：I want to know whose book this is.我想知道這是誰(shuí)的書。賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三種：1）that；2）whether/ if；3）特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/ when/ where/ who等。例如：

6、He said that he could help me. 他說(shuō)他能夠幫助我。Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. 你媽媽問(wèn)這個(gè)星期你能否完成工作。Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？你能告訴我運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在什么時(shí)候開始嗎？(1) 以that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句一般都是由陳述句充當(dāng)，引導(dǎo)詞that沒(méi)有實(shí)際意義，不在從句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且從句成分齊全，句意完整。Do you think (that) it will r

7、ain? 你認(rèn)為天會(huì)下雨嗎？He said (that) he could come on time. 他說(shuō)他會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)的。(2) 以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句是由一般疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的，變成從句后，語(yǔ)序由原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序變成陳述語(yǔ)序。whether和if意為“是否”。Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。I dont care whether you like the story or not. 我不在

8、乎你是否喜歡這個(gè)故事。注意：以下情況一般只用whether不用if。1) 接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。She doesnt know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去動(dòng)物園。2)與or not連用時(shí)。Im not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)，我說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)。(3) 特殊疑問(wèn)詞what/ when/ where/ who等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句：此類賓語(yǔ)從句原來(lái)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變成賓語(yǔ)從句后要用陳述語(yǔ)序，由wh-開頭的疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等連接代詞和where

9、, when, how, why等連接副詞，這些引導(dǎo)詞有各自的意思，在從句中要作相應(yīng)的成分，不能省略。例如：Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? 請(qǐng)問(wèn)我們得走哪個(gè)門？He didnt tell me how long he would stay here. 他沒(méi)有告訴我他要在這里呆多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序由whether/ if和特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述語(yǔ)序，原來(lái)的倒裝語(yǔ)序改成陳述語(yǔ)序時(shí)注意相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞的變化等。Where does your father work? Can you tell us? Can you

10、tell us where your father works? 你能告訴我們你爸爸在哪里工作嗎？Did you get home very late? He asked me. He asked me if I got home very late. 他問(wèn)我是否到家很晚。3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)(1) 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)實(shí)際情況用各種時(shí)態(tài)。My teacher says he will be back in a week. （一般將來(lái)時(shí)）我的老師說(shuō)他將在一個(gè)星期后回來(lái)。My teacher says he is watching TV. （現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)）我的老師說(shuō)他正在看電視。

11、My teacher says he has seen the movie. （現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）我的老師說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。(2）如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。My father said he was watching TV at that time.（過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）我爸爸說(shuō)在那個(gè)時(shí)候他在看電視。My father said the he had already seen the movie. （過(guò)去完成時(shí)）我爸爸說(shuō)他已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了。注意：如果賓語(yǔ)從句是表示客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Our teacher told us the sun is much big

12、ger than the earth. （一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)）我們的老師告訴我們太陽(yáng)比地球大多了。4. 賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，從句的否定一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，其反意疑問(wèn)句與從句一致。例如：I dont think theyll wait to the last minute，will they？ 我認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)等到最后一分鐘，他們會(huì)嗎？I dont believe he did this, did he? 我相信他不會(huì)做這樣的事，他會(huì)嗎？【鞏固練習(xí)】 I單項(xiàng)選擇。1Do you know _ th

13、e Capital Museum? Next Friday. A. when will they visit Bwhen they will visitC. when did they visit Dwhen they visited2He wanted to know _ the English party. Awhen will we have Bwhen we will haveCwhen would we have Dwhen we should have3I want to know _ Awhen we should arrive at the airport Bwhen shou

14、ld we arrive at the airport Cwhen the airport we should arrive atDwhen the airport should we arrive at4David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _?He is a doctor. AWho is he Bwho he is Cwhat is he Dwhat he is5. I dont know when _.A. will the train leave B. the train will leaveC. wo

15、uld the train leave D. the train leave6. Do you know what _ with Jim?A. is wrong B. wrong is C. wrong was D. the matter is7.I want to know _. Why not go to the park?A. where I can go for a picnic B. where can I go for a picnicC. what I can go for a picnic D. what can I go for a picnic8. I dont think

16、 he is right, _?A. do I B. isnt he C. is he D. dont I9. The teacher didnt say you would come, _?A. would you B. wouldnt you C. did she D. didnt you10. Do you know_ daughter she is?A. whose B. whom C. what D. who11. They wondered if the teacher _them some English songs the next week.A. would teach B.

17、 had taught C. will teach D. taught12. He asked me if I knew_.A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it13. He told me _ Paris is the capital of France.A. which B. the C. that D. what14. He asked me _ during the summer holiday.A. where I had gone B. where I had been

18、C. where had I gone D. where had I been15. Im not sure whether _ tomorrow.A. they will arrive B. will they arrive C. they arrive D. they have arrivedII.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示，用賓語(yǔ)從句補(bǔ)全下列句子。1.我不知道為什么她如此著迷Apple iphone4s。I dont know _ Apple iphone4s. 2.我們給了她一些建議，但不知道她是否會(huì)接受。Weve given her some advice, but I dont know_. 3

19、.作為社會(huì)的一員，我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力做我們應(yīng)該做的。As society members, we should try our best to do_.4. 請(qǐng)你告訴我怎么到中山公園好嗎？好的。你可以坐公交車去那。Could you tell me_?Yes, you can go there by bus.5. 湯姆在紐約呢還是已經(jīng)回家了？ 對(duì)不起，我不確信是否他已經(jīng)回來(lái)。Is Tom still in New York or already back at home?Sorry，Im not sure _. 賓語(yǔ)從句的用法【鞏固練習(xí)】 I單項(xiàng)選擇。1Do you know _ the Ca

20、pital Museum? Next Friday. A. when will they visit Bwhen they will visitC. when did they visit Dwhen they visited2He wanted to know _ the English party. Awhen will we have Bwhen we will haveCwhen would we have Dwhen we should have3I want to know _ Awhen we should arrive at the airport Bwhen should w

21、e arrive at the airport Cwhen the airport we should arrive atDwhen the airport should we arrive at4David, look at the man in white over there. Can you tell me _?He is a doctor. AWho is he Bwho he is Cwhat is he Dwhat he is5. I dont know when _.A. will the train leave B. the train will leaveC. would

22、the train leave D. the train leave6. Do you know what _ with Jim?A. is wrong B. wrong is C. wrong was D. the matter is7.I want to know _. Why not go to the park?A. where I can go for a picnic B. where can I go for a picnicC. what I can go for a picnic D. what can I go for a picnic8. I dont think he

23、is right, _?A. do I B. isnt he C. is he D. dont I9. The teacher didnt say you would come, _?A. would you B. wouldnt you C. did she D. didnt you10. Do you know_ daughter she is?A. whose B. whom C. what D. who11. They wondered if the teacher _them some English songs the next week.A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taught12. He asked me if I knew_.A. whose pen was it B