英語(yǔ)經(jīng)典總結(jié)：初一四大時(shí)態(tài)的復(fù)習(xí)

1、初一四大時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第一人稱和第二人稱的行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有形式上的變化，其否定形式一般是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前加don't (do not)。一、動(dòng)詞的第三人稱詞尾變化：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需加-s或-es :規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在詞尾加-s,(清輔音后讀/§/playplays在濁輔號(hào)后讀/ z在t后讀/ tW dleaveleaves后讀/ dz /)swimswims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o 結(jié)尾的詞加passpasses-es ,讀/ i如果動(dòng)詞原形詞尾已有fixfixese,則只加-s。teachteacheswishwis

2、hesdodoes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，先變 ystudystudies為i,再加-es,讀/ z /carrycarriesflyflies注意：動(dòng)詞have的第三人稱單數(shù)是has.寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)第三人稱形式。1. cook2. watch3. build4. have5. wash6. enjoy7. go8 receive9 cry_10. close .11. drive12. choose13. play14. reach二.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法1)表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的副詞連用。常用的頻度副詞有：always、often、usually、seldom、never

3、。頻度副詞在句中通常放在行為動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后例如：He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天經(jīng)常游泳。I often get up at 7:00.2) 常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) every day 、 every week 、 every month 、 every year 連用。1 go home at 6 every afternoon.我每天下午六點(diǎn)回家。-Do you often plant trees in spring?-Yes, We many trees in our school every year.（09 年湖南， 30 改編）A. pl

4、antB. are plantingC. plant3）表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格、特征和能力等，尤其注意一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與感官動(dòng)詞的連用。例如：All my family love football .我全家人都喜歡足球。Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)得不錯(cuò)，講的可不行。-Do you like the song You and Me? （09 年蕪湖，41 ）-Of course! It really beautiful.A. listensB. soundsC. thinksD. hears4）表示客觀真理，客觀存在，自然現(xiàn)象。

5、例如：The earth moves around the sun.地球繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中國(guó)東部。5）表示按計(jì)劃或安排好的，或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的動(dòng)作，可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。但只限于start,begin,leave,go,come,arrive,return,take place等表示動(dòng)作起止的詞。例如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火車(chē)明天上午六點(diǎn)開(kāi)。He comes back tonight.他今晚回來(lái)。鞏固練習(xí)：1、Lucy likes going skating wi

6、th her friends.（改寫(xiě)成否定句）2、Aunt Li ' s son hasen toy bears.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）3、His watch costs 300 yuan.（變成一般疑問(wèn)句并否定回答）4、I like being a nurse for the old.（變成一般疑問(wèn)句）5、張叔叔每天乘坐地鐵上班。6、我們每周花三小時(shí)在圖書(shū)館看書(shū)。7、我爺爺常常晚飯后出去散步。一般過(guò)去時(shí)一、動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的規(guī)則變化:構(gòu)成規(guī)則動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加-ed ,looklooked（在清輔首后讀 / ;t在濁輔苜和playplayed元音后讀/d在workworke

7、d/ t 后1t趣 did /結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞在末尾加-dlikelikedlivelivedhopehoped末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀planplanned用if,先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，stopstopped再加-eddropdropped結(jié)尾是 輔音字母+ y”的動(dòng)詞，studystudied先變"的“再加-edworryworriedcrycried寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式1. put2. drink3. cry4.pull5. ride6.begin7. sit8. run9. take10.sweep11. stop12. solve13. rob14. wait15. li

8、e16. turn17. explore18. drop19.clean20. produce21.get22.laugh23.pay24.die二.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法1）表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday, lastweek, an hour ago, just now, the other day, in 1982等連用。在一般過(guò)去式中，要表達(dá) 過(guò)多少時(shí)間之后"，一般用after,如after five years 例如： Where did you go just now?剛才你上哪兒去了 ？After a few years, s

9、he became a student in Tsinghua University.幾年后，她成為了清華大學(xué)的一名學(xué)生。We were in Qingdao last week and great fun there.（2008 北京,11）A. will haveB. have hadC. hadD. have2）上下文，主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致。-How was your weekend?-Great! We a picnic by the lake. （2006 北京，25）A. HaveB. are havingC. hadD. will haveThey her to the party,

10、so she was very happy.（09 年d匕京， 29 ）A. inviteB. invitedC. will inviteD. are inviting現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞、動(dòng)詞V-ing的構(gòu)成形式規(guī)則原形-ing形式一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加 -inglistenlisteningspendspendingstaystaying以不發(fā)音字母 e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先havehaving去掉e,再加-ingpreparepreparingcloseclosing以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如果sitsitting末尾只個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙beginb

11、eginning寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔首字母，再加-ingrunrunningputputting以ie為重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先lielying去掉e,把i改為y,再加-ingdiedying以er結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如是重讀音節(jié)preferpreferring結(jié)尾，先雙寫(xiě) r,再加-ing ；如不waterwatering是重讀音節(jié)結(jié)尾，就直接加-ing寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。1、win 2、relax 3、jump 4、make 5、have 6、talk 7、tie 8、cheer 9、 enjoy 10、 cry 11、 come 12、 fit 三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：1、表示現(xiàn)在（指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)）正在

12、發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與now, right now, at this moment等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。例如： We are waiting for you now.我們正在等你。We are having English class. 我們正在上英語(yǔ)課。What' s your brother doing in his room now? （2006 北京，29）-He a kite.A. makesB. madeC. is maki ng D. will makeMr. Green to the manager now. You ' d better call him later

13、. （09 年北京，27）A. talkB. talkedC. is talkingD. was talkingToday is Father ' s Day. My mother a special dinner for my grandpa now. （2010 年上海，39）A. prepareB. preparedC. is preparingD. will prepare2、表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，常與 always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，往 往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩。例如：You are always changing your mi

14、nd. 你老是改變主意。（有種不耐煩的因素在里面）3、上下文表達(dá)正在做某事的意義。-Whose watch is lost?-Mr. Smith ' s. Look! He it everywhere. （2008 蕪湖，47）（09年安徽，47）D. talkA. looked forB. was looking forC. looks for D. is looking for -Alice, turn down the TV, please. I on the phone.-Oh, sorry.A. have talkedB. talkedC. am talking -Where

15、 is my dad, Mum? （ 09 年蕪湖，36 ）A. watches-Oh, he Xiao Shenyang ' s video in the bedroom.B. watchC. has watchedD. is watching-Where' s your father, Mike?D. has cooked等）用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示即-He in the kitchen. （2007 北京，28）A. cooksB. cookedC. is cooking4、表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。表移動(dòng)的終止性動(dòng)詞（ come, go, arrive, leave,

16、start, begin, return將要發(fā)生動(dòng)作。例如：I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。The train is arriving soon.火車(chē)要到了。一些持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，表將來(lái)，表示說(shuō)話者對(duì)對(duì)方將要做的事情的一種關(guān)心。你會(huì)在這兒呆到下周嗎?例如： Are you staying here till next week?鞏固練習(xí)：1、Bruce often writes letters in English. (用 now 改寫(xiě)句子)2、They are surfing. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))3、瞧，那些孩子們玩的真高興！4、這些天工人們一直在盡力修補(bǔ)

17、那些壞了的帳篷。用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1. Uncle Wang usually(go) to work by bike.2. Be quiet! The patient(sleep).3. Look, a number of Young Pioneers(plant) trees over there.4. Emily often(help) her mother(wash) clothes on Sunday.5. (not be) afraid, I(show) you how to reach the station.6. What you(do) the day after to

18、morrow?7. There(be) an important meeting in two days.8. My aunt (join) the Party in 1995.一般將來(lái)時(shí)一、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成：助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形在口語(yǔ)中，will在名詞或代詞后?？s為，ll will not常簡(jiǎn)縮為 won' t在疑問(wèn)句中，主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)(I和we)時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞 shall。例如：She' ll go to play basketball.她要去打籃球。Shall we go to the zoo?我們要去動(dòng)物園嗎？二、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法1、表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或

19、存在的狀態(tài)，常與 tomorrow, next year , soon等連用例如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.Tara is interested in Chinese culture. She Chinese at Fudan University next year.(07年上海，43)A. studiesB. studiedC. will studyD. had studiedMr. Smith a talk on country music next Monday. （2007北京，30）A. giveB. gaveC. has given D. will giveSoon you a senior high school student. Isn' t it exciting!（08海， 42）A. becomeB. will becomeC. becameD. have become三、be going to表示將來(lái)。1、表示主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行某一行動(dòng)的打算意圖。這種打算常經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)先考慮并含